株

株 U+682A, 株 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-682A ← 栩 [U+6829] CJK Unified Ideographs 栫 → [U+682B]

㊑ U+3291, ㊑ CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH STOCK ← ㊐ [U+3290] Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊒ → [U+3292]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

株 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木竹十木 (DHJD), four-corner 4599₀, composition ⿰木朱)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 523, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14723
• Dae Jaweon: page 911, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1199, character 10
• Unihan data for U+682A

Chinese

simp. and trad.		株

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (朱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
咮	*tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo
株	*to
誅	*to
邾	*to
鼄	*to
跦	*to
袾	*to, *tʰjo
鴸	*to, *tjo
蛛	*to
殊	*to, *djo
趎	*do
珠	*tjo
朱	*tjo
侏	*tjo
絑	*tjo
祩	*tjo, *tjos
鮢	*tjo
硃	*tjo
姝	*tʰjo
銖	*djo
茱	*djo
洙	*djo
陎	*djo

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *to) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).

Etymology

Perhaps Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟhooʔ (“tree; wood”), whence Mon ဆု (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhū (zhu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu¹

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tu / ti / chu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): du¹ / zu¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
    • Wade–Giles: chu¹
    • Yale: jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyu¹
    • Yale: jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu
    • Tâi-lô: tu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tu⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tu³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti
    • Tâi-lô: ti
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
    • Tâi-lô: tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: du¹ / zu¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tu / tsu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu³³/, /t͡su³³/

Note:

• du1 - vernacular;
• zu1 - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: trju

Rime
Character	株
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	陟輸切
Baxter	trju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈio/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuə̆/
Li Rong	/ȶio/
Wang Li	/ȶĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tro/

  (Zhengzhang): /*to/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	株
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhū
Middle Chinese	‹ trju ›
Old Chinese	/*tro/
English	tree root, stem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	株
Reading #	1/1
No.	17557
Phonetic component	朱
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	株
Old Chinese	/*to/
Notes	朱轉註字

Definitions

株

1. tree stump

   守株待兔  ―  shǒuzhūdàitù  ―  (literally) to watch a tree stump waiting for a rabbit

2. plant
3. Classifier for plants. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

   • 千株老柏，萬節修篁。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     千株老柏，万节修篁。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE

     Qiān zhū lǎo bǎi, wàn jié xiū huáng. [Pinyin]

     A thousand stalks of old cypress, ten thousand stems of tall bamboo.

4. Classifier for viruses.
5. root

Synonyms

• (plant):

edit

• 植 (zhí) (literary, or in compounds)
• 植株 (zhízhū)
• 植物 (zhíwù)
• 植被 (zhíbèi)
• 歲物／岁物 (suìwù) (literary)
• 綠色植物／绿色植物 (lǜsè zhíwù)
• 花卉 (huāhuì)
• 花草 (huācǎo)
• 草木 (cǎomù)

 

• (classifier for plants):

Dialectal synonyms of 棵 (“(classifier for plants)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		本, 株
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		棵, 株
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	棵
	Taiwan	棵
	Ulanhot	棵
	Tongliao	棵
	Chifeng	棵
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	棵
	Singapore	棵
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	棵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	棵
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	棵
	Wanrong	棵
	Xi'an	個, 棵
	Xining	棵
	Xuzhou	棵
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	個
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	棵
	Bayanhot	棵
	Lanzhou	棵
	Ürümqi	棵
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	根, 窩
	Wuhan	棵
	Guiyang	棵
	Guilin	蔸
	Liuzhou	蔸, 樖
	Nanning (Fujian)	蔸
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	棵
	Yangzhou	棵
	Nantong	棵
	Hefei	棵
Cantonese	Guangzhou	樖, 蔸
	Hong Kong	樖
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	樖, 蔸
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	樖
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	樖
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	樖
	Macau	樖
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	樖
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	樖
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	樖
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	樖
	Foshan	樖
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	樖
	Foshan (Shunde)	樖
	Foshan (Sanshui)	樖
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	樖
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	樖
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	樖
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	蔸, 樖
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蔸
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蔸
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蔸
	Taishan	蔸
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蔸
	Enping (Niujiang)	蔸
	Heshan (Yayao)	蔸
	Dongguan	蔸
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	樖
	Qingyuan	樖
	Fogang	樖
	Yingde (Hanguang)	樖
	Yangshan	蔸
	Lianshan (Butian)	蔸
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	蔸
	Shaoguan	樖
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	樖
	Renhua	蔸
	Lechang	樖
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	樖
	Sihui	樖
	Guangning	條
	Deqing	樖
	Huaiji	蔸
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	樖
	Yunfu	樖
	Xinxing	樖
	Luoding	樖
	Yunan (Pingtai)	樖
	Yangjiang	蔸
	Xinyi	樖
	Lianjiang	棵
	Nanning	樖, 蔸
	Wuzhou	樖
	Yulin	樖, 蔸
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	條
	Guiping	樖
	Mengshan (Xihe)	樖
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	蔸
	Baise	樖
	Bobai	蔸
	Lingshan	蔸
	Pubei	蔸
	Qinzhou	蔸
	Beihai	蔸
Ningming	樖
Hengzhou	蔸
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	棵
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	樖
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	樖
Gan	Nanchang	蔸, 棵
	Lichuan	頭, 棵
	Pingxiang	隻, 蔸
Hakka	Meixian	條, 墩
	Xingning	條, 頭, 樖
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	蔸
	Huidong (Daling)	樖
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	樖
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	樖
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	樖
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	條
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	條
	Wuhua (Changbu)	條
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	條
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	堆
	Wengyuan	鬥
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	樖
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	根
	Liannan	蔸
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	樖
	Jiexi	頭
	Luhe	堆
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	支
	Changting	蔸
	Wuping	頭
	Wuping (Yanqian)	頭
	Wuping (Pingyu)	頭
	Liancheng	蔸, 叢
	Ninghua	頭
	Yudu	頭
	Ningdu	頭
	Ruijin	頭
	Shicheng	頭
	Shangyou (Shexi)	頭
	Tonggu (Sandu)	蔸
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	蔸
	Dayu	蔸
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	頭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	頭
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	頭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	頭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	頭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	頭
	Hong Kong	樖
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	蔸
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	蔸
	Xinyi (Sihe)	樖
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	樖
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	條
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	頭
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	條
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	條
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	條
	Mengshan (Xihe)	樖
	Luchuan	樖
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	條
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	條
	Mashan (Pianlian)	條
	Sabah (Longchuan)	樖
	Senai (Huiyang)	樖
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	頭
	Singkawang	頭
Huizhou	Jixi	棵
Jin	Taiyuan	朳, 棵
	Pingyao	朳
	Xinzhou	蔔
	Taibus (Baochang)	棵
	Linhe	苗
	Jining	棵
	Hohhot	棵
	Baotou	棵
	Dongsheng	苗
	Haibowan	棵
Northern Min	Jian'ou	叢
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	蔸
	Songxi	叢
	Zhenghe	叢
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	枝
	Jianyang	叢, 枝
	Wuyishan	叢
	Pucheng (Shibei)	叢
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	蔸
	Fuzhou (Changle)	蔸
	Fuqing	蔸
	Pingtan	蔸
	Yongtai	蔸
	Gutian	蔸
	Fu'an	蔸
	Ningde	蔸
	Shouning	蔸, 蓬
	Zhouning	蔸
	Fuding	蔸
Southern Min	Xiamen	叢
	Quanzhou	叢
	Jinjiang	叢
	Yongchun	叢
	Zhangzhou	叢
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	叢
	Taipei	叢
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	叢
	Kaohsiung	叢
	Yilan	叢
	Changhua (Lukang)	叢
	Taichung	叢
	Tainan	叢
	Hsinchu	叢
	Kinmen	叢
	Penghu (Magong)	叢
	Penang (Hokkien)	叢
	Singapore (Hokkien)	叢
	Manila (Hokkien)	叢
	Longyan	頭
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	叢
	Datian	蔸
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	樖
	Chaozhou	叢
	Shantou	叢
	Jieyang	叢, 蔸
	Bangkok (Teochew)	叢
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	叢
	Leizhou	叢
	Haikou	叢
Puxian Min	Putian	蔸
	Xianyou	蔸
Central Min	Yong'an	叢
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	叢
	Sanming (Shaxian)	叢
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	樖
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	樖
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	樖, 蔸
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蔸, 樖
Shehua	Fu'an	蔸
	Fuding	蔸
	Luoyuan	蔸
	Sanming	蔸
	Shunchang	蔸
	Hua'an	蔸
	Guixi (Zhangping)	蔸
	Cangnan	蔸
	Jingning (Hexi)	蔸
	Lishui	蔸
	Longyou	蔸
	Fengshun	蔸
Wu	Shanghai	棵
	Shanghai (Chongming)	棵
	Suzhou	棵
	Wuxi	棵
	Danyang	棵
	Hangzhou	棵
	Ningbo	棵
	Wenzhou	株
	Jinhua	根
Xiang	Changsha	棵, 隻
	Xiangtan	線
	Loudi	蔸
	Shuangfeng	隻
	Quanzhou	棵

