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述べる

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 5
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
宣べる
陳べる
演べる
叙べる

From the classical lower bigrade verb (バ行下二段活用) のぶ (nobu). Cognate with Japanese ()べる (noberu) and ()べる (noberu).

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 述べる
Plain 述べる [nòbéꜜrù]
Conjunctive 述べて べて [nóꜜbètè]
Perfective 述べた べた [nóꜜbètà]
Negative 述べない ない [nòbéꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 述べなかった なかった [nòbéꜜnàkàttà]
Hypothetical conditional 述べれば れば [nòbéꜜrèbà]
Past conditional 述べたら べたら [nóꜜbètàrà]
Imperative 述べろ
述べよ

[nòbéꜜrò]
[nòbéꜜyò]
Volitional 述べよう べよ [nòbéyóꜜò]
Desiderative 述べたい べた [nòbétáꜜì]
Formal 述べます べま [nòbémáꜜsù]
Formal negative 述べません べませ [nòbémáséꜜǹ]
Formal volitional 述べましょう べましょ [nòbémáshóꜜò]
Formal perfective 述べました べました [nòbémáꜜshìtà]
Continuative 述べ
述べに

べに
[nóꜜbè]
[nóꜜbè nì]
Negative continuative 述べず
述べずに

ずに
[nòbéꜜzù]
[nòbéꜜzù nì]
Passive 述べられる べられ [nòbéráréꜜrù]
Causative 述べさせる
述べさす
べさせ
べさ
[nòbésáséꜜrù]
[nòbésáꜜsù]
Potential 述べられる
述べれる
べられ
べれ
[nòbéráréꜜrù]
[nòbéréꜜrù]

Verb

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()べる (noberutransitive ichidan (stem () (nobe), past ()べた (nobeta))

  1. to express or state something
    (かれ)()(ぶん)()(けん)()べた
    Kare ga jibun no iken o nobeta.
    He expressed his own opinion.
    ()(ぜん)()べた(とお)
    izen ni nobeta-tōri
    as stated previously

Usage notes

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A common construction for using this verb would be:

  • 述べる
    [who][what]のべる
    [who] ga [what] o noberu
    [who] expresses [what]

Conjugation

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Conjugation of "述べる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 述べ のべ nobe
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 述べ のべ nobe
Shūshikei ("terminal") 述べる のべる noberu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 述べる のべる noberu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 述べれ のべれ nobere
Meireikei ("imperative") 述べよ¹
述べろ²
のべよ¹
のべろ²
nobeyo¹
nobero²
Key constructions
Passive 述べられる のべられる noberareru
Causative 述べさせる
述べさす
のべさせる
のべさす
nobesaseru
nobesasu
Potential 述べられる
述べれる³
のべられる
のべれる³
noberareru
nobereru³
Volitional 述べよう のべよう nobeyō
Negative 述べない
述べぬ
述べん
のべない
のべぬ
のべん
nobenai
nobenu
noben
Negative continuative 述べず のべず nobezu
Formal 述べます のべます nobemasu
Perfective 述べた のべた nobeta
Conjunctive 述べて のべて nobete
Hypothetical conditional 述べれば のべれば nobereba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN