loka

See also: Loka, lokā, loká, and lô-kà

Esperanto

Etymology

loko +‎ -a

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈloka/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oka
• Syllabification: lo‧ka

Adjective

loka (accusative singular lokan, plural lokaj, accusative plural lokajn)

1. local

   Hyponym: tiea

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *loka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlokɑ/, [ˈlo̞kɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -okɑ
• Syllabification^(key): lo‧ka
• Hyphenation^(key): lo‧ka

Noun

loka

1. wet mud or dirt

   Synonyms: kura, rapa

2. (figuratively) mud (willfully abusive, even slanderous remarks or claims)

Declension

Inflection of loka (Kotus type 10*D/koira, k-∅ gradation)
nominative		loka	loat
genitive		loan	lokien
partitive		lokaa	lokia
illative		lokaan	lokiin
		singular	plural
nominative		loka	loat
accusative	nom.	loka	loat
	gen.	loan
genitive		loan	lokien lokain rare
partitive		lokaa	lokia
inessive		loassa	loissa
elative		loasta	loista
illative		lokaan	lokiin
adessive		loalla	loilla
ablative		loalta	loilta
allative		loalle	loille
essive		lokana	lokina
translative		loaksi	loiksi
abessive		loatta	loitta
instructive		—	loin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of loka (Kotus type 10*D/koira, k-∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative lokani lokani accusative nom. lokani lokani gen. lokani genitive lokani lokieni lokaini rare partitive lokaani lokiani inessive loassani loissani elative loastani loistani illative lokaani lokiini adessive loallani loillani ablative loaltani loiltani allative loalleni loilleni essive lokanani lokinani translative loakseni loikseni abessive loattani loittani instructive — — comitative — lokineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative lokasi lokasi accusative nom. lokasi lokasi gen. lokasi genitive lokasi lokiesi lokaisi rare partitive lokaasi lokiasi inessive loassasi loissasi elative loastasi loistasi illative lokaasi lokiisi adessive loallasi loillasi ablative loaltasi loiltasi allative loallesi loillesi essive lokanasi lokinasi translative loaksesi loiksesi abessive loattasi loittasi instructive — — comitative — lokinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative lokamme lokamme accusative nom. lokamme lokamme gen. lokamme genitive lokamme lokiemme lokaimme rare partitive lokaamme lokiamme inessive loassamme loissamme elative loastamme loistamme illative lokaamme lokiimme adessive loallamme loillamme ablative loaltamme loiltamme allative loallemme loillemme essive lokanamme lokinamme translative loaksemme loiksemme abessive loattamme loittamme instructive — — comitative — lokinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative lokanne lokanne accusative nom. lokanne lokanne gen. lokanne genitive lokanne lokienne lokainne rare partitive lokaanne lokianne inessive loassanne loissanne elative loastanne loistanne illative lokaanne lokiinne adessive loallanne loillanne ablative loaltanne loiltanne allative loallenne loillenne essive lokananne lokinanne translative loaksenne loiksenne abessive loattanne loittanne instructive — — comitative — lokinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative lokansa lokansa accusative nom. lokansa lokansa gen. lokansa genitive lokansa lokiensa lokainsa rare partitive lokaansa lokiaan lokiansa inessive loassaan loassansa loissaan loissansa elative loastaan loastansa loistaan loistansa illative lokaansa lokiinsa adessive loallaan loallansa loillaan loillansa ablative loaltaan loaltansa loiltaan loiltansa allative loalleen loallensa loilleen loillensa essive lokanaan lokanansa lokinaan lokinansa translative loakseen loaksensa loikseen loiksensa abessive loattaan loattansa loittaan loittansa instructive — — comitative — lokineen lokinensa

Derived terms

adjectives

• lokainen

verbs

• loata
• lokaantua

compounds

• loanheitto
• loanheittäjä
• loka-auto
• lokakaivo
• lokakampanja
• lokakuu
• Lokalahti
• lokasuoja

Noun

loka

1. abbreviation of lokakuu (“October”)

Further reading

• “loka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Anagrams

• alko, kola, lako, olka

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɔːka/
• Rhymes: -ɔːka

Etymology 1

See lykja. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

loka f (genitive singular loku, nominative plural lokur)

1. latch, catch, bolt

   Synonym: klinka

2. (music) stop (device on a flute etc for covering the holes in order to vary the pitch, or knobs for bringing certain pipes into use on an organ)

   Synonym: loftop

Declension

Declension of loka (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	loka	lokan	lokur	lokurnar
accusative	loku	lokuna	lokur	lokurnar
dative	loku	lokunni	lokum	lokunum
genitive	loku	lokunnar	loka, lokna	lokanna, loknanna

Derived terms

• hjartaloka f
• bláæðaloka f
• ristilloka f

Etymology 2

See Etymology 1.

Verb

loka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative lokaði, supine lokað)

1. to close, to shut
2. to shut off

   Synonym: skrúfa fyrir

3. to lock

   Synonym: læsa

4. to barricade

   Synonym: þvergirða

5. to bolt

   Synonym: skjóta loku fyrir

6. to blockade

   Synonyms: teppa, halda í kví, halda í hafnbanni

7. (music) to stop, to close (a hole, e.g. on a flute) or press down (a string on a violin etc) in order to play a particular note

   Synonym: styðja á

Conjugation

loka – active voice (germynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að loka
supine sagnbót		lokað
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		lokandi
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	loka	lokaði		loki	lokaði
	þú	lokar	lokaðir		lokir	lokaðir
	hann, hún, það	lokar	lokaði		loki	lokaði
plural	við	lokum	lokuðum		lokum	lokuðum
	þið	lokið	lokuðuð		lokið	lokuðuð
	þeir, þær, þau	loka	lokuðu		loki	lokuðu
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	loka (þú), lokaðu
plural	þið	lokið (þið), lokiði1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

lokast – mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

infinitive nafnháttur		að lokast
supine sagnbót		lokast
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		lokandist (rare; see appendix)
		indicative framsöguháttur			subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
		present nútíð	past þátíð		present nútíð	past þátíð
singular	ég	lokast	lokaðist		lokist	lokaðist
	þú	lokast	lokaðist		lokist	lokaðist
	hann, hún, það	lokast	lokaðist		lokist	lokaðist
plural	við	lokumst	lokuðumst		lokumst	lokuðumst
	þið	lokist	lokuðust		lokist	lokuðust
	þeir, þær, þau	lokast	lokuðust		lokist	lokuðust
		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	lokast (þú), lokastu
plural	þið	lokist (þið), lokisti1

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

lokaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	lokaður	lokuð	lokað	lokaðir	lokaðar	lokuð
accusative (þolfall)	lokaðan	lokaða	lokað	lokaða	lokaðar	lokuð
dative (þágufall)	lokuðum	lokaðri	lokuðu	lokuðum	lokuðum	lokuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	lokaðs	lokaðrar	lokaðs	lokaðra	lokaðra	lokaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	lokaði	lokaða	lokaða	lokuðu	lokuðu	lokuðu
accusative (þolfall)	lokaða	lokuðu	lokaða	lokuðu	lokuðu	lokuðu
dative (þágufall)	lokaða	lokuðu	lokaða	lokuðu	lokuðu	lokuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	lokaða	lokuðu	lokaða	lokuðu	lokuðu	lokuðu

Derived terms

• loka inni

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (loka, “world, place”), from Sanskrit लोक (loka).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈloka/ [ˈlo.ka]
• Rhymes: -oka
• Syllabification: lo‧ka

Noun

loka (plural loka-loka) (chiefly obsolete, archaic or dialectal)

1. synonym of dunia (“world”)
2. synonym of tempat (“place”)

Verb

loka (active meloka)

1. (archaic or obsolete) synonym of lihat (“to see”)

Further reading

• “loka”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Latvian

Noun

loka m

1. genitive singular of loks

Adjective

loka

1. (dialectal) genitive masculine singular of loks
2. (dialectal) nominative feminine singular of loks

Lindu

Noun

loka

1. banana

Malay

Etymology

From Sanskrit लोक (loka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lo.ka/
• Hyphenation: lo‧ka

Noun

loka

1. (archaic) synonym of dunia (“world”)

Derived terms

• lokakarya
• syurgaloka

Further reading

• "loka" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluːka/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːka
• Hyphenation: lo‧ka

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• lokene

Noun

loka n

1. definite plural of lok

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• loket

Verb

loka

1. simple past and present perfect of loke

Anagrams

• kloa

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

loka n

1. definite plural of lok

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀮𑁄𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• लोक (Devanagari script)
• লোক (Bengali script)
• ලොක (Sinhalese script)
• လောက or လေႃၵ (Burmese script)
• โลก or โลกะ (Thai script)
• ᩃᩮᩣᨠ (Tai Tham script)
• ໂລກ or ໂລກະ (Lao script)
• លោក (Khmer script)
• 𑄣𑄮𑄇 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit लोक (loka). Cognate with Maharastri Prakrit 𑀮𑁄𑀅 (loa).

Noun

loka m

1. world

Declension

Declension table of "loka" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	loko	lokā
Accusative (second)	lokaṃ	loke
Instrumental (third)	lokena	lokehi or lokebhi
Dative (fourth)	lokassa or lokāya or lokatthaṃ	lokānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	lokasmā or lokamhā or lokā	lokehi or lokebhi
Genitive (sixth)	lokassa	lokānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	lokasmiṃ or lokamhi or loke	lokesu
Vocative (calling)	loka	lokā

Derived terms

• brahmaloka
• devaloka
• nāgaloka

Descendants

• → Burmese: လောက (lau:ka.)
• → Khmer: លោក (look)
• → Lao: ໂລກ (lōk, “world”)
• → Mon: လောက
• → Northern Thai: โลก, ᩃᩰ᩠ᨠ
• → Thai: โลก (lôok)

Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀nga.

Verb

loka

1. to be right

Sundanese

Etymology

From Sanskrit लोक (loka).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lo.ka/
• Hyphenation: lo‧ka

Noun

loka (Hanacaraka spelling ᮜᮧᮊ)

1. world

   Synonyms: jagat, dunya, alam

Derived terms

• ramatloka
• sawarga loka

Further reading

• Coolsma, S (1913), Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish loca (“crazy”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈloka/ [ˈloː.xɐ]
• Rhymes: -oka
• Syllabification: lo‧ka

Adjective

loka (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜃ)

1. (mildly derogatory) feminine of loko: insane; crazy; demented

   Synonyms: baliw, buang, sira-ulo

Derived terms

• ikaloka
• kalerki
• kaloka
• kalokahan
• loka-loka
• magpakaloka
• maloka
• nakaloloka
• naloka
• napakaloka
• pagkakaloka
• pagkaloka
• pampaloka
• pinakamaloka

Noun

loka (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜃ)

1. (mildly derogatory) female equivalent of loko: madwoman
2. (informal, colloquial, offensive) foolish or stupid person, especially one who is a female, effeminate man, or homosexual

Anagrams

• alok, kalo, lako

West Makian

Etymology

From East Makian [Term?]. Compare Balantak loka'.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈl̪o.ka/

Noun

loka

1. banana

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[2], Pacific linguistics