Manchuria

See also: Manchúria

English

Alternative forms

• (obsolete): Mansiouria, Mandschuria, Mantchuria, Mantchooria

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mænˈt͡ʃʊəɹiə/

Etymology

Probably originally a backformation from Manchurian (“of or relating to the Manchus”), from Dutch Mansiourische, from Mansiouwer (“a Manchu”) + -isch (“-ish: forming adjectives”), possibly as a calque of Japanese 満州 (まんしゅう, Manshū, “Manchuria; Manchurian”). Equivalent to (deprecated template usage) [etyl] New Latin and English Manchu +‎ -ia, with the r added for ease of pronunciation under the influence of names like Etruria, Liguria, &c. Cf. French Mandchourie, German Mandschurei, &c. Further popularized by Philipp von Siebold's early-19th-century Dutch translations of Japanese maps employing the term, replacing the earlier and vaguer Tartary, Eastern Tartary, Chinese Tartary, &c.

Proper noun

Manchuria

1. (historical) The area traditionally inhabited by the Manchu people and their Jurchen predecessors, now divided between China ("Inner Manchuria") and Russia ("Outer Manchuria").
   • 1706, translating Evert Ysbrants Ides as Three Years Travels from Moscow Over-Land to China, thro' Great Ustiga, Siriania, Permia, Sibiria, Daour, Great Tartary, &c. to Peking, p. 55:

     The Men, Women and young Girls, wear the same Habit as the Mansiourian Tartars in China.

2. (historical, sometimes proscribed) Synonym of Later Jin: the Manchu state preceding the Qing Empire.
3. (historical) Synonym of Manchukuo: a former puppet state of Imperial Japan.
4. (sometimes proscribed) The three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang in northeastern China.

Holonyms

• (traditional area): Tartary (obsolete)

Synonyms

• (Northeastern China): Northeast, Inner Manchuria

Usage notes

The association with the Japanese puppet state and ethnic separatism causes China to avoid and discourage official use of the term Manchuria, preferring the Northeast, Northeast China, &c. The area's 107 million people were over 85% Han during the 2010 census.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• Greater Manchuria
• Inner Manchuria

• Outer Manchuria
• South Manchuria

Translations

Historic: Traditional land of the Manchu people

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 滿洲／满洲 (zh) (Mǎnzhōu), 满洲 (zh) (Mǎnzhōu)

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Japanese: 満州 (ja) (まんしゅう, Manshū)

China's northeastern three provinces

• Arabic: مَنْشُورِيَا f (manšūriyā)
• Armenian: Մանջուրիա (Manǰuria)
• Asturian: Manchuria f
• Azerbaijani: Mancuriya
• Basque: Mantxuria
• Belarusian: Маньчжу́рыя f (Manʹčžúryja)
• Bengali: মাঞ্চুরিয়া (mancuriẏa)
• Bulgarian: Манджу́рия f (Mandžúrija)
• Catalan: Manxúria f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 東北／东北 (zh) (dōngběi), 东北 (zh) (Dōngběi); 關東／关东 (zh) (Guāndōng), 关东 (zh) (Guāndōng)

• Czech: Mandžusko n
• Danish: Manchuriet n
• Dutch: Mantsjoerije
• Esperanto: Manĉurio, Manĉurujo
• Estonian: Mandžuuria
• Finnish: Mantšuria (fi)
• French: Mandchourie (fr)
• Galician: Manchuria f
• Georgian: მანჯურია (manǯuria)
• German: Mandschurei n
• Greek: Μαντζουρία f (Mantzouría)
• Hebrew: מנצ׳וריה f (manchuriya)
• Hindi: मंचूरिया (mañcūriyā)
• Hungarian: Mandzsúria (hu)
• Ido: Mandjuria (io)
• Indonesian: Manchuria
• Irish: an Mhanchúir f
• Italian: Manciuria (it) f
• Japanese: 満州 (ja) (まんしゅう, Manshū), 関東 (ja) (かんとう, Kantō)
• Khmer: ម៉ាន់ជូរី (mancuurii)
• Korean: 만주 (Manju) (滿洲 (ko))
• Kyrgyz: Манжурия (Manjuriya)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latvian: Mandžūrija f
• Lithuanian: Mandžiūrija f
• Macedonian: Манџурија f (Mandžurija)
• Malay: Manchuria
• Manchu: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (manju)
• Manx: Yn Vançhoor f
• Marathi: मांचुरिया (māñcuriyā)
• Mongolian: Манжуур (Manžuur), Манж (Manž)

  Uyghurjin: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ (manǰuur), ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ (manǰu)

• Norwegian: Mandsjuria
• Occitan: Manchoria f
• Persian: منچوری (fa) (mančuri)
• Polish: Mandżuria (pl) f
• Portuguese: Manchúria (pt) f
• Romanian: Manciuria f
• Russian: Маньчжу́рия (ru) f (Manʹčžúrija)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Ма̀нџӯрија f

  Roman: Màndžūrija (sh) f

• Slovak: Mandžusko n
• Spanish: Manchuria f
• Swahili: Manchuria
• Swedish: Manchuriet (sv)
• Tagalog: Manchuria
• Telugu: మంచూరియా (mañcūriyā)
• Thai: แมนจูเรีย (mɛɛn-juu-riia)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: Mançurya
• Ukrainian: Маньчжу́рія f (Manʹčžúrija)
• Uyghur: مانجۇرىيە (manjuriye)
• Uzbek: Manjuriya
• Vietnamese: Mãn Châu (vi) (滿洲)
• Xibe: please add this translation if you can

References

• “Manchurian, adj. and n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, 2000.

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Asturian

Proper noun

Manchuria f

1. Manchuria