úa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ua"

North Marquesan

Numeral

úa

1. two

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Old Irish

Etymology 1

From older aue, from Primitive Irish ᚐᚃᚔ (avi), from Proto-Celtic *awyos (perhaps compare Welsh wyr), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂yos. Cognate with Old Prussian awis, Latin avus, Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō) and Old Armenian հաւ (haw).

Noun

úa m

1. grandson
2. descendant

Inflection

Masculine io-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative
Vocative
Accusative
Genitive
Dative
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: ó, ua
• Manx: oe
• Scottish Gaelic: ogha
  • → Scots: oe

Etymology 2

Contested.

• From Proto-Celtic *aw (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away, down”). Cognate with Latin au-, Sanskrit अव (ava, “down”), Old Church Slavonic оу- (u-).
• From Proto-Celtic *aɸu (“away”), from *apó/*h₂epó (“away”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó), Sanskrit अप (ápa, “away, off”), Latin ab (“from”), Old Church Slavonic по (po), Gothic 𐌰𐍆 (af).

Preposition

úa (with dative)

1. from, of
2. by

Inflection

Inflection of úa

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	(h)úaim, (h)úaimm	(h)úaimse
2d person sing.	(h)úait	(h)úaitsu, (h)úaitsiu
3d sing. masc./neut., dative	(h)úad, (h)úaid
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative
3d sing. fem., dative	úadi, húade	úadisi
3d sing. fem., accusative
1st person pl.	(h)úainn, (h)úain, (h)úan, (h)úann	(h)úanni
2d person pl.	(húaib)úaib	(húaibsi)úaibsi
3d person pl., dative	(h)úadib, (h)úaidib	úaidibsom, húadibsem
3d person pl., accusative

Forms with a definite article:

• ón(d), (h)úan, (h)úand (“from the”) (dative singular)
• (h)ónaib), (h)úanaib (“from the”) (dative plural)

Forms with a possessive determiner:

• (h)úam (“from my”)
• (h)úat (“from your sg”)
• oa, (h)úa, (h)ó (“from his/her/its/their”)

Forms with a relative particle:

• oa·, (h)úa·, (h)ó· (“from whom/which”)

Alternative forms

• ó, húa

Descendants

• Irish: ó
• Scottish Gaelic: bho

Contraction

úa

1. Contraction of úa + a (“from his/her/its/their”).

Particle

úa·

1. from/of/by whom/which

Conjunction

úa

1. since

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
úa	unchanged	n-úa
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “úa, óa, ó ‘grandson’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ó (preposition)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ó (conjunction)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “úa”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎^[1], Stirling, →ISBN
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 50
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 274

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South Marquesan

Numeral

úa

1. two

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔuə˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔuə˨˩˦]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔuə˦˥]

Adjective

úa • (𦼇, 𪹪, 𬅂)

1. sear, withered

Verb

úa • (𦼇, 𪹪, 𬅂)

1. to wither

Related terms

• héo

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Yámana

Noun

úa

1. man