淵

See also: 渊

Translingual

Han character

淵 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水中難中 (ELXL), four-corner 3210₀, composition ⿰氵𣶒)

1. gulf, abyss, deep
2. surge up, bubble up, gush forth

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 632, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17692
• Dae Jaweon: page 1035, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1681, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6DF5

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Chinese

trad.		淵
simp.		渊
alternative forms		渕 𣶒 𫂱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 淵
Shang
Oracle bone script

Characters in the same phonetic series (淵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
婣	*qin
鼘	*qrin, *qʷiːn
囦	*qʷiːn
淵	*qʷiːn
裫	*qʷiːns
奫	*qʷrin

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yuān (yuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yên / yân
• Eastern Min (BUC): iŏng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yuan
    • Wade–Giles: yüan¹
    • Yale: ywān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iuan
    • Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun¹
    • Yale: yūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yên
    • Hakka Romanization System: ien^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan¹
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯en²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yân
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan¹
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ian
    • Tâi-lô: ian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iefn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɛn⁴⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 淵
Mandarin	Beijing	/yan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/yan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/yan²¹/
	Jinan	/yã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/yã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/yan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/yã²¹/
	Xining	/yã⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/yan⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/yɛ̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/yan⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/yɛn⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/yan⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ian⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/iɛ̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/yen³¹/
	Hefei	/yĩ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ye¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ye̞¹³/
	Hohhot	/ye³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/yø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/iø⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ʔyõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/j̠y³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ue³¹/
	Tunxi	/yɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/yẽ³³/
	Xiangtan	/yẽ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/yɵn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/ian⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/ʒet̚¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn⁵³/
	Nanning	/yn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/jyn⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ian⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/yoŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/yiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/iaŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/in²³/

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• Middle Chinese: 'wen

Rime
Character	淵
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	先 (86)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	烏玄切
Baxter	'wen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔwen/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷen/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwɛn/
Li Rong	/ʔuen/
Wang Li	/iwen/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔiwen/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ]ʷˤi[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʷiːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	淵
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuān
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔwen ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ]ʷˁi[ŋ]/
English	abyss
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	淵
Reading #	1/1
No.	16099
Phonetic component	淵
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	淵
Old Chinese	/*qʷiːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 淵

1. abyss; deep water
2. deep; profound

   • 淵兮，似萬物之宗。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     渊兮，似万物之宗。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE

     Yuān xī, sì wànwù zhī zōng. [Pinyin]

     How deep and unfathomable it is, as if it were the Honoured Ancestor of all things!

3. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

淵

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 渊)

1. abyss
2. edge
3. deep pool

Readings

• Go-on: えん (en)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
• Kan-on: えん (en)^{←ゑん (wen, historical)}
• Kun: ふち (fuchi, 淵)、かたい (katai, 淵い)、はなわ (hanawa, 淵)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
淵
ふち Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
淵 潭 渕

Noun

淵(ふち) • (fuchi) 

1. abyss; deep pool

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Korean

Hanja

淵 (eum 연 (yeon))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

淵: Hán Nôm readings: uyên

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.