بشر
Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From the root ب ش ر (b-š-r), from Proto-West Semitic *baśar- (“flesh, human body”). The original meaning "flesh" was replaced by لَحْم (laḥm).
Noun[edit]
بَشَر • (bašar) m (dual بَشَرَانِ (bašarāni), plural بَشَر (bašar) or أَبْشَار (ʔabšār))
Declension[edit]
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَشَر bašar |
الْبَشَر al-bašar |
بَشَر bašar |
Nominative | بَشَرٌ bašarun |
الْبَشَرُ al-bašaru |
بَشَرُ bašaru |
Accusative | بَشَرًا bašaran |
الْبَشَرَ al-bašara |
بَشَرَ bašara |
Genitive | بَشَرٍ bašarin |
الْبَشَرِ al-bašari |
بَشَرِ bašari |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | بَشَرَيْن bašarayn |
الْبَشَرَيْن al-bašarayn |
بَشَرَيْ bašaray |
Nominative | بَشَرَانِ bašarāni |
الْبَشَرَانِ al-bašarāni |
بَشَرَا bašarā |
Accusative | بَشَرَيْنِ bašarayni |
الْبَشَرَيْنِ al-bašarayni |
بَشَرَيْ bašaray |
Genitive | بَشَرَيْنِ bašarayni |
الْبَشَرَيْنِ al-bašarayni |
بَشَرَيْ bašaray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَشَر; أَبْشَار bašar; ʔabšār |
الْبَشَر; الْأَبْشَار al-bašar; al-ʔabšār |
بَشَر; أَبْشَار bašar; ʔabšār |
Nominative | بَشَرٌ; أَبْشَارٌ bašarun; ʔabšārun |
الْبَشَرُ; الْأَبْشَارُ al-bašaru; al-ʔabšāru |
بَشَرُ; أَبْشَارُ bašaru; ʔabšāru |
Accusative | بَشَرًا; أَبْشَارًا bašaran; ʔabšāran |
الْبَشَرَ; الْأَبْشَارَ al-bašara; al-ʔabšāra |
بَشَرَ; أَبْشَارَ bašara; ʔabšāra |
Genitive | بَشَرٍ; أَبْشَارٍ bašarin; ʔabšārin |
الْبَشَرِ; الْأَبْشَارِ al-bašari; al-ʔabšāri |
بَشَرِ; أَبْشَارِ bašari; ʔabšāri |
Derived terms[edit]
- بَشَرِيّ (bašariyy)
Descendants[edit]
Noun[edit]
بَشَر • (bašar) m (collective, singulative بَشَرَة f (bašara), plural أَبْشَار (ʔabšār))
- skin, outer skin, epidermis
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 74:26-30:
- سَأُصْلِيهِ سَقَرَ / وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا سَقَرُ / لَا تُبْقِي وَلَا تَذَرُ / لَوَّاحَةٌ لِلْبَشَرِ / عَلَيْهَا تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ
- saʔuṣlīhi saqara / wamā ʔadrāka mā saqaru / lā tubqī walā taḏaru / lawwāḥatun lilbašari / ʕalayhā tisʕata ʕašara
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension[edit]
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَشَر bašar |
الْبَشَر al-bašar |
بَشَر bašar |
Nominative | بَشَرٌ bašarun |
الْبَشَرُ al-bašaru |
بَشَرُ bašaru |
Accusative | بَشَرًا bašaran |
الْبَشَرَ al-bašara |
بَشَرَ bašara |
Genitive | بَشَرٍ bašarin |
الْبَشَرِ al-bašari |
بَشَرِ bašari |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَشَرَة bašara |
الْبَشَرَة al-bašara |
بَشَرَة bašarat |
Nominative | بَشَرَةٌ bašaratun |
الْبَشَرَةُ al-bašaratu |
بَشَرَةُ bašaratu |
Accusative | بَشَرَةً bašaratan |
الْبَشَرَةَ al-bašarata |
بَشَرَةَ bašarata |
Genitive | بَشَرَةٍ bašaratin |
الْبَشَرَةِ al-bašarati |
بَشَرَةِ bašarati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | بَشَرَتَيْن bašaratayn |
الْبَشَرَتَيْن al-bašaratayn |
بَشَرَتَيْ bašaratay |
Nominative | بَشَرَتَانِ bašaratāni |
الْبَشَرَتَانِ al-bašaratāni |
بَشَرَتَا bašaratā |
Accusative | بَشَرَتَيْنِ bašaratayni |
الْبَشَرَتَيْنِ al-bašaratayni |
بَشَرَتَيْ bašaratay |
Genitive | بَشَرَتَيْنِ bašaratayni |
الْبَشَرَتَيْنِ al-bašaratayni |
بَشَرَتَيْ bašaratay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَشَرَات bašarāt |
الْبَشَرَات al-bašarāt |
بَشَرَات bašarāt |
Nominative | بَشَرَاتٌ bašarātun |
الْبَشَرَاتُ al-bašarātu |
بَشَرَاتُ bašarātu |
Accusative | بَشَرَاتٍ bašarātin |
الْبَشَرَاتِ al-bašarāti |
بَشَرَاتِ bašarāti |
Genitive | بَشَرَاتٍ bašarātin |
الْبَشَرَاتِ al-bašarāti |
بَشَرَاتِ bašarāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَبْشَار ʔabšār |
الْأَبْشَار al-ʔabšār |
أَبْشَار ʔabšār |
Nominative | أَبْشَارٌ ʔabšārun |
الْأَبْشَارُ al-ʔabšāru |
أَبْشَارُ ʔabšāru |
Accusative | أَبْشَارًا ʔabšāran |
الْأَبْشَارَ al-ʔabšāra |
أَبْشَارَ ʔabšāra |
Genitive | أَبْشَارٍ ʔabšārin |
الْأَبْشَارِ al-ʔabšāri |
أَبْشَارِ ʔabšāri |
Descendants[edit]
Verb[edit]
بَشَرَ • (bašara) I, non-past يَبْشُرُ (yabšuru)
- to peel, to pare
- to shave so as to render the skin visible
- (of locusts) to eat the ground bare
- to take (a matter) into one's own hands
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
بَشْر bašr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
bāšir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mabšūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | bašartu |
bašarta |
بَشَرَ bašara |
bašartumā |
bašarā |
bašarnā |
bašartum |
bašarū | |||
f | bašarti |
bašarat |
bašaratā |
bašartunna |
bašarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔabšuru |
tabšuru |
yabšuru |
tabšurāni |
yabšurāni |
nabšuru |
tabšurūna |
yabšurūna | |||
f | tabšurīna |
tabšuru |
tabšurāni |
tabšurna |
yabšurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔabšura |
