棟

棟 U+68DF, 棟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68DF ← 棞 [U+68DE] CJK Unified Ideographs 棠 → [U+68E0]

See also: 栋

Translingual

Han character

棟 (radical 75 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木木田 (DDW), four-corner 4599₆, composition ⿰木東)

References

• KangXi: page 533, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14949
• Dae Jaweon: page 921, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1227, character 5
• Unihan data for U+68DF

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Chinese

trad.		棟
simp.		栋

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (東) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
東	*toːŋ
菄	*toːŋ
鶇	*toːŋ
倲	*toːŋ
涷	*toːŋ, *toːŋs
蝀	*toːŋ, *toːŋʔ
凍	*toːŋ, *toːŋs
鯟	*toːŋ
崠	*toːŋ
埬	*toːŋ
棟	*toːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *toːŋs): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 東 (OC *toːŋ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dòng (dong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dung³, dung⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): tòng / tàng / tiòng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: dòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˋ
    • Wade-Giles: tung⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: donq
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: dung³, dung⁶
    • Yale: dung, duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dung³, dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: dung³, dung⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ³³/, /tʊŋ²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tòng
    • Tâi-lô: tòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tàng
    • Tâi-lô: tàng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daxng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /taŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ²¹/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiòng
    • Tâi-lô: tiòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dioxng
    • IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²¹/

Note:

• tòng - literary;
• tàng - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: /tuŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	棟
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	多貢切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋH/
Li Rong	/tuŋH/
Wang Li	/tuŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tuŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dòng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棟
Reading #	1/1
No.	2448
Phonetic component	東
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	涷
Old Chinese	/*toːŋs/

Definitions

棟

1. (possibly obsolete) the main beams supporting a house
2. Classifier for buildings.
3. (Sichuan) mountain ridge, mountain peak

See also

• 嶺／岭 (lǐng, “mountain ridge, mountain peak”)

References

• 蓝勇. 第十三章：历史时期西南综合文化区的划分. 《西南历史文化地理》. 西南师范大学出版社. 1997. ISBN 7-5621-1603-2.

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
棟
とう Grade: S
on’yomi

Kanji in this term
棟
むね Grade: S
kun’yomi

Kanji

棟

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: つ (tsu); つう (tsū)
• Kan’on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
• Kun: むね (mune, 棟, Jōyō); むな (muna, 棟, Jōyō, uncommon)

Counter

棟 (hiragana とう, rōmaji -tō)

1. buildings

Noun

棟 (hiragana とう, rōmaji tō)

1. large building

棟 (hiragana むね, rōmaji mune)

1. ridge of a roof

Suffix

棟 (hiragana とう, rōmaji -tō)

1. building

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Korean

Hanja

棟 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune-Reischauer tong, Yale tong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

棟 (đống)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.