down
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English [edit]
Pronunciation [edit]
Etymology 1 [edit]
Middle English doun, from Old English dūn, from British Celtic dunon 'hill; hillfort' (compare Welsh din 'hill', Irish dún 'hill, fort'), from Proto-Indo-European *dheue or dhwene. More at town; akin to dune.
Noun [edit]
down (countable and uncountable; plural downs)
- (archaic except in place-names) Hill, rolling grassland
- Churchill Downs, Upson Downs (from Auntie Mame, by Patrick Dennis).
- 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 4 scene 1
- (usually plural) Field, especially for racing.
Translations [edit]
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Etymology 2 [edit]
Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from of dūne (“off the hill”).
Adverb [edit]
down (incomparable and comparable), (comparative farther down, superlative farthest down)
- (comparable) From a higher position to a lower one; downwards.
- The cat jumped down from the table.
- (comparable) At a lower place or position.
- His place is farther down the road.
- South (as south is at the bottom of typical maps).
- I went down to Miami for a conference.
- (Ireland) Away from the city (even if the location is to the North).
- He went down to Cavan.
- Down on the farm.
- Down country.
- Into a state of non-operation.
- The computer has been shut down.
- They closed the shop down.
- The up escalator is down.
- (rail transport) The direction leading away from the principal terminus, away from milepost zero.
- (sentence substitute) Get down.
- Down, boy! (said to a dog)
- (UK, academia) Away from Oxford or Cambridge.
- He's gone back down to Newcastle for Christmas.
Antonyms [edit]
- (From a higher position to a lower one): up
- (At a lower place): up
- (Ireland: Away from the city): up
- (Into a state of non-operation): up
- (Rail transport: direction leading away from the principal terminus): up
Derived terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Preposition [edit]
down
- From the higher end to the lower of.
- The ball rolled down the hill.
- From one end to another of.
- The bus went down the street.
- They walked down the beach holding hands.
Antonyms [edit]
- (From the higher end to the lower): up
Derived terms [edit]
- (from the higher end to the lower): sell down the river
Translations [edit]
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Adjective [edit]
down (comparative more down, superlative most down)
- Depressed, feeling low.
- So, things got you down? / Is Rodney Dangerfield giving you no respect? / Well, bunky, cheer up!
- On a lower level than before.
- The stock market is down.
- Prices are down.
- Having a lower score than an opponent.
- They are down by 3-0 with just 5 minutes to play.
- He was down by a bishop and a pawn after 15 moves.
- At 5-1 down, she produced a great comeback to win the set on a tiebreak.
- (colloquial) With "on", negative about, hostile to
- Ever since Nixon, I've been down on Republicans.
- (not comparable, US, slang)Frequently used prior to "with" or "to", relaxed about, accepting of
- Are you down to hang out at the mall Jamal?
- As long as you're down with helping me pick a phone Tyrone.
- (not comparable) Inoperable; out of order; out of service.
- The system is down.
- finished (of a task)
- Two down and three to go. (Two tasks completed and three more still to be done.)
- Committed to memory; memorised, in phrases like:
- It's two weeks until opening night and our lines are still not down yet.
Antonyms [edit]
Translations [edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
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Verb [edit]
down (third-person singular simple present downs, present participle downing, simple past and past participle downed)
- (transitive) To drink or swallow, especially without stopping before the vessel containing the liquid is empty.
- He downed an ale and ordered another.
- (transitive) To cause to come down; to knock down or subdue.
- The storm downed several old trees along the highway.
- Sir Philip Sidney
- To down proud hearts.
- Madame D'Arblay
- I remember how you downed Beauclerk and Hamilton, the wits, once at our house.
- (transitive, pocket billiards) To put a ball in a pocket; to pot a ball.
- He downed two balls on the break.
- (transitive, American football) To bring a play to an end by touching the ball to the ground or while it is on the ground.
- He downed it at the seven-yard line.
- (transitive) To write off; to make fun of.
- (obsolete, intransitive) To go down; to descend.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of John Locke to this entry?)
Synonyms [edit]
- (drink): See also Wikisaurus:drink
Translations [edit]
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Noun [edit]
down (plural downs)
- a negative aspect; a downer.
- I love almost everything about my job. The only down is that I can't take Saturdays off.
- (dated) A grudge (on someone).
- 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 10:
- She had a down on me. I don't know what for, I'm sure; because I never said a word.
- 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 10:
- An act of swallowing an entire drink in one.
- (American football) A single play, from the time the ball is snapped (the start) to the time the whistle is blown (the end) when the ball is down, or is downed.
- I bet after the third down, the kicker will replace the quarterback on the field.
- (crosswords) A clue whose solution runs vertically in the grid.
- I haven't solved 12 or 13 across, but I've got most of the downs.
Translations [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
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References [edit]
- Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8
Etymology 3 [edit]
From Old Norse dún.
Noun [edit]
down (plural downs)
- Soft, fluffy immature feathers which grow on young birds. Used as insulating material in duvets, sleeping bags and jackets.
Translations [edit]
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Statistics [edit]
Dutch [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From English down.
Pronunciation [edit]
- IPA: /dʌu̯n/
Adjective [edit]
down (used only predicatively, comparative meer down, superlative meest down)
Synonyms [edit]
Anagrams [edit]
German [edit]
Etymology [edit]
From English down.
Adjective [edit]
down (not comparable)
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