tabšura |
yabšura |
tabšurā |
yabšurā |
nabšura |
tabšurū |
yabšurū | |||
f | tabšurī |
tabšura |
tabšurā |
tabšurna |
yabšurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔabšur |
tabšur |
yabšur |
tabšurā |
yabšurā |
nabšur |
tabšurū |
yabšurū | |||
f | tabšurī |
tabšur |
tabšurā |
tabšurna |
yabšurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ubšur |
ubšurā |
ubšurū |
||||||||
f | ubšurī |
ubšurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | buširtu |
buširta |
بُشِرَ bušira |
buširtumā |
buširā |
buširnā |
buširtum |
buširū | |||
f | buširti |
buširat |
buširatā |
buširtunna |
buširna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔubšaru |
tubšaru |
yubšaru |
tubšarāni |
yubšarāni |
nubšaru |
tubšarūna |
yubšarūna | |||
f | tubšarīna |
tubšaru |
tubšarāni |
tubšarna |
yubšarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔubšara |
tubšara |
yubšara |
tubšarā |
yubšarā |
nubšara |
tubšarū |
yubšarū | |||
f | tubšarī |
tubšara |
tubšarā |
tubšarna |
yubšarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔubšar |
tubšar |
yubšar |
tubšarā |
yubšarā |
nubšar |
tubšarū |
yubšarū | |||
f | tubšarī |
tubšar |
tubšarā |
tubšarna |
yubšarna |
Noun[edit]
بَشْر • (bašr) m
- verbal noun of بَشَرَ (bašara) (form I)
Declension[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From the root ب ش ر (b-š-r). Related to بَشَر (bašar, “skin”) as rejoicement manifests itself as a complexion of the skin.
Verb[edit]
بَشِرَ • (bašira) I, non-past يَبْشَرُ (yabšaru)
بَشَرَ • (bašara) I, non-past يَبْشِرُ (yabširu)
- to rejoice at, to become glad, to congratulate, to rejoice
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
بَشَر bašar | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
bāšir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mabšūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | baširtu |
baširta |
بَشِرَ bašira |
baširtumā |
baširā |
baširnā |
baširtum |
baširū | |||
f | baširti |
baširat |
baširatā |
baširtunna |
baširna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔabšaru |
tabšaru |
yabšaru |
tabšarāni |
yabšarāni |
nabšaru |
tabšarūna |
yabšarūna | |||
f | tabšarīna |
tabšaru |
tabšarāni |
tabšarna |
yabšarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔabšara |
tabšara |
yabšara |
tabšarā |
yabšarā |
nabšara |
tabšarū |
yabšarū | |||
f | tabšarī |
tabšara |
tabšarā |
tabšarna |
yabšarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔabšar |
tabšar |
yabšar |
tabšarā |
yabšarā |
nabšar |
tabšarū |
yabšarū | |||
f | tabšarī |
tabšar |
tabšarā |
tabšarna |
yabšarna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ibšar |
ibšarā |
ibšarū |
||||||||
f | ibšarī |
ibšarna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | بُشِرَ bušira |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yubšaru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yubšara |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yubšar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
بَشَر bašar | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
bāšir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mabšūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | bašartu |
bašarta |
بَشَرَ bašara |
bašartumā |
bašarā |
bašarnā |
bašartum |
bašarū | |||
f | bašarti |
bašarat |
bašaratā |
bašartunna |
bašarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔabširu |
tabširu |
yabširu |
tabširāni |
yabširāni |
nabširu |
tabširūna |
yabširūna | |||
f | tabširīna |
tabširu |
tabširāni |
tabširna |
yabširna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔabšira |
tabšira |
yabšira |
tabširā |
yabširā |
nabšira |
tabširū |
yabširū | |||
f | tabširī |
tabšira |
tabširā |
tabširna |
yabširna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔabšir |
tabšir |
yabšir |
tabširā |
yabširā |
nabšir |
tabširū |
yabširū | |||
f | tabširī |
tabšir |
tabširā |
tabširna |
yabširna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ibšir |
ibširā |
ibširū |
||||||||
f | ibširī |
ibširna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | بُشِرَ bušira |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yubšaru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yubšara |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yubšar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Noun[edit]
بَشَر • (bašar) m
- verbal noun of بَشِرَ (bašira) (form I)
- verbal noun of بَشَرَ (bašara) (form I)
Declension[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Causative of بَشِرَ (bašira, “to rejoice at”). Religious sense is a literal translation of Ancient Greek εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō), from εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, “good news, gospel”). Cognate with Hebrew בִּשֵׂר (bisér, biśśēr, “to bring good news”).
