down

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Contents 1 English 1.1 Pronunciation 1.2 Etymology 1 1.2.1 Noun 1.2.1.1 Translations 1.3 Etymology 2 1.3.1 Adverb 1.3.1.1 Translations 1.3.2 Preposition 1.3.2.1 Translations 1.3.3 Adjective 1.3.3.1 Translations 1.3.4 Verb 1.3.4.1 Translations 1.3.5 Noun 1.3.5.1 Translations 1.3.6 Derived terms 1.4 Etymology 3 1.4.1 Noun 1.4.1.1 Translations 2 Dutch 2.1 Etymology 2.2 Pronunciation 2.3 Adjective 2.3.1 Synonyms 3 German 3.1 Etymology 3.2 Adjective

[edit] English

[edit] Pronunciation

• IPA: /daʊn/, SAMPA: /daUn/
•  Audio (US)^{help, file}
• Rhymes: -aʊn

[edit] Etymology 1

Old English dūn. Cognate with Middle Dutch dune "sandy hill," Old Irish dún "hill, fort." Note the second syllable of London, Verdun, etc. From Proto-Germanic *dana (“‘prefix used before verbs (eg: dana-zeran, ‘to tear down’)’”). Compare dune, town.

[edit] Noun

down (countable and uncountable; plural downs)

1. (obsolete except in place-names) Hill, rolling grassland (such as "Churchill Downs", "Upson Downs" from Auntie Mame, by Patrick Dennis).
2. (usually plural) Field, especially for racing.

[edit] Translations

[edit] Etymology 2

Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from of dūne (“‘off the hill’”).

[edit] Adverb

down (incomparable and comparable), (comparative farther down, superlative farthest down)

1. (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
   • The cat jumped down from the table.
2. (comparable) At a lower place or position.
   • His place is farther down the road.
3. South (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
   • I went down to Miami for a conference.
4. (Hiberno English) Away from the city (even if the location is to the North).
   • He went down to Cavan. Down on the farm. Down country.
5. Into a state of non-operation.
   • The computer has been shut down.
   • They closed the shop down.
6. (rail transport) Traditional term for the direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
7. (sentence substitute) Get down.

   Down, boy! (said to a dog)

[edit] Translations

[edit] Preposition

down

1. From one end to another; especially, from a higher end to a lower.
   • The ball rolled down the hill.
   • The bus went down the street.
   • They walked down the beach holding hands.

[edit] Translations

[edit] Adjective

down (comparative more down, superlative most down)

1. Depressed, feeling low.

   So, things got you down? / Is Rodney Dangerfield giving you no respect? / Well, bunky, cheer up!

2. On a lower level than before.

   The stock market is down.

   Prices are down.

3. (colloquial) With "on", negative about, hostile to

   Ever since Nixon, I've been down on Republicans.

4. (not comparable, US, slang) With "with", relaxed about, accepting of

   I'm down with him hanging with us.

5. (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.

   The system is down.

6. Of a task; finished in phrases like

   Two down and three to go. (Two tasks completed and three more still to be done.)

[edit] Translations

[edit] Verb

to down (third-person singular simple present downs, present participle downing, simple past and past participle downed)

1. (transitive) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.

   He downed an ale and ordered another.

2. (transitive) To cause to come down.

   The storm downed several old trees along the highway.

3. (transitive, pocket billiards) To put a ball in a pocket; to pot a ball.

   He downed two balls on the break.

4. (transitive, American football) To bring a play to an end by touching the ball to the ground or while it is on the ground.

   He downed it at the seven-yard line.

[edit] Translations

[edit] Noun

down (plural downs)

1. (American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
   • I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.

[edit] Translations

[edit] Derived terms

[edit] Etymology 3

From Old Norse dún.

[edit] Noun

down (plural downs)

1. Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.

[edit] Translations

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[edit] Dutch

[edit] Etymology

From English down.

[edit] Pronunciation

• IPA: /daʊn/

[edit] Adjective

down (used only predicatively)

1. Down, depressed.

[edit] Synonyms

• depressief, depri

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[edit] German

[edit] Etymology

From English down.

[edit] Adjective

down (not comparable)

1. Down, depressed.