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घटना

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Hindi

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Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡʱəʈ.nɑː/, [ɡʱɐʈ.näː]

Etymology 1

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Learned borrowing from Sanskrit घटना (ghaṭanā). Compare to Bengali ঘটনা (ghôṭôna).

Noun

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घटना (ghaṭnāf (Urdu spelling گَھٹْنَا)

  1. event, occurrence
  2. incident
  3. accident
Declension
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Etymology 2

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Hindi verb set
घटना (ghaṭnā)
घटाना (ghaṭānā)
घटवाना (ghaṭvānā)

Inherited from Old Hindi घटना (ghaṭanā), from Prakrit घट्टइ (ghaṭṭaï, to be ruined, *to decrease or be wanting). See there for more.

Verb

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घटना (ghaṭnā) (intransitive, Urdu spelling گَھٹْنَا)

  1. to decrease, to decline, to dwindle
  2. to be lost, reduced, lowered
Conjugation
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Further reading

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Old Hindi

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Etymology

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Inherited from Prakrit 𑀖𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀇 (ghaṭṭaï), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀖𑀝𑁆𑀝𑀢𑀺 (*ghaṭṭati). Cognate with Old Punjabi ਘਟਿ (ghaṭi /⁠ghaṭṭi⁠/).

Verb

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घटना (ghaṭanā)

  1. to be missing, be less
    • c. 1420, Kabīr, Kabīr Vāṇī 206.2:
      तुलह न तोली गजाह न मापी, पहजन सेर अढाई
      अढाई मौंहि जे पाव घटइ, तौ करकच करै बजहाई
      tulaha na tolī gajāha na māpī, pahajana sera aḍhāī
      aḍhāī ma͠uhi je pāva ghaṭai, tau karakaca karai bajahāī
      [the weaver] did not weigh [the fabric] on a scale, did not measure [the length] in gaz
      [it was] approximately two and half ser; if in two and half [ser] one quarter is missing, the remainder/fragment complains

Descendants

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  • Braj: घटन (ghaṭan)
  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: घटना (ghaṭnā)
    Urdu: گَھٹْنَا (ghaṭnā)

Further reading

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  • Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 530
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*ghaṭṭati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 238

Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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Feminine form of घटन (ghaṭana, connection or union with).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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घटना (ghaṭanā) stemf (Classical Sanskrit)

  1. exertion, motion, acting, manner of acting
  2. striving after, being occupied or busy with
  3. taking effect, answering, accomplishment
  4. connection, union with
  5. (= °ट) a troop (of elephants)
  6. a literary composition
  7. a work consisting of
  8. happening, occurring, occurrence, event, incident, phenomenon

Declension

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Feminine ā-stem declension of घटना
singular dual plural
nominative घटना (ghaṭanā) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)
accusative घटनाम् (ghaṭanām) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)
instrumental घटनया (ghaṭanayā) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभिः (ghaṭanābhiḥ)
dative घटनायै (ghaṭanāyai) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभ्यः (ghaṭanābhyaḥ)
ablative घटनायाः (ghaṭanāyāḥ) घटनाभ्याम् (ghaṭanābhyām) घटनाभ्यः (ghaṭanābhyaḥ)
genitive घटनायाः (ghaṭanāyāḥ) घटनयोः (ghaṭanayoḥ) घटनानाम् (ghaṭanānām)
locative घटनायाम् (ghaṭanāyām) घटनयोः (ghaṭanayoḥ) घटनासु (ghaṭanāsu)
vocative घटने (ghaṭane) घटने (ghaṭane) घटनाः (ghaṭanāḥ)

Descendants

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References

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