beton

See also: Beton, béton, and betón

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch beton.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bəˈtɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

beton (uncountable)

1. concrete

Albanian

Etymology

From French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beˈton/
• Rhymes: -on

Noun

beton m (definite betóni) (uncountable)

1. concrete

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	beton	betoni
accusative		betonin
dative/ablative	betoni	betonit

Derived terms

• betonarme
• betonierë
• betonim
• betonoj
• i betontë
• betonues

Further reading

• “beton”, in FMGJSH: Fjalor i madh i gjuhës shqipe (in Albanian), 2026

Azerbaijani

Other scripts

Cyrillic		бетон
Arabic

Etymology

From French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [beˈton]

Noun

beton (definite accusative betonu, plural betonlar)

1. concrete

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betonlar
definite accusative	betonu	betonları
dative	betona	betonlara
locative	betonda	betonlarda
ablative	betondan	betonlardan
definite genitive	betonun	betonların

Possessive forms of beton

	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonum	betonlarım
sənin (“your”)	betonun	betonların
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonu	betonları
bizim (“our”)	betonumuz	betonlarımız
sizin (“your”)	betonunuz	betonlarınız
onların (“their”)	betonu or betonları	betonları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonumu	betonlarımı
sənin (“your”)	betonunu	betonlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonunu	betonlarını
bizim (“our”)	betonumuzu	betonlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	betonunuzu	betonlarınızı
onların (“their”)	betonunu or betonlarını	betonlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonuma	betonlarıma
sənin (“your”)	betonuna	betonlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonuna	betonlarına
bizim (“our”)	betonumuza	betonlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	betonunuza	betonlarınıza
onların (“their”)	betonuna or betonlarına	betonlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonumda	betonlarımda
sənin (“your”)	betonunda	betonlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonunda	betonlarında
bizim (“our”)	betonumuzda	betonlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	betonunuzda	betonlarınızda
onların (“their”)	betonunda or betonlarında	betonlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonumdan	betonlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	betonundan	betonlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonundan	betonlarından
bizim (“our”)	betonumuzdan	betonlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	betonunuzdan	betonlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	betonundan or betonlarından	betonlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	betonumun	betonlarımın
sənin (“your”)	betonunun	betonlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	betonunun	betonlarının
bizim (“our”)	betonumuzun	betonlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	betonunuzun	betonlarınızın
onların (“their”)	betonunun or betonlarının	betonlarının

References

• Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “beton”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[1] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 1, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, page 259

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Noun

beton

1. concrete

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betonlar
genitive	betonnıñ	betonlarnıñ
dative	betonğa	betonlarğa
accusative	betonnı	betonlarnı
locative	betonda	betonlarda
ablative	betondan	betonlardan

References

• Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002), Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎^[2], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
• “beton”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Czech

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʷet-

Proto-Indo-European *-us

Proto-Indo-European *gʷétuder.

Latin *bitū

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Proto-Italic *-mn̥

Latin -men

Latin bitūmender.

Vulgar Latin *bittūmen

Old French betun

French bétonbor.

Czech beton

Borrowed from French béton.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛton]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛton

Noun

beton m inan

1. concrete
2. an alcoholic cocktail whose main ingredients are Becherovka and tonic
3. (ice hockey) goalie pad

Declension

Declension of beton (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betony
genitive	betonu	betonů
dative	betonu	betonům
accusative	beton	betony
vocative	betone	betony
locative	betonu, betoně	betonech
instrumental	betonem	betony

Derived terms

• betonárka
• betonový
• pěnobeton
• plynobeton
• pórobeton
• železobeton

Related terms

• betonárna
• betonář
• betonovat
• vybetonovat
• zabetonovat

Further reading

• “beton”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “beton”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “beton”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Danish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), from Gaulish [Term?].

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beˈtʌŋ/

Noun

beton c (singular definite betonen, plural indefinite betoner)

1. concrete

Inflection

Declension of beton

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	beton	betonen	betoner	betonerne
genitive	betons	betonens	betoners	betonernes

Etymology 2

Verb

beton

1. imperative of betone

References

• “beton” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bəˈtɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: be‧ton
• Rhymes: -ɔn

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), see there for more.

