đóng

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See also: đông, đồng, Đông, đọng, động, and Appendix:Variations of "dong"

Vietnamese

Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 凍 (“freeze”, SV: đống). Cognate with Tho [Cuối Chăm] /tɒːŋ³/.

Pronunciation

Verb

đóng • (𠘃, 㨂, 凍, 棟)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to close, shut, be closed (a door, lid, border)
    đóng cửa sổ ― to shut a window
    Tiệm đóng cửa hôm nay. ― The shop is closed today.
    Antonym: mở
  2. (transitive, intransitive, business, computing) to shut down
    Một công ty máy tính ở Anh thông báo đóng cửa vì bị phá sản. ― A British computer company announced its closure due to bankruptcy.
    Antonym: mở
  3. (transitive) to drive (a nail, stake)
    đóng đinh ― to drive a nail
    Antonyms: tháo, gỡ, tháo gỡ
  4. (intransitive) to congeal, solidify (grease, water, blood)}
    Antonym: tan
  5. (transitive) to pack (wine, flour, goods in a container)
  6. (transitive) to appear in, star in, play a role in (a play, movie, show)
  7. (transitive) to post, pay, submit (tuition, bond, taxes, bail)
    • 1957, Đoàn Giỏi, chapter 17, in Đất rừng phương Nam, Kim Đồng:
      Họ phải đóng thuế hằng năm như đóng thuế ruộng đấy, con ạ.
      They have to pay annual taxes just like paying land tax, son.
    Synonym: nộp
  8. (transitive) to assemble (a table, shoe, ship, book)
  9. (transitive) to wear tightly, fasten to oneself (a loincloth, harness, yoke)
  10. (transitive) to affix (a seal)
  11. (transitive or intransitive, military) to station; to be stationed
  12. (transitive, dated) to achieve a specific military rank

Derived terms

References

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