Compounds

• 五株
• 伏櫪守株／伏枥守株
• 分株繁殖
• 削株掘根
• 劣株
• 守株
• 守株伺兔
• 守株待兔 (shǒuzhūdàitù)
• 宋株
• 幼株
• 待兔守株
• 攣株／挛株
• 朽株
• 朽株枯木
• 杜門株守／杜门株守
• 枯木朽株
• 枯株
• 枯株朽木
• 株坐
• 株塊／株块
• 株守 (zhūshǒu)
• 株式會社／株式会社 (zhūshì huìshè)
• 株引
• 株待
• 株戮
• 株拘
• 株木
• 株林
• 株柢
• 株枸
• 桑株 (Sāngzhū)
• 根株
• 根株牽連／根株牵连
• 根株結盤／根株结盘
• 根株附麗／根株附丽
• 株楹
• 株榾
• 株檽
• 株櫱／株蘖
• 株洲 (Zhūzhōu, “Zhuzhou”)
• 株累
• 株翦
• 株聯／株联
• 株蔓
• 株距 (zhūjù)
• 株送徒
• 株連／株连 (zhūlián)
• 根連株拔／根连株拔
• 根連株逮／根连株逮
• 株連蔓引／株连蔓引
• 株選／株选
• 株離／株离
• 株駒／株驹
• 植株 (zhízhū)
• 槃木朽株
• 榛株
• 樹株／树株
• 橛株駒／橛株驹
• 母株
• 犀株
• 病株 (bìngzhū)
• 粗株大葉／粗株大叶
• 荊株／荆株
• 蔓引株求
• 蔓引株連／蔓引株连
• 蟠木朽株
• 蟠株
• 赤株
• 連株／连株
• 避株
• 避株鳥／避株鸟
• 陶令株
• 雄株
• 雌雄同株
• 雌雄異株／雌雄异株

 

Descendants

• → Proto-Tai: *toːᴬ
  • Thai: ตอ (dtɔɔ)

Japanese

Kanji

株

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: しゅ (shu)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}
• Kun: かぶ (kabu, 株, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
株
かぶ Grade: 6
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *kampu. Cognate with Kunigami 株 (khabū), Northern Amami Ōshima 株 (gabu), Okinawan 株 (kabu).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かぶ [kàbú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠bɯ̟]

Noun

株(かぶ) • (kabu) 

1. stump of a tree
2. stock (in a company)
3. share(s) of stock
4. (virology) variant; strain

   デルタ株(かぶ)

   deruta-kabu

   delta variant (COVID-19)

Suffix

株(かぶ) • (-kabu) 

1. Abbreviation for 株(かぶ)式(しき)会(がい)社(しゃ) (kabushiki gaisha, “stock company”); inc.

Coordinate terms

• 社(しゃ) (sha): co.
• 有(ゆう) (yū): Ltd.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
株
しゅ Grade: 6
kan'yōon

From Middle Chinese 株 (trju).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅ [shúꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨ]

Noun

株(しゅ) • (shu) 

1. stump of a tree

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 岩(がん)株(しゅ) (ganshu)
• 雌(し)雄(ゆう)異(い)株(しゅ) (shiyūishu)
• 雌(し)雄(ゆう)同(どう)株(しゅ) (shiyūdōshu)
• 雌(し)雄(ゆう)別(べっ)株(しゅ) (shiyūbesshu)
• 守(しゅ)株(しゅ) (shushu)
• 株(しゅ)を削(けず)り根(ね)を掘(ほ)る (shu o kezuri ne o horu)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
株
くい Grade: 6
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 株 – see the following entry.

【くい】 [noun] stake, pile, post Alternative spellings 杭, 杙

(This term, 株, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
株
くいぜ Grade: 6
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 株 – see the following entry.

【くいぜ】 [noun] stump Alternative spellings 杭, 杙

(This term, 株, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

株 (eumhun 그루 주 (geuru ju))

1. hanja form^? of 주 (“stump of a tree”)

Vietnamese

Han character

株: Hán Nôm readings: chò, châu, chu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.