ܚܒܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܚ ܒ ܠ (ḥ b l)
1 term

Of the noun pattern 1a23ā, inherited from Aramaic חַבִלָא (ḥaḇlā), from Proto-Semitic *ḥabl-; compare Arabic حَبْل (ḥabl), Hebrew חֶבֶל (khével) and Akkadian 𒂠 (eblu).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xawlaː]
• (Barwari) IPA^(key): [xawla], [ħawla]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [xoːla]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xoːlaː]

Noun

ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܐ • (ḥaḇlā) m sg (plural ܚܲܒ݂̈ܠܹܐ (ḥaḇlē))

1. rope, cord
2. (by extension, colloquial) clothesline
3. (measure) 5 meters, 5 square meters

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒ݂ܸܠ (ḥḇil)		1st person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܝܼ (ḥaḇlī)		ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܢ (ḥaḇlan)
	construct	ܚܒ݂ܸܠ (ḥḇil)		2nd person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ḥaḇlōḵ)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥaḇlāḵ)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaḇlawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܐ (ḥaḇlā)		3rd person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܹܗ (ḥaḇlēh)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܗ̇ (ḥaḇlāh)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܗܘܿܢ (ḥaḇlhōn)
plural	absolute	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܝܼ̈ܢ (ḥaḇlīn)		1st person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܝܼ̈ (ḥaḇlī)		ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܢ̈ (ḥaḇlan)
	construct	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܝ̈ (ḥaḇlay)		2nd person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ḥaḇlōḵ)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ḥaḇlāḵ)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥaḇlawḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܲܒ݂̈ܠܹܐ (ḥaḇlē)		3rd person	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ḥaḇlūh)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܘܼ̈ܗ̇ (ḥaḇlōh)	ܚܲܒ݂ܠܲܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ḥaḇlayhōn)

Derived terms

• ܚܲܒ݂ܠܬܵܐ (ḥaḇltā, “small piece of rope; short rope”)
• ܚܒ݂ܸܠ ܝܵܡܵܐ (ḥḇil yāmā, “coastline”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ḥabl-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħavlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħavle] (plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥaḇlā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥaḇlē))

1. rope, cord

   Synonym: ܡܢܬܐ

2. line, row, series
3. noose
4. snare, trap
5. measuring rope
6. (by extension) portion, allotment; lot, tract of land
7. space, area, zone, district, region
8. troop, band
9. flame

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• →⇒ Old Armenian: հաղբք (hałbkʻ), խաղբք (xałbkʻ)
  • Armenian: խախբՙ (xaxbʻ), խաբՙ (xabʻ) (dialectal), հաղբ (haġb) (learned)

Etymology 2

From the root ܚ ܒ ܠ related to giving birth. Compare Arabic حَبَل (ḥabal) and Hebrew חֵבֶל (ḥḗḇel).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħɛvlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħɛvle] (plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥeḇlā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥeḇlē))

1. travail, pang, pain (from childbirth)
2. throe

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From the root ܚ ܒ ܠ related to perishing. Compare Arabic خَبَال (ḵabāl) and Hebrew חִבּוּל (ḥibbûl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)vɑlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)vɑle] (plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥəḇālā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥəḇālē))

1. damage, destruction
2. desolation
3. injury, hurt, harm
4. corruption
5. adultery

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 4

From the root ܚ ܒ ܠ related to perishing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħabbɑlɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħabbɑle] (plural)

Noun

ܚܒܠܐ • (ḥabbālā) m (plural ܚܒܠܐ (ḥabbālē), singular feminine counterpart ܚܒܠܬܐ (ḥabbāltā))

1. destroyer, corrupter
2. avenger

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܒܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܒܠ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܟ	ܚܒܠܟܝ	ܚܒܠܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗ	ܚܒܠܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܒܠܝܢ		1st person	ܚܒܠܝ		ܚܒܠܝܢ
	construct	ܚܒܠܝ		2nd person	ܚܒܠܝܟ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝ	ܚܒܠܝܟܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܒܠܐ		3rd person	ܚܒܠܘܗܝ	ܚܒܠܝܗ	ܚܒܠܝܗܘܢ	ܚܒܠܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ḥbl²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥblyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥbl³”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ḥbl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002), Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 94a, b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903), A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 124a–b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009), A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, →ISBN, pages 407b–408a