Noun

beton n (uncountable, no diminutive)

1. concrete

Derived terms

• asfaltbeton
• betonblok
• betonboor
• betonconstructie
• betongaas
• betonijzer
• betonmolen
• betonpoot
• betonschaar
• betonvloer
• betonvoetbal
• betonwals
• cellenbeton

Related terms

• bitumen

Descendants

• Afrikaans: beton
• → Caribbean Javanese: béton
• → Indonesian: beton
• → Javanese: ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton)
• → Papiamentu: betòn

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

beton

1. inflection of betonnen:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Anagrams

• boent, boten

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbeton/
• Rhymes: -eton
• Syllabification: be‧ton

Noun

beton

1. accusative singular of beto

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Beton, from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛton]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: be‧ton
• Rhymes: -on

Noun

beton (countable and uncountable, plural betonok)

1. concrete (building material)

Usage notes

This term (or its primary sense) is a material noun: any part of its denotation is called the same as the whole, so its meaning resembles that of an adjective (expressing a feature).^[3] As an uncountable noun, it is not used in the plural in its primary sense. When it still occurs, it refers to objects made out of this material (like coins or medals such as golds), portions held in containers (like coffees (“cups of cofee”)), or varieties (like wines (“types of wine”)).^[4][5]

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betonok
accusative	betont	betonokat
dative	betonnak	betonoknak
instrumental	betonnal	betonokkal
causal-final	betonért	betonokért
translative	betonná	betonokká
terminative	betonig	betonokig
essive-formal	betonként	betonokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	betonban	betonokban
superessive	betonon	betonokon
adessive	betonnál	betonoknál
illative	betonba	betonokba
sublative	betonra	betonokra
allative	betonhoz	betonokhoz
elative	betonból	betonokból
delative	betonról	betonokról
ablative	betontól	betonoktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	betoné	betonoké
non-attributive possessive – plural	betonéi	betonokéi

Possessive forms of beton

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	betonom	betonjaim
2nd person sing.	betonod	betonjaid
3rd person sing.	betonja	betonjai
1st person plural	betonunk	betonjaink
2nd person plural	betonotok	betonjaitok
3rd person plural	betonjuk	betonjaik

Derived terms

• betonoz

Compound words

• betonkeverő
• vasbeton

Further reading

• beton in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• beton in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2026).

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /bəˈton/ [bəˈt̪on]
• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: be‧ton

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch beton, from French béton, from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitumen.

Noun

bêton

1. (real estate) concrete (a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand)

   Synonym: konkrit (Malay)

Verb

bêton (active membeton, passive dibeton) (transitive)

1. to concrete (to cover with or encase in concrete (building material))

Derived terms

Affixations

• membeton
• pembetonan

Compounds

• beton aspal
• beton bertulang
• beton busa
• beton isolasi ringan
• beton normal
• beton polos
• beton porus
• beton pracetak
• beton prategang
• beton pratekan
• beton ringan
• beton segar
• beton semprot
• beton serat
• beton siklop

Etymology 2

Reconstructed as batu +‎ -an, from Javanese ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton). Doublet of batuan and waton.

Noun

bêton (dialectal)

1. the seed of a jackfruit

   Synonym: biji nangka

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”). Doublet of bitume.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beˈtɔn/

Noun

beton m (invariable)

1. concrete

   Synonyms: cemento, calcestruzzo

Anagrams

• bonet

Javanese

Romanization

beton

1. romanization of ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From French béton.

Noun

beton

1. concrete

Related terms

• betonez

References

• Baker, Philip; Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. (1987), Diksiyoner kreol morisyeṅ [Mauritian Creole Dictionary] (in French and English), Paris: L'Harmattan, →ISBN, page 51
• Carpooran, Arnaud (2011), Diksioner Morisien [Mauritian Dictionary] (in Mauritian Creole), second edition, Éditions Le Printemps, →ISBN, page 185

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bedōn, from *bed (“prayer, request, plea”) +‎ -ōn. Related to Old English ġebedian (“to pray”) (modern English bead).

