по

See also По, and Appendix:Variations of "po"

Bulgarian

Pronunciation 1

• (unstressed) IPA: /po/

Preposition

по (po)

1. used to indicate movement over a surface or movement bound to certain limits (usually continuous or repeating in time), on, over, through, along

   Вървя по улицата. - I am walking on the street.

2. introducing the object of a targeted action or for an action related to certain state, on, over, for

   Потупaх го по рамото. - I tapped him on the shoulder.

   Ударих го по главата. - I hit him on/over the head.

   Тъгувам по лятото. - I long for the summer.

3. in conjunction with countable nouns for price or quantity, expressing quantity, expressing distribution, by

   По евро за книга. - A euro for a book.

   Двама по двама. - Two by two.

   Тичам по малко (всеки ден). - I am running a little (every day).

4. expressing approximate time

   По обед. - Around lunchtime.

   По Коледа. - Around Christmas.

5. used to describe attire, with ... on

   Ходя по чорапи. - I am walking with my socks on.

6. used to indicate means, by, via, on

   Пращам го по автобус. - I am sending it by bus.

   Пращам го по въздушна поща. - I am sending it via airmail.

   Говоря по телефона. - I am talking on the phone.

7. indicating an activity or it's domain, of

   Учител по история. - History teacher.

   Факултет по физика. - Faculty of physics.

8. according to, based on, by, of

   Съдя го по външността му. - I am judging him by his appearance.

   Работя по усмотрение. - I work of my own accord.

9. used to indicate cause, by

   Пропуснато е по погрешка. - It is missed by mistake.

   По негова вина закъснях. - It is his fault I was late.

10. used to indicate direction, along

    Плувам по течението. - I am swimming along the current.

    Ходя по пътеката. - I am walking along the path.

Pronunciation 2

• (stressed) IPA: /pɔ/

Particle

по (po)

1. used as a prefix to form comparative for adjectives and adverbs, more

   Корабите са по-бавни от самолетите. - Ships are slower than airplanes.

   Този филм е по-интересен. - This film is more interesting.

   Трябва да ходя по-бързо. - I should walk faster.

пò (pó)

1. used for nouns, verbs and other parts of speech to form a comparative, more

   Пò я обичам! - I love her more!

   Той е пò юнак от теб. - He is more of a hero than you.

2. used before prepositions to form a comparative, more

   Областта е пò на север. - The region is more northwards.

See also

• повече

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Nenets

Noun

по

1. year

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Old Church Slavonic

Preposition

по (po)

1. along
2. on
3. after
4. by

References

• Mali staroslavensko-hrvatski rječnik, Matica hrvatska, Zagreb, 2004

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Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *po.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /po/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

по (po)

• With accusative case

1. up to
2. till
3. indicates distribution (with numbers other than one, a thousand, a million, a billion)

   • по́ два (две) / по две́сти — two / two hundred each

• With dative case

1. along
2. over
3. on
4. according to
5. indicates the direct object of some verbs of striking or hitting

   • нанести́ уда́р по я́дерным объе́ктам Ира́на — to launch a strike at Iran's nuclear ambitions

6. indicates repetition of time
7. indicates distribution (with numbers one, a thousand, a million, a billion)

   • по одному́ (одно́й) / по ты́сяче / по миллио́ну / по миллиа́рду — one / a thousand / a million / a billion each

• With prepositional case

1. after
2. for

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From пол, from Proto-Slavic *polъ. See по-.

Alternative forms

• по̑л

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pôː/

Adverb

по̑ (Latin spelling pȏ)

1. half

   сат и по — hour and a half

   четири и по — four thirty

   чов(ј)ек и по — an excellent man

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *po, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)po.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pô/

Preposition

по̏ (Roman spelling pȍ)

1. (with accusative) for

   отићи по мл(иј)еко — to go and get the milk

   по ц(иј)ели дан — all day long

   по шести пут — for the sixth time

   бити штетан по некога/нешто — to be harmful for sb/sth

   добро/лоше по њега — good/bad for him

2. (with locative) over, through, across, in, on

   ударити по глави — to hit on the head

   сн(иј)ег је пао по цести — snow fell on the road

   вода се пролила по поду — water spilled over the floor

   шетати по шуми — to walk in the woods

3. (with locative) by, with (using an intermediary)

   послао сам му пакет по заједничком пријатељу — I've sent him a package with a common friend

4. (with locative) by, according to

   све иде по плану — everything is going according to the plan

   по глави становника — per capita

   жив(ј)ети по принципима — to live according to principles

   по мом(е) мишљењу — in my opinion

   по мом рачуну — by my reckoning

   по мени — in my opinion; as far as I'm concerned

   по зраку/води — by air/water

   по запов(иј)ед — by order

   свирати по слуху — to play by the ear

   судити по вањштини — to judge by appearance

5. (with locative) after

   по свршетку сукоба — after (the end of) the conflict

6. (with locative) during

   по киши/сунцу — in the rain/sun

   по дану — during the day

7. (with locative) in miscellaneous senses in various phrasal constructs

   разум(иј)е се (само) по себи — it goes without saying

   нека буде по твоме — let it be your way

   Амерка је прва држава по богатству у св(иј)ету — America is the richest country in the world

   једнак по величини — equal in size

   све је по старом — everything is/goes in the accustomed/usual manner

   по обичају — as usual, according to custom

   по вр(иј)едности — in value

   по свој прилици — in all likelihood

   по роду — by birth

   по нарави/природи — in nature

   по тој ц(иј)ени — at this price

   по параграфу 13 — under section 13

   по што по то — by all means

   по могућности — if possible

   по реду — in order, one after another

   по мом укусу — (according) to my taste

   по квалитети — by quality

   по томе — according to this/that, accordingly, consequently, then

   по закону — according to the law, by the law

   по дуљини — lengthwise

Etymology 3

Particle

по (Roman spelling po)

1. (with accusative or nominative) denoting distribution and succession

   попили смо сви по чашицу ракије — we all drank a glass of rakija

   корак по корак — step by step

   један по један — one by one

   мало по мало — little by little

   сви смо добили по јабуку — each of us received an apple

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Tajik

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”), cognates include Sanskrit पद् (pád), Latin pes ( > French pied), German Fuß, English foot.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /pɔː/

Noun

Dari	پا‍
Iranian Persian	پا‍
Tajik	‍по‍

по • (po)

1. leg, foot

See also

• пой (poy)