綜

See also: 综

Translingual

Han character

綜 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火十一火 (VFJMF), four-corner 2399₁, composition ⿰糸宗)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 926, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27535
• Dae Jaweon: page 1363, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3419, character 8
• Unihan data for U+7D9C

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Chinese

trad.		綜
simp.		综

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (宗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
淙	*zuːŋ, *sruːŋs, *zuːŋ
鬃	*zuːŋ, *ʔsoːŋ, *zuːŋ
漴	*zruːŋs
粽	*ʔsoːŋs
宗	*ʔsuːŋ
倧	*ʔsuːŋ
綜	*ʔsuːŋs
錝	*ʔsuːŋs
賨	*zuːŋ
琮	*zuːŋ
悰	*zuːŋ
孮	*zuːŋ
誴	*zuːŋ
崇	*zruŋ
崈	*zruŋ
踪	*ʔsoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsuːŋs) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 綜

1. to put together; to assemble; to gather
2. to synthesise; to sum up
3. to manage; to administer
4. to be proficient in
5. Classifier for threads or hairs: strand
6. to become crumpled; to crease

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zèng, zòng (zeng⁴, zong⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄥˋ, ㄗㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zèng
    • Wade–Giles: tsêng⁴
    • Yale: dzèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzenq
    • Palladius: цзэн (czɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zòng
    • Wade–Giles: tsung⁴
    • Yale: dzùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzonq
    • Palladius: цзун (czun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung³
    • Yale: jung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsowngH

Rime
Character	綜
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	子宋切
Baxter	tsowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suoŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suoŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡soŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sawŋH/
Li Rong	/t͡soŋH/
Wang Li	/t͡suoŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suoŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s-t]ˤuŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsuːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	綜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zòng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsowngH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s-t]ˁuŋ-s/
English	collect (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	綜
Reading #	1/1
No.	17894
Phonetic component	宗
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	綜
Old Chinese	/*ʔsuːŋs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 綜

1. heddle (on a loom)

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Japanese

Kanji

綜

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. rule
2. synthesize

Readings

• Go-on: そ (so)
• Kan-on: そう (sō)
• Kun: おさめる (osameru, 綜める); すべる (suberu, 綜べる)

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Korean

Hanja

綜 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 綜 (tổng, tống)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.