謁見

See also: 谒见

Chinese

		to visit (a superior)	to see; to meet; to appear to see; to meet; to appear; to interview
trad. (謁見)		謁	見
simp. (谒见)		谒	见

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yèjiàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jit³ gin³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iat-kiàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yèjiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yèjiàn
    • Wade–Giles: yeh⁴-chien⁴
    • Yale: yè-jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yehjiann
    • Palladius: ецзянь (jeczjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jit³ gin³
    • Yale: yit gin
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jit⁸ gin³
    • Guangdong Romanization: yid³ gin³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːt̚³ kiːn³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iat-kiàn
    • Tâi-lô: iat-kiàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iatkiexn
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɛn⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛt̚³²⁻⁵ kiɛn²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /iɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jot kenH

Rime
Character	謁	見
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	月 (67)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	於歇切	古電切
Baxter	'jot	kenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨɐt̚/	/kenH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɐt̚/	/kenH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiɐt̚/	/kɛnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨat̚/	/kɛnH/
Li Rong	/ʔiɐt̚/	/kenH/
Wang Li	/ĭɐt̚/	/kienH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɨ̯ɐt̚/	/kienH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ye	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jit3	gin3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qat  [k]ˤen-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qad  keːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	謁	見
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yè	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ 'jot ›	‹ kenH ›
Old Chinese	/*qat/	/*[k]ˁen-s/
English	go to visit	see (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	謁	見
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	5067	6192
Phonetic component	曷	見
Rime group	月	元
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	謁	見
Old Chinese	/*qad/	/*keːns/

Verb

謁見

1. (literary) to call on a superior or a senior in the clan hierarchy; to have an audience with

Synonyms

edit

• 參見 / 参见 (cānjiàn) (literary)
• 拜會 / 拜会 (bàihuì) (honorific, chiefly in diplomatic contexts)
• 拜見 / 拜见 (bàijiàn) (honorific)
• 拜謁 / 拜谒 (bàiyè) (honorific, literary)
• 進見 / 进见 (jìnjiàn)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (謁見):

• → Japanese: 謁見(えっけん) (ekken)
• → Korean: 알현(謁見) (alhyeon)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
謁	見
えつ > えっ Grade: S	けん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
謁見 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) えっけん [èkkéń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [e̞k̚kẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

謁(えっ)見(けん) • (ekken) ^{←えつけん (etuken)?}

1. visiting/having an audience with a superior, especially nobility

Verb

謁(えっ)見(けん)する • (ekken suru) ^{←えつけん (etuken)?}suru (stem 謁(えっ)見(けん)し (ekken shi), past 謁(えっ)見(けん)した (ekken shita))

1. to visit/have an audience with a superior, especially nobility

Conjugation

Conjugation of "謁見する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	謁見し	えっけんし	ekken shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	謁見し	えっけんし	ekken shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	謁見する	えっけんする	ekken suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	謁見する	えっけんする	ekken suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	謁見すれ	えっけんすれ	ekken sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	謁見せよ¹ 謁見しろ²	えっけんせよ¹ えっけんしろ²	ekken seyo¹ ekken shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	謁見される	えっけんされる	ekken sareru
Causative	謁見させる 謁見さす	えっけんさせる えっけんさす	ekken saseru ekken sasu
Potential	謁見できる	えっけんできる	ekken dekiru
Volitional	謁見しよう	えっけんしよう	ekken shiyō
Negative	謁見しない	えっけんしない	ekken shinai
Negative continuative	謁見せず	えっけんせず	ekken sezu
Formal	謁見します	えっけんします	ekken shimasu
Perfective	謁見した	えっけんした	ekken shita
Conjunctive	謁見して	えっけんして	ekken shite
Hypothetical conditional	謁見すれば	えっけんすれば	ekken sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

References

• “謁見”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
謁	見

Noun

謁見 • (alhyeon) (hangeul 알현)

1. hanja form^? of 알현 (“audience with a superior, especially nobility”)