公家
Chinese
just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister |
home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (公家) | 公 | 家 | |
simp. #(公家) | 公 | 家 | |
anagram | 家公 |
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gung1 gaa1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄚ → ㄍㄨㄥ ˙ㄐㄧㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: gongjiå
- Wade–Giles: kung1-chia5
- Yale: gūng-jya
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong.jia
- Palladius: гунцзя (gunczja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/ → /kʊŋ⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥i̯ä²/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gung1 gaa1
- Yale: gūng gā
- Cantonese Pinyin: gung1 gaa1
- Guangdong Romanization: gung1 ga1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
Adjective
(deprecated template usage) 公家
Antonyms
- 私人 (sīrén)
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 公家
- the state
- the public
- imperial family
- royal court; imperial court; imperial household; imperial government
Synonyms
- (royal court):
Pronunciation 2
Verb
公家
Adverb
(deprecated template usage) 公家
- (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien) jointly; together
- 公家出 ― gōngjiā chū ― (everyone) pay together
Japanese
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
く Grade: 2 |
げ Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Probably originally from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 公家. Compare modern Mandarin 公家 (gōngjiā, “the state, the public”). The meaning in (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese developed from “great house, great family” to then signify “the imperial family”, then by extension the courtiers, and again the nobility.[1]
The reading is an alteration from the expected go'on reading of kuke.
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
こう Grade: 2 |
か Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
The kan'on reading, suggesting a later borrowing. Rarely used.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
こう Grade: 2 |
け Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Mixed reading, using the kan'on for 公 and the go'on for 家. Rarely used.
Pronunciation
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Noun
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
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