rath

See also: Rath, ráth, räth, -rath, and -raþ

English

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Irish ráth.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ɹɑːθ/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ɹæθ/
• Rhymes: -ɑːθ, Rhymes: -æθ
• Homophone: wrath (some dialects)

Noun

rath (plural raths)

1. (historical) A walled enclosure, especially in Ireland; a ringfort built sometime between the Iron Age and the Viking Age.
   • 1907, James Woods, Annals of Westmeath, Ancient and Modern:

     There are numerous Danish raths in the parish.

   • 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 1, in The Whisperer in Darkness:

     Those with Celtic legendry in their heritage—mainly the Scotch-Irish element of New Hampshire, and their kindred who had settled in Vermont on Governor Wentworth’s colonial grants—linked them vaguely with the malign fairies and “little people” of the bogs and raths, and protected themselves with scraps of incantation handed down through many generations.

Translations

walled enclosure, ringfort

• Irish: ráth m or f
• Old Irish: ráth m or f, ráith m or f
• Russian: форт (ru) m (fort)

Etymology 2

From Hindi रथ (rath), from Sanskrit रथ (ratha).

Noun

rath (plural raths)

1. A Burmese carriage of state.

Etymology 3

Adjective

rath (comparative more rath, superlative most rath)

1. Alternative form of rathe.

Anagrams

• Arth, HART, Hart, Thar, hart, tahr, thar

Cornish

Noun

rath f (plural rathes)

1. rat

Synonyms

• (Revived Late Cornish) logojen vroas

German

Verb

rath

1. singular imperative of rathen

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish rath (“grace, virtue”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸratom (“grace, virtue, good fortune”), from the root *ɸar- (“bestow”) (whence Old Irish ernaid, from Proto-Indo-European *perh₃- (“bestow, give”) (whence also Sanskrit पृणाक्ति (pṛṇā́kti, “grant, bestow”), Latin parō (“prepare”)).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɾˠɑh/
• (Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /ɾˠa/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɾˠah/

Noun

rath m (genitive singular ratha)

1. (literary) bestowal, grant; grace, favour; gift, bounty
2. prosperity
3. abundance
4. usefulness, good

Declension

Declension of rath

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative rath Vocative a rath Genitive ratha Dative rath

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an rath Genitive an ratha Dative leis an rath don rath

Derived terms

• anrath (“ill-luck”)

Further reading

• Matasović, Ranko (2009), “far-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 122
• Matasović, Ranko (2009), “frato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 140
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 rath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “raṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 560
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “rath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “rath” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 58

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• rað

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *raþ, from Proto-Germanic *raþą (“wheel”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑθ/

Noun

rath n

1. wheel

Declension

Declension of rath (neuter a-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	rath	rathu
accusative	rath	rathu
genitive	rathes	rathō
dative	rathe	rathum
instrumental	—	—