Peking
English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
c. 1655, romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 北京 (Běijīng), q.v. The early Portuguese and Jesuits such as Francis Xavier used the spelling Paquim; Abraham Ortelius used C. Paquin for his 1572 Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, the first modern atlas; Italian Jesuit Martino Martini used Peking in his 1654 Latin De Bello Tartarico Historia and 1655 Novus Atlas Sinensis, which were quickly translated into English and later used by Joan Blaeu for his 1665 Atlas Maior. Peter Heylyn's Cosmographie changed its spelling from Paquin in the 1652 edition to Peking in the 1658 edition, but both Pekin and Peking were used interchangeably in English until the Chinese Imperial Post adopted Peking as its official transcription in the 1890s.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /piːˈkɪŋ/,[1][2][3] /peɪ.ˈkɪŋ/[1][2]
- enPR: pēʹkǐngʹ, pāʹkǐngʹ
Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪŋ
- Hyphenation: Pe‧king
Proper noun[edit]
Peking
- Dated form of Beijing, a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China.
-
- The Emperour hearing of the ill ſucceſſe of this Affairs, began to think of leaving the Northern parts, where his Royal City of Peking is ſituated, and to paſſe to Nankuing which is far more Southward; but he was diſſwaded from this intended courſe as well by his loyal, as diſloyal ſubjec͡ts : by theſe, that they might give him up more ſpeedily into the enemies hands, before their treachery was diſcovered; and by the others, leſt his flight might trouble the Kingdome more, and diſcourage all his Subjec͡ts from giving their beſt aſſiſtance; for they thought the City impregnable, being fortified with ſo ſtrong a Garriſon; nor did they doubt that the Kings preſence would draw the ſources of the whole Kingdom to him.
- 1972 February 20, President Richard Nixon, Nixon in China (The Film)[2], Agana, Guam: Richard Nixon Presidential Library, 15:48 from the start:
- This is not a time for a long speech but, I would not want this opportunity to pass without saying just a word with regard to the significance of this moment. Some of you may recall that it was two and a half years ago that right here in Guam, I announced a new direction for American foreign policy based on the principles of self-reliance, self-respect- equal dignity for all nations, large and small throughout the world. And tomorrow, I will take off from Guam for Shanghai and Peking, the first President of the United States ever to visit China. Guam, I know it is said, is where the American day begins. And I would hope that all of you today would join me in this prayer, that with this trip to China, a new day may begin for the whole world. Thank you very much.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Peking.
-
- (metonymically) The government of the People's Republic of China; the central leadership of the Chinese Communist Party.
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Peking.
Usage notes[edit]
Cultural terms using Peking such as Peking duck and Peking opera are the standard English language forms. However, as a reference to the city itself, Peking, though common in English into the 1980s,[4] is less common than the pinyin-derived Beijing in standard English and can feel dated and/or historical. The adjectival form Pekingese is more common than the more recently generated terms Beijingese and Beijinger.
Coordinate terms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “Peking” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 “Peking”, in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
- ^ “Peking”, in Collins English Dictionary.
- ^ Peking,Beijing at Google Ngram Viewer
Further reading[edit]
- “Peking, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
- Peking at OneLook Dictionary Search
- “Peking” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2022.
Anagrams[edit]
Czech[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking m
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Peking in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu
- Peking in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking n
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Finnish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- Beijing (rare)
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China).
