sukāt

See also: sukat, šukat, and sūkāt

Latvian

Sukāt linus (3)

Sukāt matus (1)

Etymology

From the same stem as suka (“brush”) (q.v.), made into a second conjugation verb stem (ending -āt).

Verb

sukāt (transitive, 2nd conjugation, present sukāju, sukā, sukā, past sukāju)

1. (of people) to brush, to comb (to smooth one's hair with a brush, a comb)

   sukāt matus ― to brush one's hair

   sukāt galvu ― to brush one's head (= hair)

   jo intensīvāk matus sukā, jo tiem dabiskāks kritums ― the more intensively (one) brushes (one's) hair, the more naturally they fall

   kauna, kauna tev, meitiņa, / nesukāti tev matiņi! ― shame, shame on you, girl / your hair is not brushed (unkempt)

2. (of animals) to brush (to smooth, also to clean, an animal, its fur, with a brush)

   kučieris staļļa priekšā sukā un tīra zirgus ― the coachman brushes and cleans the horses in front of the stable

3. (of flax, hemp and similar plants) to heckle, to comb with a heckle (to pull the fiberss through a heckle — a brush-like instrument — in order to remove the straw from the fibers)

   sukāt linus ― to comb, to heckle flax

   nu viņa izskatījās visa kā sukātu linu sauja ― now she looked as if she were combing some flax

4. (colloquial) to birch, to thrash, to beat, usually as punishment

   nu atkal māte sukās par nedarbiem ― now again mother will thrash me for (my) mischief

   “Labdien, cienījams skolas kungs!” māte sveicināja paklanīdamās un stūma dēlu uz priekšu: “atvedu jums ko sukāt vienu palaidni” ― “good morning, honored school principal!” the mother greeted with abow and pushed (her) son forward: “I am bringing you a mischief-maker to punish”

5. (colloquial) to gobble, to eat hastily, with great appetite

   sukāt maizi ― to eat, to gobble (lit. brush) bread

   sukā tikai visu nost! ― just eat (lit. brush) it all up!

   te pārdevēji katru brīdi varēja sēst klāt un sukāt par velti kunga speķi un kāpostus ― here the salesmen could at any moment sit down and quickly eat bacon and cabbage for free

   tikko ticis atpakaļ laivā, šis jau raisa maisu vaļā un ņemas sukāt, it kā ābolu neredzējis ― as soon as he was back on the boat, he opened the bag and started eating (lit. brushing), as if he hadn't seen the apple

6. (colloquial) to go fast, to run

   tur būs labs gabals ko sukāt ― there will be a lot (of distance) to run (lit. to brush) there

   līdz tilta viņam galam ir krietni ko sukāt ― to the bridge he really had a lot (of distance) to run (lit. to brush)

   sukājām kājām pa šoseju ― we ran (lit. brushed) on foot on the road

Conjugation

conjugation of sukāt

	INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme)				IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme)
		Present (tagadne)	Past (pagātne)	Future (nākotne)
1st pers. sg.	es	sukāju	sukāju	sukāšu	—
2nd pers. sg.	tu	sukā	sukāji	sukāsi	sukā
3rd pers. sg.	viņš, viņa	sukā	sukāja	sukās	lai sukā
1st pers. pl.	mēs	sukājam	sukājām	sukāsim	sukāsim
2nd pers. pl.	jūs	sukājat	sukājāt	sukāsiet, sukāsit	sukājiet
3rd pers. pl.	viņi, viņas	sukā	sukāja	sukās	lai sukā
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme)			PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present	sukājot		Present Active 1 (Adj.)		sukājošs
Past	esot sukājis		Present Active 2 (Adv.)		sukādams
Future	sukāšot		Present Active 3 (Adv.)		sukājot
Imperative	lai sukājot		Present Active 4 (Obj.)		sukājam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme)			Past Active		sukājis
Present	sukātu		Present Passive		sukājams
Past	būtu sukājis		Past Passive		sukāts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme)			NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative	(būt) jāsukā		Infinitive (nenoteiksme)		sukāt
Conjunctive 1	esot jāsukā		Negative Infinitive		nesukāt
Conjunctive 2	jāsukājot		Verbal noun		sukāšana

Synonyms

• (of "brushing, combing"): ķemmēt
• (of "thrashing, beating"): pērt
• (of "gobbling"): locīt
• (of "running"): skriet

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

• atsukāt
• iesukāt
• izsukāt
• nosukāt
• pasukāt
• pārsukāt
• piesukāt
• sasukāt
• uzsukāt

other derived terms:

• sukāties

Related terms

• suka