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中古

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Initial () (9) (28)
Final () (2) (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III I
Fanqie
Baxter trjuwng kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʈɨuŋ/ /kuoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈiuŋ/ /kuoX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȶiuŋ/ /koX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈuwŋ/ /kɔX/
Li
Rong
/ȶiuŋ/ /koX/
Wang
Li
/ȶĭuŋ/ /kuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȶi̯uŋ/ /kuoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zung1 gu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhōng
Middle
Chinese
‹ trjuwng › ‹ kuX ›
Old
Chinese
/*truŋ/ /*kˁaʔ/
English center ancient

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/1
No. 17407 4219
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tuŋ/ /*kaːʔ/

Etymology 1

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middle old
simp. and trad.
(中古)

Adjective

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中古

  1. middle(-aged) (as in Middle English, Middle Chinese, etc.)
Descendants
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  • Mongolian: дундад эртний (dundad ertnii) (calque)

Noun

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中古

  1. middle antiquity (from 3rd to 9th century)
Derived terms
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Proper noun

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中古

  1. the Middle Ages

Etymology 2

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Orthographic borrowing from Japanese (ちゅう)() (chūko, secondhand).

Adjective

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中古

  1. (Taiwan) used; second hand
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Chinese; China; Sino- Cuba; Cuban
simp. and trad.
(中古)

Adjective

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中古

  1. Sino-Cuban

Proper noun

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中古

  1. China and Cuba

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1

Grade: 2
on'yomi kan'on
 中古 (時代区分) on Japanese Wikipedia
 中古日本語 on Japanese Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ちゅう)() (chūkoちゆうこ (tyuuko)?

  1. a secondhand or used item
    Synonyms: セコハン (sekohan), セコンドハンド (sekondo-hando), セカンドハンド (sekando-hando)
  2. medieval times (in Japanese history, including the Heian period)
    Coordinate terms: 上古 (jōko), 近古 (kinko)
  3. Short for 中古日本語 (Chūko Nihongo): Heian period Japanese; Early Middle Japanese
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1
ふる > ぶる
Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ちゅう)(ぶる) (chūburu

  1. (slang) a secondhand or used item

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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中古 (junggo) (hangeul 중고)

  1. hanja form? of 중고 (secondhand)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Adjective

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中古

  1. chữ Hán form of trung cổ (medieval).