Declension[edit]
Inflection of Peking (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | Peking | — | |
genitive | Pekingin | — | |
partitive | Pekingiä | — | |
illative | Pekingiin | — | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | Peking | — | |
accusative | nom. | Peking | — |
gen. | Pekingin | ||
genitive | Pekingin | — | |
partitive | Pekingiä | — | |
inessive | Pekingissä | — | |
elative | Pekingistä | — | |
illative | Pekingiin | — | |
adessive | Pekingillä | — | |
ablative | Pekingiltä | — | |
allative | Pekingille | — | |
essive | Pekinginä | — | |
translative | Pekingiksi | — | |
instructive | — | — | |
abessive | Pekingittä | — | |
comitative | — | — |
Possessive forms of Peking (type risti) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | Pekingini | Pekingimme |
2nd person | Pekingisi | Pekinginne |
3rd person | Pekinginsä |
Derived terms[edit]
German[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking n (proper noun, genitive Pekings or (optionally with an article) Peking)
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
- Synonym: (rare) Beijing
Usage notes[edit]
- In German, Peking remains the vastly predominant form of the name in all contexts (except perhaps sinologist literature and the like).
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “Peking” in Duden online
- “Peking” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Peking on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
Hungarian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Peking | — |
accusative | Pekinget | — |
dative | Pekingnek | — |
instrumental | Pekinggel | — |
causal-final | Pekingért | — |
translative | Pekinggé | — |
terminative | Pekingig | — |
essive-formal | Pekingként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Pekingben | — |
superessive | Pekingen | — |
adessive | Pekingnél | — |
illative | Pekingbe | — |
sublative | Pekingre | — |
allative | Pekinghez | — |
elative | Pekingből | — |
delative | Pekingről | — |
ablative | Pekingtől | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Pekingé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Pekingéi | — |
Possessive forms of Peking | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Pekingem | — |
2nd person sing. | Pekinged | — |
3rd person sing. | Pekingje | — |
1st person plural | Pekingünk | — |
2nd person plural | Pekingetek | — |
3rd person plural | Pekingjük | — |
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Interlingua[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking
- Peking (the former name of Beijing, a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Pèking m (Cyrillic spelling Пѐкинг)
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Declension[edit]
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | Peking |
genitive | Pekinga |
dative | Pekingu |
accusative | Peking |
vocative | Pekinže |
locative | Pekingu |
instrumental | Pekingom |
Slovak[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking m (genitive Pekingu)
References[edit]
- Peking in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
Swedish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Peking ? (genitive Pekings)
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
Anagrams[edit]
Tagalog[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Péking
- Beijing, Peking (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
- English terms borrowed from Mandarin
- English terms derived from Mandarin
- English terms borrowed from Chinese
- English terms derived from Chinese
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɪŋ
- Rhymes:English/ɪŋ/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English dated forms
- en:Municipalities of China
- en:Cities in China
- en:National capitals
- en:Places in China
- English terms with quotations
- English metonyms
- en:Beijing
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech proper nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- cs:Municipalities of China
- cs:Cities in China
- cs:National capitals
- cs:Places in China
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch proper nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- nl:Municipalities of China
- nl:Cities in China
- nl:National capitals
- nl:Places in China
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ekiŋː
- Rhymes:Finnish/ekiŋː/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish proper nouns
- fi:Municipalities of China
- fi:Cities in China
- fi:National capitals
- fi:Places in China
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- Finnish uncountable nouns
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German proper nouns
- German neuter nouns
- de:Municipalities of China
- de:Cities in China
- de:National capitals
- de:Places in China
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/iŋɡ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/iŋɡ/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian proper nouns
- hu:Municipalities of China
- hu:Cities in China
- hu:National capitals
- hu:Places in China
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua proper nouns
- ia:Municipalities of China
- ia:Cities in China
- ia:National capitals
- ia:Places in China
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Municipalities of China
- sh:Cities in China
- sh:National capitals
- sh:Places in China
- Slovak terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovak lemmas
- Slovak proper nouns
- Slovak masculine nouns
- sk:Cities in China
- sk:National capitals
- sk:Places in China
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish proper nouns
- sv:Municipalities of China
- sv:Cities in China
- sv:National capitals
- sv:Places in China
- Tagalog terms borrowed from English
- Tagalog terms derived from English
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog proper nouns
- tl:Municipalities of China
- tl:Cities in China
- tl:National capitals
- tl:Places in China