Verb

betōn

1. to pray

Conjugation

Conjugation of betōn (weak class 2)

infinitive	betōn
indicative	present	past
1st person singular	betōm, betōn	betōta
2nd person singular	betōs, betōst	betōtōs, betōtōst
3rd person singular	betōt	betōta
1st person plural	betōm, betōmēs	betōtum, betōtumēs
2nd person plural	betōt	betōtut
3rd person plural	betōnt	betōtun
subjunctive	present	past
1st person singular	beto	betōti
2nd person singular	betōs, betōst	betōtīs
3rd person singular	beto	betōti
1st person plural	betōm, betōmēs	betōtīm, betōtīmēs
2nd person plural	betōt	betōtīt
3rd person plural	betōn	betōtīn
imperative	present
singular	beto
plural	betōt
participle	present	past
	betōnti	gibetōt

Descendants

• Middle High German: beten
  • German: beten

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʷet-

Proto-Indo-European *-us

Proto-Indo-European *gʷétuder.

Latin *bitū

Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥

Proto-Italic *-mn̥

Latin -men

Latin bitūmender.

Polish beton

Internationalism; compare French béton, ultimately from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɛ.tɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛtɔn
• Syllabification: be‧ton

Noun

beton m inan

1. concrete (a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand)

   beton komórkowy ― cellular concrete

   warstwa betonu ― a layer of concrete

   wylewać/wylać beton ― to lay/pour concrete

   wylewać/wylać/zalewać/zalać betonem ― to pour (something) with concrete

2. (colloquial, derogatory) stick in the mud, old fogey (a person or organization who is slow, old-fashioned, or unprogressive)

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betony
genitive	betonu	betonów
dative	betonowi	betonom
accusative	beton	betony
instrumental	betonem	betonami
locative	betonie	betonach
vocative	betonie	betony

Derived terms

adjectives

• betoniarski
• betonowy

nouns

• asfaltobeton
• betoniak
• betoniarka
• betoniarnia
• betoniarz
• betonit
• betonizacja
• betonka
• betonoskop
• betonownia
• betonowóz
• betonoza

particle

• na mur beton

verbs

• betonizować impf
• betonować impf
• obetonowywać impf, obetonować pf
• wbetonowywać impf, wbetonować pf
• wybetonowywać impf, wybetonować pf
• zabetonowywać impf, zabetonować pf

Further reading

• “beton”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[6] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “beton”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[7] (in Polish)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), from Gaulish [Term?].

Noun

beton n (plural betoane)

1. concrete

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	beton	betonul	betoane	betoanele
genitive-dative	beton	betonului	betoane	betoanelor
vocative	betonule		betoanelor

Adjective

beton m or f or n (indeclinable)

1. (slang) cool, awesome, lit, dope, insane

Declension

Declension of beton (invariable)

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	beton		beton	beton	beton
	definite	—		—	—	—
genitive- dative	indefinite	beton		beton	beton	beton
	definite	—		—	—	—

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bětoːn/
• Hyphenation: be‧ton

Noun

bètōn m inan (Cyrillic spelling бѐто̄н)

1. concrete

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular	plural
nominative	bètōn	betoni
genitive	betóna	betona
dative	betonu	betonima
accusative	beton	betone
vocative	betone	betoni
locative	betonu	betonima
instrumental	betonom	betonima

Further reading

• “beton”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovene

Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɛtóːn/

Noun

betọ̑n m inan

1. concrete (building material)

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nominative	betón
genitive	betóna
	singular
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	betón
genitive (rodȋlnik)	betóna
dative (dajȃlnik)	betónu
accusative (tožȋlnik)	betón
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	betónu
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	betónom

Further reading

• “beton”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “beton”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

Noun

beton (definite accusative betonu, plural betonlar)

1. concrete (building material)

Declension

Declension of beton

	singular	plural
nominative	beton	betonlar
definite accusative	betonu	betonları
dative	betona	betonlara
locative	betonda	betonlarda
ablative	betondan	betonlardan
genitive	betonun	betonların