恥
See also: 耻
Translingual
Han character
恥 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 尸十心 (SJP), four-corner 13100, composition ⿰耳心)
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10585
- Dae Jaweon: page 716, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2290, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6065
Chinese
trad. | 恥/耻 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 耻 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 恥 | |
---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *n̥ʰɯʔ) : phonetic 耳 (OC *njɯʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”)
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ni (“red”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese နီ (ni, “red”), 怩 (OC *nil, “ashamed”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ci2
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): chǐ
- Eastern Min (BUC): tī
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chǐh
- Wade–Giles: chʻih3
- Yale: chř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ci2
- Yale: chí
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsi2
- Guangdong Romanization: qi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: ciiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: tī
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 恥 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/ | |
Qingdao | /tʃʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰi³¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/ |
Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰz̩³¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tʃʰï³¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰi⁵³/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰi³²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰi²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰi⁵³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡si²¹³/ /sun²¹³/ 訓蠢 |
- Middle Chinese: trhiX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥rəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰɯʔ/
Definitions
- (literary) to humiliate; to put to shame
- shame; disgrace; humiliation
- ashamed
Compounds
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See also
- 羞 (xiū)
Japanese
Kanji
恥
Readings
- Go-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
- Kun: はじ (haji, 恥, Jōyō)←はぢ (fadi, 恥, historical)、はじる (hajiru, 恥じる, Jōyō)←はぢる (fadiru, 恥ぢる, historical)、はじらう (hajirau, 恥じらう, Jōyō)←はぢらふ (fadirafu, 恥ぢらふ, historical)、はずかしい (hazukashii, 恥ずかしい, Jōyō)←はづかしい (fadukasii, 恥づかしい, historical)
Etymology
Kanji in this term |
---|
恥 |
はじ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *pantuy.
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Noun
References
Korean
Hanja
恥 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
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Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 恥 (xỉ, sỉ)
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.
Categories:
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Northern Min verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 恥
- Chinese literary terms
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ち
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はじ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading はぢ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・じる
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・ぢる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・じらう
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・ぢらふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・ずかしい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・づかしい
- Japanese terms spelled with 恥 read as はじ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ぢ
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 恥
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters