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入る

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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    Kanji in this term
    はい
    Grade: 1
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spellings
    這入る (obsolete)
    挿入る (neologism, sex)

    From older 這い入る (haiiru, older pronunciation faiiru), itself a compound of 這い (to crawl, continuative form) +‎ 入る (iru, to enter, to go in).[1][2][3][4]

    • /faiiru//fairu//hairu/

    This shortened hairu form is first attested from the early 1200s.[1]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]
    • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 入る
    Plain 入る いる [háꜜìrù]
    Conjunctive 入って いって [háꜜìttè]
    Perfective 入った いった [háꜜìttà]
    Negative 入らない いらない [hàíráꜜnàì]
    Negative perfective 入らなかった いらなかった [hàíráꜜnàkàttà]
    Hypothetical conditional 入れば いれば [háꜜìrèbà]
    Past conditional 入ったら いったら [háꜜìttàrà]
    Imperative 入れ いれ [háꜜìrè]
    Volitional 入ろう いろ [hàíróꜜò]
    Desiderative 入りたい いりた [hàírítáꜜì]
    Formal 入ります いりま [hàírímáꜜsù]
    Formal negative 入りません いりませ [hàírímáséꜜǹ]
    Formal volitional 入りましょう いりましょ [hàírímáshóꜜò]
    Formal perfective 入りました いりました [hàírímáꜜshìtà]
    Continuative 入り
    入りに
    いり
    いりに
    [háꜜìrì]
    [háꜜìrì nì]
    Negative continuative 入らず
    入らずに
    いら
    いらずに
    [hàíráꜜzù]
    [hàíráꜜzù nì]
    Passive 入られる いられ [hàíráréꜜrù]
    Causative 入らせる
    入らす
    いらせ
    いら
    [hàíráséꜜrù]
    [hàíráꜜsù]
    Potential 入れる いれ [hàíréꜜrù]

    Verb

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    (はい) (hairuintransitive godan (stem (はい) (hairi), past (はい)った (haitta))

    1. [from early 1200s] to enter, go into, get into a place or a thing
      ()()(はい)
      o-furo ni hairu
      get in the bath
      (たい)(さく)(けん)(とう)(はい)
      taisaku no kentō ni hairu
      enter countermeasure discussion → start discussing plans for countermeasures
      ()(れつ)(はい)ったタイヤ
      kiretsu ga haitta taiya
      tire with cracks that have entered it → a cracked tire
      Antonym: 出る (deru, to leave, to exit, to go out)
      1. [from early 1900s] to join a group or organization
    2. [from late 1700s] to be contained (in), to be included (in)
    3. to be a member of a group, set, category
      (せん)(せい)バナナおやつ(はい)りますか?
      Sensei, banana wa o-yatsu ni hairimasu ka?
      Teacher, do bananas count as snacks? (rhetorical question in popular culture)
    4. to be in a container, building, etc.
      • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典 / 新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 / 大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
        この()()には(ひゃく)(にん)(はい)れる
        Kono heya ni wa hyaku-nin haireru.
        In this room, one hundred people can enter → This room can contain a hundred people.
    5. [from 1869] to enter a period of time
      (れい)()()(だい)(はい)(ばん)(はい)
      Reiwa jidai ni hairu, ban ni hairu
      to enter the Reiwa era, to enter into evening
    6. [from 1902] to be included and available for use
      ノートに(けい)(はい)った
      nōto ni kei ga haitta
      in the notebook, lines are in it → the notebook has lines in it → the notebook has ruled pages
    7. 入る, 挿入る: (sex, specifically, of a penis, etc.) to enter
    Conjugation
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    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

    [edit]
      Kanji in this term

      Grade: 1
      kun'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      納る (rare)
      Japanese verb pair
      active ()れる
      mediopassive ()

      From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of 759.[6]

      For the development of the to be necessary sense, consider the English phrase to come into it in the sense to be a factor in something. In modern usage, this particular sense is more commonly spelled as 要る.

      Pronunciation

      [edit]
      • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 入る
      Plain 入る [ìrú]
      Conjunctive 入って って [ìtté]
      Perfective 入った った [ìttá]
      Negative 入らない らない [ìránáí]
      Negative perfective 入らなかった らなかった [ìránáꜜkàttà]
      Hypothetical conditional 入れば [ìréꜜbà]
      Past conditional 入ったら った [ìttáꜜrà]
      Imperative 入れ [ìré]
      Volitional 入ろう [ìróꜜò]
      Desiderative 入りたい りたい [ìrítáí]
      Formal 入ります りま [ìrímáꜜsù]
      Formal negative 入りません りませ [ìrímáséꜜǹ]
      Formal volitional 入りましょう りましょ [ìrímáshóꜜò]
      Formal perfective 入りました りました [ìrímáꜜshìtà]
      Continuative 入り
      入りに

      りに
      [ìrí]
      [ìrí ní]
      Negative continuative 入らず
      入らずに
      らず
      らずに
      [ìrázú]
      [ìrázú ní]
      Passive 入られる られる [ìrárérú]
      Causative 入らせる
      入らす
      らせる
      らす
      [ìrásérú]
      [ìrású]
      Potential 入れる れる [ìrérú]

      Verb

      [edit]

      () (iruintransitive godan (stem () (iri), past ()った (itta))

      1. [from 759] to go in; to come in
        • 2007, 新時代日漢辭典 / 新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局 / 大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
          (おれ)(みみ)(みず)()った
          Ore no mimi ni mizu ga itta
          Water went in my ear
      2. [from 900s] 要る: to be necessary, to be required
        (かね)いる
        okane ga iru ne
        money comes into it → money is needed → you'll need money
      Usage notes
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      • Mostly confined to fixed expressions and idioms.
      Conjugation
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      Idioms
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      [edit]

      Verb

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      () (irutransitive nidan

      1. to put something into something else
      Conjugation
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      Derived terms

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      References

      [edit]
      1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 はい・る[はひる] 【入・這入】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
      2. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
      3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
      4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
      5. 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
      6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 い・る 【入・要】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here