под

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See also: под-

Bulgarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Noun[edit]

под (podm

  1. floor (ground)
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *podъ. Equivalent to по (po, upon, at) +‎ (-d).

Preposition[edit]

под (pod)

  1. under
  2. below

Anagrams[edit]

Eastern Mari[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

под (pod)

  1. pot, cauldron
  2. boiler

Declension[edit]

Declension of под
singular plural
nominative под (pod) под-влак (pod-vlak)
accusative подым (podym) под-влакым (pod-vlakym)
genitive подын (podyn) под-влакын (pod-vlakyn)
dative подлан (podlan) под-влаклан (pod-vlaklan)
comitative подге (podge) под-влакге (pod-vlakge)
comparative подла (podla) под-влакла (pod-vlakla)
inessive подышто (podyšto) под-влакыште (pod-vlakyšte)
illative (short) подыш (podyš) под-влакыш (pod-vlakyš)
illative (long) подышко (podyško) под-влакышке (pod-vlakyške)
lative подеш (podeš) под-влакеш (pod-vlakeš)
Possessed forms of под
singular plural
1st person подем (podem) подна (podna)
2nd person подет (podet) подда (podda)
3rd person подшо (podšo) подышт (podyšt)

Derived terms[edit]

nouns

References[edit]

  • J. Bradley et al. (2023), “под”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

Macedonian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

под (podm (relational adjective поден)

  1. floor (ground)

Declension[edit]

Preposition[edit]

под (pod)

  1. under
    Кучето се скри под столот.Kučeto se skri pod stolot.The dog hid under the chair.
  2. below
    Тоа е закопано под земјата.Toa e zakopano pod zemjata.It is buried below the ground.

Russian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [pət]
  • IPA(key): [pɐt] (before a stressed syllable)
  • IPA(key): [ˈpot] (when stressed)
  • (file)
  • Homophone: пот (pot) (when stressed)

Preposition[edit]

под (pod)

  1. + accusative case
    1. under, below, beneath (movement to beneath a location)
      нырну́ть под во́дуnyrnútʹ pod vóduto dive underwater
      положи́ть под крова́тьpoložítʹ pod krovátʹto put under a bed
    2. under (beginning to fall under a condition, state or period of action)
      попа́сть под обстре́лpopástʹ pod obstrélto fall/come under fire
    3. towards, to
    4. approaching, slightly less than (a quantitative characteristic, such as weight, age, etc.)
      лет под со́рокlet pod sórokapproaching forty years old
    5. shortly before, towards, approaching (a time)
      под ве́черpod véčertowards/in the evening
      под коне́цpod konéctowards/in/at/by the end
    6. in imitation of, à la
      раскра́шенный под леопа́рдаraskrášennyj pod leopárdapainted to look like a leopard
      га́лстук под цвет фо́рмыgálstuk pod cvet fórmya tie to match the colour of a uniform
      под статьpod statʹto match
    7. for, suitable as
      уча́сток под строи́тельствоučástok pod stroítelʹstvoland for construction
      оста́вить уча́сток под карто́фельostávitʹ učástok pod kartófelʹto leave a plot for potatoes
      отвести́ помеще́ние под музе́йotvestí pomeščénije pod muzéjto set aside a room for a museum
      ту́мбочка под телеви́зорtúmbočka pod televízora bedside table for a television
      земля́ под хлебzemljá pod xlebground for bread
      гото́вый под посе́вgotóvyj pod posévready for sowing
      маленькую ко́мнату отвели́ под спа́льнюmalenʹkuju kómnatu otvelí pod spálʹnjua small room was taken as a bedroom
      корзи́на под карто́шкуkorzína pod kartóškubasket for potatoes
    8. to (a piece of music, the sound of...)
      засыпа́ть под пе́снюzasypátʹ pod pésnjuto fall asleep to a song
  2. + instrumental case
    1. under, below, beneath (being beneath a location)
      пла́вать под водо́йplávatʹ pod vodójto swim underwater
      под кры́шейpod krýšejunder a roof
    2. under (being under a condition, state or period of action)
      под руково́дствомpod rukovódstvomunder the leadership (of)
      под ви́домpod vídomunder the guise (of)
      под прикры́тиемpod prikrýtijemundercover / under the cover (of)
    3. near, by
      Сражéние под ПрóхоровкойSražénije pod PróxorovkojThe Battle of Prokhorovka (literally, “The Battle near Prokhorovka”)
      под руко́йpod rukójat/on hand
    4. at (an angle)
      под о́стрым угло́мpod óstrym uglómat an acute angle
Usage notes[edit]
  • подо (podo) is used before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-).

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

под (podm inan (genitive по́да, nominative plural поды́, genitive plural подо́в)

  1. (dated, rare) hearth, hearthstone
  2. (dated, rare) floor
Declension[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

по̏д m (Latin spelling pȍd)

  1. floor
    пасти на подto fall to the floor
  2. ground
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *podъ.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Preposition[edit]

по̏д (Latin spelling pȍd)

  1. under, beneath (with change of position, answering the question ку̀да) [+accusative]
    Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
    с(ј)ела је под стаблоshe sat under the tree
    пао је под влакhe fell under the train
  2. under, beneath (stationary, answering the question гдје̏/где̏) [+instrumental]
    Antonyms: и̏знад, на̏д
    она с(ј)еди под стабломshe is sitting under the tree
    под сунцемunder the sun
  3. under, beneath (being in a particular condition) [+instrumental]
    бити под сумњомto be under suspicion
    бити под притискомto be under pressure
    бити под дојмомto be under impression
    под оружјемunder arms
    бити под надзоромto be under supervision/surveillance
    бити под нечијом заштитомto be under someone's protection
    бити под нагласкомto be accented (stressed), to be under the accent (stress)
    писати под псеудонимомto write under the pen name, pseudonymously
    бити под заклетвомto be under oath
  4. near, toward, in (temporal, with nouns denoting a final temporal segment) [+accusative]
    под јесенtoward fall
    под крајnear the end
    под старостin one's old age
  5. during (temporal) [+instrumental]
    под одморомduring the (school) break
    под паузомduring the (job) break
    под сатомduring the (school) lesson
    под владавиномduring the reign of
  6. as, instead of, in lieu of [+accusative]
    покушати продати мркву под ротквуto try selling carrot as radish
  7. miscellaneous idiomatic meanings
    то је под морањеthat is obligatory
    бацити под ногеto reject, throw away
    небу под облакеfar away
    под ув(ј)етом/условом даunder the condition of, on the condition that
    под изговоромunder the pretext
    под Загребомnear Zagreb
    под Велебитомat the foot of Velebit, on the foothills of Velebit
    под коровомcovered/overgrown with weed
    ништа под (милим) богомabsolutely nothing
    под контролом (wитх генитиве)under the control (of)
    под тим(е) мислимby that I mean
    бити под антибиотицимаto be on antibiotics
    под правим кутомperpendicular