लोक
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See also: लंका
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loka). Doublet of लोग (log) and लोअ (loa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]लोक • (lok) m (Urdu spelling لوک)
- public
- Synonym: जन (jan)
- हमारा नेता बड़ा धोखेबाज़ है, पर लोक द्वारा समर्थित है।
- hamārā netā baṛā dhokhebāz hai, par lok dvārā samarthit hai.
- Our leader is a cheat, but he is supported by the public.
- folk
- Synonym: लोग (log)
- यह चावल गाँव लोक से आते हैं।
- yah cāval gā̃v lok se āte ha͠i.
- This rice comes from the village folk.
- world
- मौत के समय पर, हर एक आदमी स्वर्ग-लोक पहुँचना चाहते हैं।
- maut ke samay par, har ek ādmī svarg-lok pahũcnā cāhte ha͠i.
- Each and every person wants to go to the world of paradise (heaven) upon their death.
Declension
[edit]Declension of लोक (masc cons-stem)
Derived terms
[edit]- लोकतंत्र (loktantra)
References
[edit]- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “लोक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Konkani
[edit]Noun
[edit]लोक • (lok) m (Latin script lok, Kannada script ಲೊಕ್)
- (plural only) people
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit लोक (loká).
Noun
[edit]लोक • (lok) m pl
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine, “लोक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “लोक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Old Awadhi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loká).
Noun
[edit]लोक (loka) (plural लोकन)
- world (countable)
- c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Saṅkaṭmocan Hanumān Aṣṭak :
- तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो।
- taba tīnahum̐ loka bhayo am̐dhiyāro.
- Then, the three worlds turned dark
- तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो।
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Noun
[edit]लोक m
- Devanagari script form of loka (“world”)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "लोक" (masculine)
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | लोको (loko) | लोका (lokā) |
Accusative (second) | लोकं (lokaṃ) | लोके (loke) |
Instrumental (third) | लोकेन (lokena) | लोकेहि (lokehi) or लोकेभि (lokebhi) |
Dative (fourth) | लोकस्स (lokassa) or लोकाय (lokāya) or लोकत्थं (lokatthaṃ) | लोकानं (lokānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | लोकस्मा (lokasmā) or लोकम्हा (lokamhā) or लोका (lokā) | लोकेहि (lokehi) or लोकेभि (lokebhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | लोकस्स (lokassa) | लोकानं (lokānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | लोकस्मिं (lokasmiṃ) or लोकम्हि (lokamhi) or लोके (loke) | लोकेसु (lokesu) |
Vocative (calling) | लोक (loka) | लोका (lokā) |
Rajbanshi
[edit]Noun
[edit]लोक (lok) (classifier ट, plural लोकला)
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- লোক (Assamese script)
- ᬮᭀᬓ (Balinese script)
- লোক (Bengali script)
- 𑰩𑰺𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀮𑁄𑀓 (Brahmi script)
- လောက (Burmese script)
- લોક (Gujarati script)
- ਲੋਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌲𑍋𑌕 (Grantha script)
- ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (Javanese script)
- 𑂪𑂷𑂍 (Kaithi script)
- ಲೋಕ (Kannada script)
- លោក (Khmer script)
- ໂລກ (Lao script)
- ലോക (Malayalam script)
- ᠯᠣᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘩𑘻𑘎 (Modi script)
- ᠯᠣᠸᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧉𑧜𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐮𑑀𑐎 (Newa script)
- ଲୋକ (Odia script)
- ꢭꣂꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆬𑆾𑆑 (Sharada script)
- 𑖩𑖺𑖎 (Siddham script)
- ලොක (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩽𑩕𑩜 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚥𑚴𑚊 (Takri script)
- லோக (Tamil script)
- లోక (Telugu script)
- โลก (Thai script)
- ལོ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒪𑒼𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨬𑨆𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *lowk-ó-s (open space), from *lewk- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin lūcus (“sacred grove”), Lithuanian laũkas (“field”), Old English lēah (“open field, meadow”) (whence English lea).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]लोक • (loká) stem, m
- free or open space.
- world, realm; the earth or world of human beings.
- the inhabitants of the world, mankind, folk, people.
- men (as opposed to women).
- a company, community
- ordinary life, worldly affairs, common practice or usage.
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of लोक (loká) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | लोकः lokáḥ |
लोकौ / लोका¹ lokaú / lokā́¹ |
लोकाः / लोकासः¹ lokā́ḥ / lokā́saḥ¹ |
Vocative | लोक lóka |
लोकौ / लोका¹ lókau / lókā¹ |
लोकाः / लोकासः¹ lókāḥ / lókāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | लोकम् lokám |
लोकौ / लोका¹ lokaú / lokā́¹ |
लोकान् lokā́n |
Instrumental | लोकेन lokéna |
लोकाभ्याम् lokā́bhyām |
लोकैः / लोकेभिः¹ lokaíḥ / lokébhiḥ¹ |
Dative | लोकाय lokā́ya |
लोकाभ्याम् lokā́bhyām |
लोकेभ्यः lokébhyaḥ |
Ablative | लोकात् lokā́t |
लोकाभ्याम् lokā́bhyām |
लोकेभ्यः lokébhyaḥ |
Genitive | लोकस्य lokásya |
लोकयोः lokáyoḥ |
लोकानाम् lokā́nām |
Locative | लोके loké |
लोकयोः lokáyoḥ |
लोकेषु lokéṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants
[edit]- Austronesian:
- Assamese: লোক (lük)
- Bengali: লোক (lōk)
- → Burmese: လောက (lau:ka.)
- → Proto-Iranian: *lōka
- Parthian: (/lōg/, “world”)
- Manichaean script: 𐫓𐫇𐫃 (lwg)
- Sogdian: (/δoka~loka, rok~lok/, “world”)
- Buddhist Sogdian: [script needed] (δwkʾ), [script needed] (rwk)
- Parthian: (/lōg/, “world”)
- Hindi: लोग (log), लोक (lok)
- Kashmiri: لوٗکھ (lūkh), لُکھ (lukh)
- → Lao: ໂລກ (lōk)
- → Malayalam: ലോകം (lōkaṁ), ഉലകം (ulakaṁ)
- → Mon: လောက (lòkaˀ)
- → Old Awadhi: loka (learned)
- → Odia: ଲୋକ (loka)
- → Punjabi: ਲੋਕ (lok)
- → Telugu: లోకము (lōkamu)
- → Tamil: லோகம் (lōkam), உலகம் (ulakam)
- → Thai: โลก (lôok)
- Urdu: لوگ (log)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “लोक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 906/1-2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 481
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