要る

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Japanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term

Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Derived from () (iru, to enter).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "要る"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
要る [ìrú]
Imperative (命令形) - - -
Key constructions
Passive 要られる られる [ìrárérú]
Causative 要らせる らせる [ìrásérú]
Potential - - -
Volitional 要ろう [ìróꜜò]
Negative 要らない らない [ìránáí]
Negative perfective 要らなかった らなかった [ìránáꜜkàttà]
Formal 要ります りま [ìrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 要った った [ìttá]
Conjunctive 要って って [ìtté]
Hypothetical conditional 要れば [ìréꜜbà]

Verb[edit]

() (iruintransitive godan (stem () (iri), past ()った (itta))

  1. to be necessary, to need
    (かね)()ります? — いいえ()りません
    Okane ga irimasu ka? — Īe, irimasen.
    Do you need money? — No, I don't need money.
    この(ほん)()ります
    Kono hon wa irimasu ka?
    Do you need this book?

Usage notes[edit]

Usually spelled in hiragana, with the kanji being used for formal contexts. The past form is falling out of use.[4]

Conjugation[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. ^ 「お金がいった」は、おかしい?, NHK, 2017