凍

See also: 冻

凍 U+51CD, 凍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51CD ← 凌 [U+51CC] CJK Unified Ideographs 凎 → [U+51CE]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

凍 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈一木田 (IMDW), four-corner 3519₆, composition ⿰冫東)

Derived characters

• 𢟞

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 132, character 46
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1670
• Dae Jaweon: page 297, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 298, character 7
• Unihan data for U+51CD

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Chinese

trad.		凍
simp.		冻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (東) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
東	*toːŋ
菄	*toːŋ
鶇	*toːŋ
倲	*toːŋ
涷	*toːŋ, *toːŋs
蝀	*toːŋ, *toːŋʔ
凍	*toːŋ, *toːŋs
鯟	*toːŋ
崠	*toːŋ
埬	*toːŋ
棟	*toːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *toːŋ, *toːŋs) : semantic 冫 + phonetic 東 (OC *toːŋ).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 凍

1. cold; (of weather) chilly
2. to freeze
3. jelly
4. a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 冷 (“cold”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		冷, 寒冷 weather
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	冷
	Taiwan	冷
	Singapore	冷
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	冷
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	冷
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	冷
	Wanrong	冷
	Xi'an	冷
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	冷
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	冷, 凊 very cold
	Wuhan	冷, 冷凊 weather
	Guilin	冷
	Liuzhou	冷, 凊
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	冷
	Hefei	冷
Cantonese	Guangzhou	凍, 冷
	Hong Kong	凍, 冷 weather
	Taishan	冷
	Yangjiang	凍, 冷 weather
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	凍
	Singapore (Guangfu)	凍
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	凍
Gan	Nanchang	冷
	Lichuan	冷
Hakka	Meixian	冷
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	冷, 寒
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	冷, 寒人
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	冷
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	冷, 寒
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	冷, 寒
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	冷, 寒
Huizhou	Jixi	冷, 凍
Jin	Taiyuan	冷
Northern Min	Jian'ou	凊, 鎮 very cold
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	凊, 凍
Southern Min	Xiamen	冷, 凊, 寒 weather
	Quanzhou	冷, 凊, 寒
	Shishi	寒
	Zhangzhou	冷, 凊, 寒
	Zhao'an	寒
	Dongshan	寒
	Taipei	冷, 凊, 寒
	Penang (Hokkien)	冷, 寒 weather, 凊
	Singapore (Hokkien)	冷, 寒 weather
	Manila (Hokkien)	冷, 寒, 凊
	Chaozhou	凝, 寒 weather, 凊
	Shantou	凝, 寒, 凊, 冷
	Shantou (Chenghai)	凝, 凊
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	凝
	Jieyang	凝, 凊
	Singapore (Teochew)	凝
	Wenchang	寒
	Qionghai	寒
	Singapore (Hainanese)	凊, 寒 weather
Wu	Shanghai	冷
	Shanghai (Chongming)	冷
	Suzhou	冷, 凍 weather
	Danyang	冷
	Hangzhou	冷
	Ningbo	冷
	Wenzhou	冷, 凍
	Lishui	冷
	Jinhua	冷
	Yushan	凊
Xiang	Changsha	冷, 凊 very cold
	Shuangfeng	冷, 凊 very cold

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

凍

(Jōyō kanji)

1. frozen

Readings

• Go-on: つう (tsū)^{←つう (tuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)^{←とう (tou, historical)}
• Kun: こおる (kōru, 凍る, Jōyō)^{←こほる (koforu, 凍る, historical)}、こごえる (kogoeru, 凍える, Jōyō)、いてる (iteru, 凍てる)、しみる (shimiru, 凍みる)

Compounds

• 不(ふ)凍(とう) (futō, “nonfreezing”)

Related terms

• 凍(い)てる (iteru)
• 凍(こお)る (kōru)
• 凍(こご)える (kogoeru)
• 凍(し)みる (shimiru)
• 凍(こお)らす (kōrasu)

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Korean

Hanja

凍 (eum 동 (dong))

1. freeze
2. cold, congeal
3. jelly

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Vietnamese

Han character

凍: Hán Nôm readings: đống, đông, gióng, rúng, đóng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.