audit

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin audītus, from audiō (“I hear”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɔː.dɪt/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.dɪt/
• (cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /ˈɑ.dɪt/

  • Audio (California):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔːdɪt

Noun

audit (plural audits)

1. A judicial examination.
2. An examination in general.
3. An independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures

   National Assembly audit

4. The result of such an examination, or an account as adjusted by auditors; final account.
   • c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     Yet I can make my audit up.

5. (Scientology) Spiritual counseling, which forms the core of Dianetics.
   • 1978, William Warren Bartley, Werner Erhard: the Transformation of a Man: the Founding of est, New York: Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., →ISBN, pages 146–47:

     [ Werner Erhard said:] I got a lot of benefit from auditing. It was the fastest and deepest way to handle situations that I had yet encountered.

   • 2007, Martin Ramstedt, “New Age and Business: Corporations as Cultic Milieus?”, in Daren Kemp, James R. Lewis, editors, Handbook of the New Age (Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion), volume 1, Leiden: BRILL, →ISBN, pages 196–197:

     The trainings of Landmark, Block Training and UP Hans Schuster und Partner thus display strong similarities with the self-improvement seminars of Scientology, which are incidentally called 'auditing sessions', a term taken from the business world.

6. (obsolete) A general receptacle or receiver.
   • 1651–1653, Jer[emy] Taylor, ΕΝΙΑΥΤΟΣ [Eniautos]. A Course of Sermons for All the Sundays of the Year. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Royston […], published 1655, →OCLC:
     , "A Funeral Sermon"

     It [a little brook] paid to its common audit no more than the revenues of a little cloud.

7. (obsolete) An audience; a hearing.
   • 1649, J[ohn] Milton, chapter V, in ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC, page 49:

     With his Oriſons I meddle not, for hee appeals to a high Audit.

Derived terms

• audit ale
• audit house
• audit room
• audit trail
• carbon audit
• closet audit
• ecoaudit
• environmental audit
• First Amendment audit
• green audit
• postaudit
• preaudit

 

Descendants

• → Polish: audyt

Translations

audience, hearing

• Finnish: yleisö (fi), kuulijakunta, lukijakunta (fi)
• Hungarian: meghallgatás (hu), kihallgatás (hu)
• Italian: udienza (it)

judicial examination

• Finnish: tarkastus (fi); valvontatarkastus (inspection by regulator in finance and insurance)
• Japanese: 監査 (ja) (かんさ, kansa)
• Kazakh: аудит (audit)
• Polish: audyt (pl)
• Russian: ауди́т (ru) m (audít), реви́зия (ru) f (revízija)
• Ukrainian: авди́т (avdýt)

examination in general

• Azerbaijani: yoxlama (az), təftiş (az)
• Bulgarian: прове́рка (bg) f (provérka)
• Catalan: auditoria (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 檢查／检查 (zh) (jiǎnchá)

• Finnish: tarkastus (fi)
• French: inspection (fr) f
• German: Überprüfung (de) f, Prüfung (de) f
• Hungarian: ellenőrzés (hu), vizsgálat (hu), felmérés (hu), felülvizsgálat (hu)
• Italian: ispezione (it), verifica (it)
• Japanese: 監査 (ja) (かんさ, kansa)
• Korean: 검사(檢査) (ko) (geomsa)
• Maori: arotaupū
• Portuguese: auditoria (pt) f
• Russian: прове́рка (ru) f (provérka)
• Spanish: auditoría f, auditaje m (Latin America), auditoraje m (Central America)
• Swedish: granskning (sv)
• Turkish: denetim (tr)

independent review

• Armenian: աուդիտ (hy) (audit)
• Bulgarian: реви́зия (bg) f (revízija), одит m (odit)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 審計／审计 (zh) (shěnjì)

• Czech: audit (cs) m
• Finnish: tarkastus (fi), auditointi (fi)
• French: audit (fr) m
• Galician: auditoría (gl) f
• German: Buchprüfung f, Bilanzprüfung f, Kontrolle (de) f
• Hungarian: felülvizsgálat (hu), ellenőrzés (hu), revízió (hu), (mostly in terms of accounting) audit (hu), auditálás, könyvvizsgálat (hu)
• Italian: revisione (it) f, audit (it) m
• Japanese: 監査 (ja) (かんさ, kansa)
• Kazakh: аудит (audit)
• Manx: scrutaghey m
• Maori: arotakenga, tātari kaute (of accounts), arotake pūtea (of accounts)
• Norwegian: revisjon m, regnskapskontroll m, bokettersyn n
• Persian: ممیزی (fa) (mamizi)
• Polish: audyt (pl) m
• Portuguese: auditoria (pt) f
• Russian: ауди́т (ru) f (audít), реви́зия (ru) f (revízija), инспе́кция (ru) f (inspékcija)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ревизија f