Verb[edit]
بَشَّرَ • (baššara) II, non-past يُبَشِّرُ (yubašširu)
- to bring good news (to)
- Antonym: أَنْذَرَ (ʔanḏara)
- (Christianity) to evangelize, to preach the gospel (to)
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tabšīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mubaššir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mubaššar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | baššartu |
baššarta |
بَشَّرَ baššara |
baššartumā |
baššarā |
baššarnā |
baššartum |
baššarū | |||
f | baššarti |
baššarat |
baššaratā |
baššartunna |
baššarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔubašširu |
tubašširu |
yubašširu |
tubašširāni |
yubašširāni |
nubašširu |
tubašširūna |
yubašširūna | |||
f | tubašširīna |
tubašširu |
tubašširāni |
tubašširna |
yubašširna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔubaššira |
tubaššira |
yubaššira |
tubašširā |
yubašširā |
nubaššira |
tubašširū |
yubašširū | |||
f | tubašširī |
tubaššira |
tubašširā |
tubašširna |
yubašširna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔubaššir |
tubaššir |
yubaššir |
tubašširā |
yubašširā |
nubaššir |
tubašširū |
yubašširū | |||
f | tubašširī |
tubaššir |
tubašširā |
tubašširna |
yubašširna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | بَشِّرْ baššir |
bašširā |
bašširū |
||||||||
f | bašširī |
bašširna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | bušširtu |
bušširta |
بُشِّرَ buššira |
bušširtumā |
bušširā |
bušširnā |
bušširtum |
bušširū | |||
f | bušširti |
bušširat |
bušširatā |
bušširtunna |
bušširna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔubaššaru |
tubaššaru |
yubaššaru |
tubaššarāni |
yubaššarāni |
nubaššaru |
tubaššarūna |
yubaššarūna | |||
f | tubaššarīna |
tubaššaru |
tubaššarāni |
tubaššarna |
yubaššarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔubaššara |
tubaššara |
yubaššara |
tubaššarā |
yubaššarā |
nubaššara |
tubaššarū |
yubaššarū | |||
f | tubaššarī |
tubaššara |
tubaššarā |
tubaššarna |
yubaššarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔubaššar |
tubaššar |
yubaššar |
tubaššarā |
yubaššarā |
nubaššar |
tubaššarū |
yubaššarū | |||
f | tubaššarī |
tubaššar |
tubaššarā |
tubaššarna |
yubaššarna |
Ottoman Turkish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Adverb[edit]
بشر • (beşer)
- distributive of بش (beş): five each
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: beşer
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
بشر • (beşer)
- man
- mankind
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: beşer
Persian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic بَشَر (bašar).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ba.ʃaɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæ.ʃæɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bä.ʃäɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | bašar |
Dari reading? | bašar |
Iranian reading? | bašar |
Tajik reading? | bašar |
Noun[edit]
بَشَر • (bašar)
Derived terms[edit]
- بَشَرْدوسْت (bašar-dust)
- بَشَرْدوسْتی (bašar-dusti)
- حُقوقِ بَشَر (hoquq-e bašar)
Ushojo[edit]
Noun[edit]
بَشر (bašer)
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ب ش ر
- Arabic terms inherited from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic terms derived from Proto-West Semitic
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic collective nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote collective
- Arabic nouns with triptote singulative in -a
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine paucal
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic verbal nouns
- Arabic verbs with impersonal passive
- Arabic intransitive verbs
- Arabic semantic loans from Ancient Greek
- Arabic terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- ar:Christianity
- Arabic causative verbs
- Arabic masculine and feminine nouns by sense
- ar:Hominids
- ar:Human
- Ottoman Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ottoman Turkish terms suffixed with ـر
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish adverbs
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ب ش ر
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Ushojo lemmas
- Ushojo nouns