Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sehwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *sekʷ-e-ti, thematic root present of Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to see, notice”), possibly related to *sagjaz (“companion, friend”, literally “follower”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈse.xʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sehwaną

1. to see

Inflection

Note: Voiced Verner alternant gw becomes w, but g next to u.

Conjugation of *sehwaną (strong class 5)

	active voice				passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sehwō	*sehwaų	—		*sehwai	?
2nd singular	*sihwizi	*sehwaiz	*sehw		*sehwazai	*sehwaizau
3rd singular	*sihwidi	*sehwai	*sehwadau		*sehwadai	*sehwaidau
1st dual	*sehwōz	*sehwaiw	—		—	—
2nd dual	*sehwadiz	*sehwaidiz	*sehwadiz		—	—
1st plural	*sehwamaz	*sehwaim	—		*sehwandai	*sehwaindau
2nd plural	*sihwid	*sehwaid	*sihwid		*sehwandai	*sehwaindau
3rd plural	*sehwandi	*sehwain	*sehwandau		*sehwandai	*sehwaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sahw	*sēwį̄
2nd singular	*saht	*sēwīz
3rd singular	*sahw	*sēwī
1st dual	*sēgū	*sēwīw
2nd dual	*sēgudiz	*sēwīdiz
1st plural	*sēgum	*sēwīm
2nd plural	*sēgud	*sēwīd
3rd plural	*sēgun	*sēwīn
	present	past
participles	*sehwandz	*sewanaz

Derived terms

• *bisehwaną
• *gasehwaną
• *siuniz
• *uzsehwaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sehwan
  • Old English: sēon
    • Middle English: seen, se, sein, sen, sien, seo, seon, soe, son, suen (chiefly early West Midland), zi (Kent)
      • English: see
        • >? Sranan Tongo: si, syi
          • Aukan: si
          • Saramaccan: si
      • Middle Scots: se, see, sie
        • Scots: see, sei
      • Yola: zee, zie, ze, zey
  • Old Frisian: siā
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr-Amrum: sä

      Goesharde: siin

      Halligen: siine

      Heligoland: si

      Mooring: siinj

      Sylt: se

      Wiedingharde: säie

    • Saterland Frisian: sjo
    • West Frisian: sjen
  • Old Saxon: sehan
    • Middle Low German: sehen, sēn
      • Low German: sehn
      • Plautdietsch: seenen
  • Frankish: *sehan
    • Old Dutch: sian
      • Middle Dutch: sien
        • Dutch: zien
          • Afrikaans: sien
          • Javindo: sien, siet
          • Jersey Dutch: zîn, zîne
          • >? Sranan Tongo: si, syi
            • Aukan: si
            • Saramaccan: si
        • Limburgish: zeen
  • Old High German: sehan
    • Middle High German: sëhen; sēn (chiefly East Central); sien (West Central)
      • Bavarian: segn
      • Central Franconian: sehn, senn, siehn, sinn

        Hunsrik: sihn

      • German: sehen
      • Mòcheno: sechen
      • Pennsylvania German: sehne
      • Vilamovian: zaon
      • Yiddish: זען (zen)
• Old Norse: sjá, séa, siá
  • Icelandic: sjá
  • Faroese: síggja, sjá
  • Norwegian:
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: sjå
    • Norwegian Bokmål: se
  • Jamtish: sjá
  • Elfdalian: sją̊
  • Old Swedish: sēa, sīa
    • Swedish: se, sia
  • Old Danish: sē
    • Danish: se
    • Scanian: sé
  • Gutnish: seie
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽 (saiƕan)