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جام

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: حام, خام, and چام

Arabic

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Persian جام (jâm).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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جَام • (jām) m (plural جَامَات (jāmāt) or جُوم (jūm) or أَجْوَام (ʔajwām))

  1. cup, bowl
  2. tray, platter

Declension

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Declension of noun جَام (jām)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal جَام
jām 		الْجَام
al-jām 		جَام
jām
nominative جَامٌ
jāmun 		الْجَامُ
al-jāmu 		جَامُ
jāmu
accusative جَامًا
jāman 		الْجَامَ
al-jāma 		جَامَ
jāma
genitive جَامٍ
jāmin 		الْجَامِ
al-jāmi 		جَامِ
jāmi
dual indefinite definite construct
informal جَامَيْن
jāmayn 		الْجَامَيْن
al-jāmayn 		جَامَيْ
jāmay
nominative جَامَانِ
jāmāni 		الْجَامَانِ
al-jāmāni 		جَامَا
jāmā
accusative جَامَيْنِ
jāmayni 		الْجَامَيْنِ
al-jāmayni 		جَامَيْ
jāmay
genitive جَامَيْنِ
jāmayni 		الْجَامَيْنِ
al-jāmayni 		جَامَيْ
jāmay
plural sound feminine plural‎;
basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal جَامَات‎; جُوم‎; أَجْوَام
jāmāt‎; jūm‎; ʔajwām 		الْجَامَات‎; الْجُوم‎; الْأَجْوَام
al-jāmāt‎; al-jūm‎; al-ʔajwām 		جَامَات‎; جُوم‎; أَجْوَام
jāmāt‎; jūm‎; ʔajwām
nominative جَامَاتٌ‎; جُومٌ‎; أَجْوَامٌ
jāmātun‎; jūmun‎; ʔajwāmun 		الْجَامَاتُ‎; الْجُومُ‎; الْأَجْوَامُ
al-jāmātu‎; al-jūmu‎; al-ʔajwāmu 		جَامَاتُ‎; جُومُ‎; أَجْوَامُ
jāmātu‎; jūmu‎; ʔajwāmu
accusative جَامَاتٍ‎; جُومًا‎; أَجْوَامًا
jāmātin‎; jūman‎; ʔajwāman 		الْجَامَاتِ‎; الْجُومَ‎; الْأَجْوَامَ
al-jāmāti‎; al-jūma‎; al-ʔajwāma 		جَامَاتِ‎; جُومَ‎; أَجْوَامَ
jāmāti‎; jūma‎; ʔajwāma
genitive جَامَاتٍ‎; جُومٍ‎; أَجْوَامٍ
jāmātin‎; jūmin‎; ʔajwāmin 		الْجَامَاتِ‎; الْجُومِ‎; الْأَجْوَامِ
al-jāmāti‎; al-jūmi‎; al-ʔajwāmi 		جَامَاتِ‎; جُومِ‎; أَجْوَامِ
jāmāti‎; jūmi‎; ʔajwāmi

References

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  • Gacek, Adam (2008), The Arabic Manuscript Tradition: A Glossary of Technical Terms, →ISBN
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “جام”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Gurani

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Noun

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جام (jām)

  1. mirror

Iraqi Arabic

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Etymology

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From Persian جام (jâm).

Noun

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جام (jām) m

  1. glass, pane

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Persian جام (jâm, “glass, pane”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (ǰām, “glass”).

Noun

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جام • (cam)

  1. glass, an amorphous and often transparent substance
    Synonyms: زجاج (zücâc), صرچه (sırça)
    • 1894, “صنایع [sanayi, industry]”, in Nevsal-i Servet-i Fünun, page 19:
      جام نازك و قیرلمغه مستعد بر جسم اولمقله برابر صنایع اصول مخصوصه ایله بو خوش منظر جسمه صلابت ویرمكده و شمدی‌یه قدر استعمال اولنمیان یرلرده استعماله باشلامقد‌ه‌در.
      Cam nazik ve kırılmağa müstaid bir cisim olmakle beraber sanayi-i usul-i mahsusa ile bu hoş manzar cisme selabet vermekte ve şimdiye kadar istimal olunmayan yerlerde istimale başlamaktadır.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. cup, glass, beaker, stoop, a vessel made of glass
    Synonyms: بارداق (bardak), ساغراق (saġrak) (glass)
  3. piece of glass applied to any particular purpose, as a watchglass, etc.
  4. integrated sheet of glass such as a window-pane, window-sash or window-valve, a bull's-eye of glass in a vault or dome etc.

Adjective

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جام • (cam)

  1. of glass, glassy, vitreous
    Synonym: صرچه (sırça)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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  • Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “cam”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 745
  • Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “جام”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 177a
  • Kélékian, Diran (1911), “جام”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 430
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Vitrum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎[3], Vienna, column 1775
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “جام”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎[4], Vienna, column 1560
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “cam”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007), “25. AǦAME sb. f. pl. aǧeń i aǧemurǐ; ǦAME”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎[5], put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 75
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890), “جام”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 636

Pashto

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian جام (jām).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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جام • (jâm) m

  1. cup, goblet

Declension

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Declension of جام
singular plural
direct جام (jâm) جامونه (jâmuna)
oblique جام (jâm) جامونو (jâmuno)
vocative جامه (jâma) جامونو (jâmuno)

Persian

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Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Etymology

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (ǰām, “glass”). Related to Avestan 𐬫𐬀𐬨𐬀 (yama, “glass”).[1][2]

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Further extra-Iranic origin? The link in the references to Hassuri 1983's "Two Middle Persian Words" notes that many words in Persian used for cups and other tableware were also used as measuring clocks for time. This could suggest a relation to Proto-Iranian *ǰámaHnaH (“time, hour”) (probably via borrowing from another Iranic language like Parthian), thus "time measurer" > "cup in such a shape".

Also looks a bit like it could be a lengthened-grade nominal formation from Proto-Indo-European *yem- (“to hold”). Alternatively, a BMAC or other borrowing?”

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? jām
Dari reading? jām
Iranian reading? jâm
Tajik reading? jom
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Noun

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جام • (jām / jâm) (plural جام‌ها (jām-hā / jâm-hâ), Tajik spelling ҷом)

  1. cup
  2. glass, pane

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • Hassuri, Ali (1983), “Two Middle Persian Words”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎[7], volume 133, pages 145–148
  1. ^ The Silk Road Encyclopedia. (n.d.). United States: Seoul Selection.
  2. ^ The Encyclopaedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. (1910). United Kingdom: Encyclopaedia Britannica Company, p. 248

Urdu

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Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ur

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Classical Persian جام (jām).

Noun

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جام • (jām) m (Hindi spelling जाम)

  1. goblet; wine cup
  2. (loosely) glass; drinking vessel

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Sanskrit जम्बु (jambu).

Noun

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جام • (jām) m (Hindi spelling जाम)

  1. rose apple
  2. guava
  3. night watch (for a period of three hours)
  4. son
Declension
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Declension of جام
singular plural
direct جام (jām) جام (jām)
oblique جام (jām) جاموں (jāmõ)
vocative جام (jām) جامو (jāmo)

References

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  • “جام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “جام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.

Ushojo

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Etymology

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From Pashto جام (jām).

Noun

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جام (jām)

  1. stirrup
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