  Roman: revizija (sh) f

• Spanish: auditoría f
• Swahili: ukaguzi (sw)

result of such an examination

• Finnish: tarkastus (fi); tarkastuskertomus (audit report)

Scientology: spiritual counseling

• Finnish: auditointi (fi)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: ^{(please verify)} audit (fr) (1)

Verb

audit (third-person singular simple present audits, present participle auditing, simple past and past participle audited)

1. To examine and adjust (e.g. an account).

   to audit the accounts of a treasure, or of parties who have a suit depending in court

2. (finance, business) To conduct an independent review and examination of system records and activities in order to test the adequacy and effectiveness of data security and data integrity procedures, to ensure compliance with established policy and operational procedures, and to recommend any necessary changes
3. (Scientology) To counsel spiritually.
   • 2011, Diane Saks, Overcoming Celebrity Obsession, page 225:

     In John's case, I suspect, when he lost Diana he went back to his Scientology church to be audited.

4. To attend an academic class without the opportunity to receive academic credit.

Derived terms

• auditability
• auditable
• auditee
• reaudit
• unaudited

 

Descendants

• → Spanish: auditar

Translations

to examine and adjust

• Dutch: verifiëren (nl)
• Finnish: tarkastaa (fi)
• German: kontrollieren (de), prüfen (de)
• Italian: esaminare (it), controllare (it), analizzare (it)
• Manx: scrutee
• Maori: arotake

finance, business: to conduct an independent review and examination

• Bulgarian: одитирам (oditiram), правя ревизия (pravja revizija)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 審計／审计 (zh) (shěnjì)

• Finnish: tarkastaa (fi), auditoida
• Galician: auditar (gl) f
• Italian: esaminare (it)
• Japanese: 監査する (ja) (kansa suru)
• Manx: scrutee
• Maori: arotake
• Portuguese: auditar (pt)
• Spanish: auditar (es)

Scientology: to counsel spiritually

• Finnish: auditoida

to attend an academic class on a not-for-academic-credit basis

• Chinese:

  Cantonese: sit堂 (sit¹ tong⁴)

  Mandarin: 旁聽／旁听 (zh) (pángtīng), 蹭課／蹭课 (cèngkè)

• Finnish: kuunnella (fi), olla kuunteluoppilaana

Anagrams

• ditau

Catalan

Participle

audit (feminine audida, masculine plural audits, feminine plural audides)

1. past participle of audir

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈau̯dɪt]

Noun

audit m inan

1. audit (independent review and examination of records and activities)

   provést audit ― to perform an audit

   zpráva z auditu ― audit report

Declension

Declension of audit (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	audit	audity
genitive	auditu	auditů
dative	auditu	auditům
accusative	audit	audity
vocative	audite	audity
locative	auditu	auditech
instrumental	auditem	audity

Related terms

• audience
• audio
• auditor
• auditorium
• auditovat

 

Further reading

• “audit”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
• audit in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz

French

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o.di/

Contraction

audit

1. Contraction of à + ledit.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English audit. Doublet of ouï.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /o.dit/

Noun

audit m (plural audits)

1. audit

Indonesian

Etymology

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch audit, from Latin audītus, audiō (“I hear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.dɪt/
• Rhymes: -dɪt, -ɪt, -t
• Hyphenation: au‧dit

Noun

audit (plural audit-audit, first-person possessive auditku, second-person possessive auditmu, third-person possessive auditnya)

1. audit

Derived terms

• auditan
• mengaudit
• pengaudit
• pengauditan
• teraudit

 

• audit balas jasa
• audit eksternal
• audit internal
• audit investigatif
• audit keuangan
• audit kontrak
• audit kredit
• audit lingkungan
• audit malam
• audit pemasaran

 

Related terms

• audite
• auditor
• oditur
• oditurat

 

Further reading

• “audit” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.dit/, [ˈäu̯d̪ɪt̪]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈau̯.dit/, [ˈäːu̯d̪it̪]

Verb

audit

1. third-person singular present active indicative of audiō

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English audit or French audit.

Noun

audit n (uncountable)

1. audit

Declension

declension of audit (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) audit	auditul
genitive/dative	(unui) audit	auditului
vocative	auditule