Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/byti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (present) and *bʰúHt (other forms).[1]
Verb
[edit]- to be
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of *byti (athematic, suppletive)
| infinitive | *byti | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| supine | *bytъ | ||
| verbal noun | *bytьje | ||
| participles | present | past | future |
| active | *sy | *byvъ | *bǫdy |
| passive | — | — | — |
| resultative | — | *bylъ | — |
| present | future | imperative | |
| 1st singular | *esmь | *bǫdǫ | — |
| 2nd singular | *esi | *bǫdešь | *bǫdi |
| 3rd singular | *estь | *bǫdetь | *bǫdi |
| 1st dual | *esvě | *bǫdevě | *bǫděve |
| 2nd dual | *esta | *bǫdeta | *bǫděta |
| 3rd dual | *este | *bǫdete | — |
| 1st plural | *esmъ | *bǫdemъ | *bǫděmъ |
| 2nd plural | *este | *bǫdete | *bǫděte |
| 3rd plural | *sǫtь | *bǫdǫtь | *bǫdǫ |
| imperfect | imperfective aorist | perfective aorist | |
| 1st singular | — | *běxъ | *byxъ |
| 2nd singular | — | *bě | *bystъ, *by |
| 3rd singular | *běaše | *bě | *bystъ, *by |
| 1st dual | — | *běxově | *byxově |
| 2nd dual | — | *běsta | *bysta |
| 3rd dual | *běašete | *běste | *byste |
| 1st plural | — | *běxomъ | *byxomъ |
| 2nd plural | — | *běste | *byste |
| 3rd plural | *běaxǫ | *běšę | *byšę |
Derived terms
[edit]- *a by
- *baviti
- *bǫdǫťe (“future”)
- *bydlo (“dwelling”)
- *byjati (“to be, to become”)
- *bylь (“plant stem, stalk”)
- *bylьje (“herb”)
- *bylьkarjь (“herbalist”)
- *čьrnobylь, *čьrnobylъ
- *bytь (“culture, essence”)
- *bytьje (“existence, being”)
- *bytьnъ (“essential, existent”)
- *byto (“being, creature”)
- *bytъ (“entity”)
- *byvati
- *byvъ (“former”)
- *dobyti
- *jьzbǫnǫti
- *jьzbyti
- *nabaviti
- *o by
- *obyti
- *otъbyti
- *perbyti
- *pribyti
- *sъbyti
- *ubyti
- *zabyti
Related terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*byti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 155
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bytьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 156
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1997), “*nebytьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 24 (*navijati (sę)/*navivati (sę) – *nerodimъ(jь)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 109
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bǫdǫ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 233
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*esmь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 32
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ne esmь, *ne esi, *ne estь/*něsmь, *něsi, *něstь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 32
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “быть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бы”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “быст”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бых”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “буду”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “будто”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бышащее”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “несть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “быть I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 290
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “было́й”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 278
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бытье́”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 291
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “быт I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 286
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бы́тый”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 290
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бы”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 269
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “быст”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 283
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бысь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 286
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бу́ди”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 47
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бу́ду”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 53
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бу́де”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 43
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бу́дущий”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 54
- Anikin, A. E. (2011), “бышащее”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 5 (буба – вакштаф), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 293
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “быть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 129
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bỳti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 71: “v. (a) ‘be’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “1byti: bǫdǫ bǫdetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 208, 234, 236, 260; PR 133; MP 22)”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “2byti (st. by-): jesmь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c være (PR 139)”
- ^ Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “бꙑти”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][3] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 204
- ^ Barkhudarov, S. G., editor (1975), “быти”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 1 (а – бяшенина), Moscow: Nauka, page 366
- ^ “buiti”, in Freising manuscripts[4], 1005±33, page 4 (2.2/159r), line 42
- ^ “choku biti”, in Freising manuscripts[5], 1005±33, page 1 (1.1/78r), line 7
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- Proto-Slavic athematic verbs
- Proto-Slavic suppletive verbs