伸展

Chinese

		to stretch; to extend	to spread out; to postpone; to unfold to spread out; to postpone; to unfold; to use
simp. and trad. (伸展)		伸	展

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shēnzhǎn

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ ㄓㄢˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cen¹ zan³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ zin²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûn-chán
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sin-tián / chhun-tián

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shēnzhǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ ㄓㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shenjhǎn
    • Wade–Giles: shên¹-chan³
    • Yale: shēn-jǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenjaan
    • Palladius: шэньчжань (šɛnʹčžanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cen¹ zan³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cenzan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰən⁵⁵ t͡san⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: san¹ zin²
    • Yale: sān jín
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ dzin²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ jin²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ t͡siːn³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn-chán
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun^ˊ zan^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cun¹ zan³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴ t͡san³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin-tián
    • Tâi-lô: sin-tián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sindiern
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³ tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴⁻²² tiɛn⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-tián
    • Tâi-lô: tshun-tián
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhundiern
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn⁵³/

Verb

伸展

1. to stretch; to expand; to spread
2. (anatomy) to extend (to straighten)

Synonyms

• (to stretch):

edit

• 伸展開 / 伸展开 (shēnzhǎn kāi)
• 展開 / 展开 (zhǎnkāi)
• 張開 / 张开 (zhāngkāi)
• 擴張 / 扩张 (kuòzhāng, “dilate”)
• 擺開 / 摆开 (bǎikāi) (formal, literal or figurative)
• 攤 / 摊
• 舒展 (shūzhǎn)
• 舒張 / 舒张 (shūzhāng)

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to extend”): 屈曲 (qūqū)

Adjective

伸展 (Southwestern Mandarin)

1. (Sichuanese) comfortable
2. (Sichuanese) flat; smoothed out
3. (Sichuanese) clear; distinct
4. (Sichuanese, Dafang) pretty; neat
5. (Sichuanese) smooth; unhindered
6. (Dafang) wealthy
7. (Dafang) straight
8. (Dafang) eloquent

Synonyms

• 伸抖 (cen1 tou3)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
伸	展
しん Grade: S	てん Grade: 6
on'yomi

Etymology

伸 (“expansion”) +‎ 展 (“spreading”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しんてん [shìńtéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɕĩntẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

伸(しん)展(てん) • (shinten) 

1. (anatomy) extension

   Antonym: 屈曲 (kukkyoku)

   Coordinate terms: 回外 (kaigai), 回旋 (kaisen), 外転 (gaiten), 回内 (kainai), 内転 (naiten)

   脚(あし)の屈(くっ)曲(きょく)と伸(しん)展(てん)は、股(こ)関(かん)節(せつ)、膝(ひざ)関(かん)節(せつ)および足(あし)関(かん)節(せつ)の3(みっ)つの関(かん)節(せつ)によって行(おこな)われる動(どう)作(さ)である。

   Ashi no kukkyoku to shinten wa, kokansetsu, hizakansetsu oyobi ashikansetsu no mittsu no kansetsu ni yotte okonawareru dōsa de aru.

   The flexion and extension of the legs are the movement performed by three joints; a hip joint, a knee joint and ankle joint.

2. An act of expansion and spreading of a range, scale or influence

   Synonyms: 拡張 (kakuchō), 拡大 (kakudai), 発展 (hatten)

   Antonyms: 縮小 (shukushō), 鎮火 (chinka)

   始(はじ)まりはケチな強(ごう)盗(とう)事(じ)件(けん)だったが、バスジャック事(じ)件(けん)に伸(しん)展(てん)したことでメディアなど衆(しゅう)人(じん)環(かん)視(し)の中(なか)の劇(げき)場(じょう)型(がた)犯(はん)罪(ざい)となってしまった。

   Hajimari wa kechi na gōtō jiken datta ga, basujakku jiken ni shinten shita koto de media nado shūjin kanshi no naka no gekijōgata hanzai to natte shimatta.

   The beginning was just a robbery, but after having extended for a bus hijacking case, it has become a theater-story-like-crime by being exposed in the media and drawing public attentions.

Verb

伸(しん)展(てん)する • (shinten suru) suru (stem 伸(しん)展(てん)し (shinten shi), past 伸(しん)展(てん)した (shinten shita))

1. (anatomy) to extend

   Synonym: 伸ばす (nobasu)

2. To expand and spread of a range, scale or influence.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "伸展する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	伸展し	しんてんし	shinten shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	伸展し	しんてんし	shinten shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	伸展する	しんてんする	shinten suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	伸展する	しんてんする	shinten suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	伸展すれ	しんてんすれ	shinten sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	伸展せよ¹ 伸展しろ²	しんてんせよ¹ しんてんしろ²	shinten seyo¹ shinten shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	伸展される	しんてんされる	shinten sareru
Causative	伸展させる 伸展さす	しんてんさせる しんてんさす	shinten saseru shinten sasu
Potential	伸展できる	しんてんできる	shinten dekiru
Volitional	伸展しよう	しんてんしよう	shinten shiyō
Negative	伸展しない	しんてんしない	shinten shinai
Negative continuative	伸展せず	しんてんせず	shinten sezu
Formal	伸展します	しんてんします	shinten shimasu
Perfective	伸展した	しんてんした	shinten shita
Conjunctive	伸展して	しんてんして	shinten shite
Hypothetical conditional	伸展すれば	しんてんすれば	shinten sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “伸展”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026