View source for 涎

{{character info}}
==Translingual==

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=85|rad=水|as=06|sn=9|four=32141|canj=ENKM,ENKV|ids=⿰氵延}}

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=0626.210|dkj=17536|dj=1029.020|hdz=31610.010|uh=6D8E}}

==Chinese==

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|水|延|ls=psc|c1=s|c2=p|t1=water}}.

===Etymology 1===
{{zh-forms|alt=㳄,㵪,唌,㳭,湺,𣵿,𠿢}}
Probably {{der|zh|sit}}; compare {{cog|cvg|har||phlegm}}, {{cog|lsh|hahal||phlegm}}, Rupa {{cog|sdp|nəkʰɔ̃ː||phlegm}}, {{cog|sit-jap|tɯɴɢar||sputum}} ({{zh-ref|Bodt, 2021}}). {{zh-ref|Schuessler (2007)}}, who reconstructs the {{cog|och|-}} minimally as {{m|und|*(s-)lan}}, compares it to {{cog|bo|ཟླན|t=moisture}}.

Alternatively, {{zh-ref|Schuessler (2007)}} relates it to {{cog|th|น้ำลาย}}, which is derived from {{cog|tai-pro|*laːjᴬ||saliva}}.

Possibly related to {{och-l|羨|id=2|to envy}} ({{zh-ref|Wang, 1982}}; also cf. {{zh-ref|Baxter and Sagart, 2014}}).

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=xián
|m-s=xuan2
|c=jin4
|c-t=yen3
|g=xien4
|h=pfs=sièn;gd=yan2
|j=han1
|mb=
|md=iòng
|mn=siân/twv:iân
|mn-t=iêng6/iang6
|mn-l=
|w=sh:6yi
|x=sienn2
|mc=1
|oc=y,1
|cat=n
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[saliva]]

=====Synonyms=====
{{zh-dial|口水}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|垂涎|刮涎|垂涎三尺|垂涎欲滴|涎涎鄧鄧|涎言涎語|涎皮賴臉|涎臉涎皮|涎尾|涎鄧鄧|涎臉|染指垂涎|流涎|涎水|涎瞪瞪|涎沫|流涎症|野狐涎|饞涎欲垂|饞涎欲滴|龍涎香|黏涎子|饞涎|頑涎|龍涎|涎腺|口涎|唾涎|嘻皮涎臉|失涎|拖涎|沈涎|涎不癡|涎不答|涎利|涎吐|涎唾|涎涎瞪瞪|涎滑|涎滴|涎漫|涎濊|涎玉沫珠|涎皮涎臉|涎眉鄧眼|涎睨|涎瞪|涎縷|涎纏|涎臉餳眼|清涎|漫涎|痰涎|稠涎|粘涎|蛇涎|蛟涎|蝸涎|迤涎|邪涎|飛涎|香涎|鬼狐涎|黏涎}}

===Etymology 2===
{{zh-forms}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=yàn
|mc=2
|oc=n,2
|cat=
}}

====Adjective====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|湎涎}}

===Etymology 3===
{{zh-forms}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=diàn,yàn
|cat=
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|涎涎}}

===Etymology 4===
{{zh-see|瀾||[[saliva]]}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=|rs=水07}}

# [[drool]], [[slobber]], [[saliva]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=ぜん,えん
|kanon=せん,えん
|kun=よだれ-,よだり-
}}

===Etymology 1===
{{etymid|ja|yodari}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|よだり|alt=洟:rare}}

From {{inh|ja|ojp|-}}.  First attested in the ''{{w|Nihon Shoki}}'' of 720.<ref name="KDJ2-yodari">{{R:Nihon Kokugo Daijiten 2|洟・涎}}</ref><ref name="K">{{R:Kojien}}</ref><ref name="DDJS">{{R:Digital-Daijisen}}</ref>

Ultimately a compound of {{compound|ja|よ|tr1=yo|pos1=meaning uncertain|垂り|tr2=tari|t2=[[hanging]] [[down]]|pos2=the {{m|ja|連用形|tr=ren'yōkei||continuative or stem form}} of intransitive {{m|ja|四段|tr=yodan||quadrigrade}} conjugation verb {{m|ja|垂る|tr=taru||to hang down}}}}.<ref name="KDJ2-yodari"/> {{rendaku2|tari|dari}}

Superseded by the ''yodare'' reading, once the base verb {{m|ja|垂る|tr=taru||to hang down}} had shifted from the quadrigrade conjugation pattern to the lower bigrade pattern in the 15-1600s: see modern form {{m|ja|垂れる|tr=tareru}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|よだり}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|よだり}}

# {{defdate|720–1600s?}} {{lb|ja|archaic}} [[snot]]: [[nasal]] [[mucus]] hanging or oozing out from the nose
#: {{synonyms|ja|洟垂|tr1=hanatare|pos1=vulgar|鼻汁|tr2=hanajiru}}
# {{defdate|720–1600s?}} {{lb|ja|archaic}} [[drool]], [[slobber]]: [[saliva]] hanging or oozing out from the mouth
#: {{synonyms|ja|涎#Japanese:_yodare|alt1=涎|tr1=yodare|pos1=modern term}}

===Etymology 2===
{{etymid|ja|yodare}}
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|よだれ}}

Shift from earlier [[涎#Japanese:_yodari|''yodari'']] reading, due to the base verb {{m|ja|垂る|tr=taru||to hang down}} shifting from the quadrigrade conjugation pattern to the lower bigrade pattern in the 15-1600s: see modern form {{m|ja|垂れる|tr=tareru}}.

First attested in a dictionary from 1548.<ref name="K"/>

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|よだれ|acc=0|acc_ref=DJR,SMK5,NHK}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|よだれ}}

# {{defdate|from 1500s}} {{lb|ja|archaic}} [[drool]], [[slobber]]: [[saliva]] hanging or oozing out from the mouth
#: {{syn|ja|唾液|tr1=daeki|t1=saliva|pos1=formal|唾|tr2=tsubaki|t2=spit|pos2=general term|びろ|tr3=biro|q3=Tsugaru|pos3=dialect}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{ja-r|涎掛け|よだれかけ|[[baby apron]], [[bib]]}}

===References===
<references/>

{{topics|ja|Bodily fluids}}

==Korean==

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja|연}}

# {{rfdef|ko|sort=水07}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|rs=水07|reading=diên, nhiện}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=水07}}

====References====
* [http://nomfoundation.org/common/nom_details.php?codepoint=6d8e Nom Foundation]