朽

朽 U+673D, 朽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-673D ← 朼 [U+673C] CJK Unified Ideographs 朾 → [U+673E]

Translingual

Han character

朽 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 木一女尸 (DMVS), four-corner 4192₇, composition ⿰木丂)

Derived characters

• 𪳋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 510, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14439
• Dae Jaweon: page 894, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1153, character 4
• Unihan data for U+673D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		朽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
丂	*kʰluːʔ
攷	*kʰluːʔ
考	*kʰluːʔ
烤	*kʰluːʔ
拷	*kʰluːʔ
栲	*kʰluːʔ
洘	*kʰluːʔ
銬	*kʰluːs
巧	*kʰruːʔ, *kʰruːs
朽	*qʰluʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰluʔ) : semantic 木 + phonetic 丂 (OC *kʰluːʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiǔ (xiu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau² / nau² / nau⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hiú

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hiu³

• Eastern Min (BUC): hiū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hiu³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hiú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiun² / hiu²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵shieu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siǒu
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu³
    • Yale: syǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheou
    • Palladius: сю (sju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jau² / nau² / nau⁵
    • Yale: yáu / náu / náuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau² / nau² / nau⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo² / neo² / neo⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯³⁵/, /nɐu̯³⁵/, /nɐu̯¹³/

Note: nau2 - common variant.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiú
    • Hakka Romanization System: hiu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hiu³
    • Sinological IPA: /hi̯u³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hiu³
    • Sinological IPA: /hiu³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hiū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieu³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hiu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiu⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hiu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiu³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiú
    • Tâi-lô: hiú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiuo
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiun² / hiu²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hiúⁿ / hiú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hĩũ⁵²/, /hiu⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵shieu
    • MiniDict: shieu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²xieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɤ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: xjuwX

Rime
Character	朽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許久切
Baxter	xjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨuX/
Pan Wuyun	/hiuX/
Shao Rongfen	/xiəuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/huwX/
Li Rong	/xiuX/
Wang Li	/xĭəuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ə̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰ(r)uʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰluʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	朽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ xjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰ(r)uʔ/
English	rot, decay
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	朽
Reading #	1/1
No.	7412
Phonetic component	丂
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	朽
Old Chinese	/*qʰluʔ/

Definitions

朽

1. decayed; rotten; decrepit
2. to rot; to decay

Compounds

• 三不朽
• 不朽 (bùxiǔ)
• 並垂不朽／并垂不朽
• 九朽一罷／九朽一罢
• 名傳不朽／名传不朽
• 名垂不朽
• 奔車朽索／奔车朽索
• 年朽
• 戶樞不朽／户枢不朽
• 拉朽
• 拉朽摧枯
• 摧枯拉朽 (cuīkū lāxiǔ)
• 木朽不雕
• 朽壞／朽坏 (xiǔhuài)
• 朽壤
• 朽敗／朽败 (xiǔbài)
• 朽木 (xiǔmù)
• 朽木不雕
• 朽木之才
• 朽木死灰
• 朽木糞土／朽木粪土
• 朽木糞牆／朽木粪墙 (xiǔmùfènqiáng)
• 朽木蟲／朽木虫
• 朽株枯木
• 朽棘不彫／朽棘不雕
• 朽爛／朽烂 (xiǔlàn)
• 朽蠹
• 朽邁／朽迈
• 枯木朽株
• 枯朽 (kūxiǔ)
• 枯莖朽骨／枯茎朽骨 (kūjīngxiǔgǔ)
• 根朽枝枯
• 樗朽之材
• 死且不朽
• 死而不朽
• 歿而不朽／殁而不朽
• 歿而無朽／殁而无朽
• 永傳不朽／永传不朽
• 永垂不朽 (yǒngchuíbùxiǔ)
• 永存不朽
• 沒而不朽／没而不朽
• 生枯起朽
• 粟紅貫朽／粟红贯朽
• 粟陳貫朽／粟陈贯朽
• 紅腐貫朽／红腐贯朽
• 老朽 (lǎoxiǔ)
• 老朽無用／老朽无用
• 腐朽 (fǔxiǔ)
• 薄田朽屋
• 衰朽 (shuāixiǔ)
• 貫朽／贯朽
• 貫朽粟紅／贯朽粟红
• 貫朽粟腐／贯朽粟腐
• 貫朽粟陳／贯朽粟陈
• 鏤冰雕朽／镂冰雕朽

 

References

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “朽”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 267.

Japanese

Kanji

朽

(Jōyō kanji)

1. decay

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)
• Kun: くちる (kuchiru, 朽ちる, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

朽 (eum 후 (hu))

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Vietnamese

Han character

朽: Hán Nôm readings: hủ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.