amainar

Catalan

Etymology

Uncertain, perhaps related to Old French amaisnier.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ə.məjˈna]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [a.majˈnaɾ]

Verb

amainar (first-person singular present amaino, first-person singular preterite amainí, past participle amainat)

1. to abate (to lessen in force)
2. to lose weight
3. (nautical) to shorten (sails)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of amainar (first conjugation)

infinitive			amainar
gerund			amainant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		amainat		amainada
		plural		amainats		amainades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	amaino	amaines	amaina	amainem	amaineu	amainen
	imperfect	amainava	amainaves	amainava	amainàvem	amainàveu	amainaven
	future	amainaré	amainaràs	amainarà	amainarem	amainareu	amainaran
	preterite	amainí	amainares	amainà	amainàrem	amainàreu	amainaren
	conditional	amainaria	amainaries	amainaria	amainaríem	amainaríeu	amainarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	amaini	amainis	amaini	amainem	amaineu	amainin
	imperfect	amainés	amainessis	amainés	amainéssim	amainéssiu	amainessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	amaina	amaini	amainem	amaineu	amainin
	negative (no)	—	no amainis	no amaini	no amainem	no amaineu	no amainin

Descendants

• → Spanish: amainar

Further reading

• “amainar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “amainar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “amainar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “amainar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• amaynar (obsolete)

Etymology

Uncertain. Suggested derivations include:

• Gothic *𐌰𐍆𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (*afmaginōn), via Catalan amainar;
• Latin *invāgīnāre, via Italian ammainare;
• Latin ad- + *mināre

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.majˈna(ʁ)/ [a.maɪ̯ˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.majˈna(ʁ)/ [a.maɪ̯ˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /a.majˈna(ɾ)/ [a.maɪ̯ˈna(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /a.majˈna(ʁ)/ [a.maɪ̯ˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /a.majˈna(ɻ)/ [a.maɪ̯ˈna(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.majˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.majˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐ.majˈna.ɾi/

Verb

amainar (first-person singular present amaino, first-person singular preterite amainei, past participle amainado)

1. to abate (to lessen in force)

   Synonyms: abrandar, acalmar, ceder

2. to calm down (to become less excited, intense, or angry)

   Synonym: acalmar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of amainar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	amainar
Personal	amainar	amainares	amainar	amainarmos	amainardes	amainarem
Gerund
	amainando
Past participle
Masculine	amainado			amainados
Feminine	amainada			amainadas
Indicative
Present	amaino	amainas	amaina	amainamos	amainais	amainam
Imperfect	amainava	amainavas	amainava	amainávamos	amaináveis	amainavam
Preterite	amainei	amainaste	amainou	amainamos1, amainámos2	amainastes	amainaram
Pluperfect	amainara	amainaras	amainara	amaináramos	amaináreis	amainaram
Future	amainarei	amainarás	amainará	amainaremos	amainareis	amainarão
Conditional	amainaria	amainarias	amainaria	amainaríamos	amainaríeis	amainariam
Subjunctive
Present	amaine	amaines	amaine	amainemos	amaineis	amainem
Imperfect	amainasse	amainasses	amainasse	amainássemos	amainásseis	amainassem
Future	amainar	amainares	amainar	amainarmos	amainardes	amainarem
Imperative
Affirmative		amaina	amaine	amainemos	amainai	amainem
Negative (não)		não amaines	não amaine	não amainemos	não amaineis	não amainem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• amainado

Further reading

• “amainar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
• “amainar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Catalan amainar, from Gothic *𐌰𐍆𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (*afmaginōn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /amaiˈnaɾ/ [a.mai̯ˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: a‧mai‧nar

Verb

amainar (first-person singular present amaino, first-person singular preterite amainé, past participle amainado)

1. (intransitive) to abate, to die down, to subside, to let up, to ease off

   Antonym: arreciar

   • 2020 November 27, Silvia Ayuso, “El clamor tras la paliza policial a un hombre negro provoca tensión en el Gobierno francés”, in El País‎^[1], retrieved 2020-11-27:

     Esta vez, la tormenta sopla por todas partes, también desde dentro, y no parece amainar.

     This time, the storm is blowing everywhere, also from within, and it doesn't seem to calm down.

2. (transitive) to shorten, to take in

Conjugation

    Conjugation of amainar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			amainar
gerund			amainando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		amainado		amainada
		plural		amainados		amainadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	amaino	amainastú amainásvos	amaina	amainamos	amaináis	amainan
	imperfect	amainaba	amainabas	amainaba	amainábamos	amainabais	amainaban
	preterite	amainé	amainaste	amainó	amainamos	amainasteis	amainaron
	future	amainaré	amainarás	amainará	amainaremos	amainaréis	amainarán
	conditional	amainaría	amainarías	amainaría	amainaríamos	amainaríais	amainarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	amaine	amainestú amainésvos2	amaine	amainemos	amainéis	amainen
	imperfect (ra)	amainara	amainaras	amainara	amaináramos	amainarais	amainaran
	imperfect (se)	amainase	amainases	amainase	amainásemos	amainaseis	amainasen
	future1	amainare	amainares	amainare	amaináremos	amainareis	amainaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		amainatú amainávos	amaine	amainemos	amainad	amainen
	negative		no amaines	no amaine	no amainemos	no amainéis	no amainen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of amainar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive amainar
	dative	amainarme	amainarte	amainarle, amainarse	amainarnos	amainaros	amainarles, amainarse
	accusative	amainarme	amainarte	amainarlo, amainarla, amainarse	amainarnos	amainaros	amainarlos, amainarlas, amainarse
with gerund amainando
	dative	amainándome	amainándote	amainándole, amainándose	amainándonos	amainándoos	amainándoles, amainándose
	accusative	amainándome	amainándote	amainándolo, amainándola, amainándose	amainándonos	amainándoos	amainándolos, amainándolas, amainándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative amaina
	dative	amáiname	amáinate	amáinale	amáinanos	not used	amáinales
	accusative	amáiname	amáinate	amáinalo, amáinala	amáinanos	not used	amáinalos, amáinalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative amainá
	dative	amainame	amainate	amainale	amainanos	not used	amainales
	accusative	amainame	amainate	amainalo, amainala	amainanos	not used	amainalos, amainalas
with formal second-person singular imperative amaine
	dative	amáineme	not used	amáinele, amáinese	amáinenos	not used	amáineles
	accusative	amáineme	not used	amáinelo, amáinela, amáinese	amáinenos	not used	amáinelos, amáinelas
with first-person plural imperative amainemos
	dative	not used	amainémoste	amainémosle	amainémonos	amainémoos	amainémosles
	accusative	not used	amainémoste	amainémoslo, amainémosla	amainémonos	amainémoos	amainémoslos, amainémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative amainad
	dative	amainadme	not used	amainadle	amainadnos	amainaos	amainadles
	accusative	amainadme	not used	amainadlo, amainadla	amainadnos	amainaos	amainadlos, amainadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative amainen
	dative	amáinenme	not used	amáinenle	amáinennos	not used	amáinenles, amáinense
	accusative	amáinenme	not used	amáinenlo, amáinenla	amáinennos	not used	amáinenlos, amáinenlas, amáinense

Further reading

• “amainar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014