llevar

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Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Catalan levar, from Latin levāre.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

llevar (first-person singular present llevo, first-person singular preterite lleví, past participle llevat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /e/

  1. (transitive) to remove, to take out
  2. (transitive) to raise, to lift, to help get up
  3. (reflexive) to get up
  4. (intransitive) to rise
  5. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to get up, to get out of bed

Conjugation[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • “llevar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Further reading[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Old Spanish levar, from Latin levāre. The initial /ʎ/ developed from an earlier /lj/ in rhizotonic conjugations such as lieva (< Latin lĕvat), where it resulted from the diphthongization of stressed Latin /ĕ/ to /je/. Eventually /ʎ-/ spread to the entire verb paradigm by analogy.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

 
  • IPA(key): (most of Spain and Latin America) /ʝeˈbaɾ/ [ɟ͡ʝeˈβ̞aɾ]
  • IPA(key): (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains) /ʎeˈbaɾ/ [ʎeˈβ̞aɾ]
  • IPA(key): (Buenos Aires and environs) /ʃeˈbaɾ/ [ʃeˈβ̞aɾ]
  • IPA(key): (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ʒeˈbaɾ/ [ʒeˈβ̞aɾ]

  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: lle‧var

Verb[edit]

llevar (first-person singular present llevo, first-person singular preterite llevé, past participle llevado)

  1. (transitive) to take, to carry, to take away, to carry away, to carry around, to bring, to bear, to lug (implies to move something further from who speaks)
    Synonym: traer
    Antonym: quitar
    Le llevaré un regalo a Rosa para su cumpleaños.
    I will take a present to Rosa for her birthday.
    • 2013, Ellis Peters, El gorrión del santuario[1]:
      Padre, y tú, Daniel, llevadla a la cama. No tiene ningún hueso roto y no siente nada.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. (transitive) to take, to take out (implies moving someone further from the speaker)
    Llevamos a las chicas al cine.
    We're taking the girls to the movies.
  3. (intransitive, or transitive with a) to lead, to lead to, to drive, to drive to
    A la luz de esos resultados, todo esto lleva a la conclusión de que hay que idear métodos alternativos.
    In light of those findings, all this leads to the conclusion that alternative methods should be devised.
  4. (transitive, with gerund) to have spent time, have been
    Llevo seis años aquí.
    I've been here 6 years.
    Llevo dos años estudiando francés.
    I've been studying French for two years.
    Llevamos más de 30 años casados.
    We've been married for more than 30 years.
  5. (transitive) to wear (ellipsis of the more formal llevar puesto)
    Synonym: (ellipsis of traer puesto) traer
    Llevaba una blusa rosa.
    She was wearing a pink blouse.
  6. (transitive) to have, include (have as a component, part, accessory or ingredient)
    Synonym: traer
    Si es quesadilla lleva queso, si no lleva queso, no es quesadilla.
    If it is a quesadilla, it has cheese; if it does not have cheese it is not a quesadilla.
    (phrase used in the Mexican provinces to debate the usage of the word quesadilla in Mexico City)
    Esta palabra no lleva acento.
    This word does not have an accent mark.
  7. (transitive) to give a lift, to give a ride
  8. (colloquial) to hold up, to be doing, to cope
    ¿Cómo lo llevas?How are you holding up?
  9. (reflexive) to wear
  10. (reflexive) (informal) to be in, to be fashionable

Usage notes[edit]

  • In the sense of "carry" or "move", llevar and traer are antonyms in the origin and destination of the action, but between them they are used as synonyms.

Conjugation[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1984), “llevar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 731

Further reading[edit]