centum

See also: Centum

English

Alternative forms

• Centum

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin centum (“hundred”). Its use in linguistics is due to it being a canonical example of a word retaining an original velar stop, as opposed to Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬨 (satəm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɛntəm/ (Indo-European linguistics)
• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛntəm/ (exam score)

Adjective

centum (not comparable)

1. (Indo-European linguistics) referring to an Indo-European language that did not produce sibilants from a series of Proto-Indo-European palatovelar stops.

Antonyms

• (Indo-European linguistics): satem

Derived terms

• centumization

Noun

centum (plural centums)

1. (India) A perfect score on a board exam.

Anagrams

• cutmen

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Italian

Adjective

centum (invariable)

1. used only in the term lingua centum

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Latin

Latin cardinal numbers

<  XCIX	C	CI  >
Cardinal : centum     Ordinal : centēsimus     Adverbial : centiēs, centiēns     Multiplier : centuplus, centuplex, centumgeminus     Distributive : centēnī     Fractional : centēsimus
Latin Wikipedia article on Centum

Alternative forms

• Symbol: C

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kentom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. Formal cognates include Sanskrit शत (śata), Old Church Slavonic съто (sŭto) and Old English hund.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈken.tum/, [ˈkɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃen.tum/, [ˈt͡ʃɛn̪t̪um]

• Audio (Classical):

  (file)

Numeral

centum (indeclinable)

1. a hundred; 100
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.381:

     Simul ipsa precatur Oceanumque patrem rerum Nymphasque sorores centum quae silvas, centum quae flumina servant.

     Together she entreats father Ocean, and the sister-nymphs who guard a hundred forests and a hundred streams.

Usage notes

The numeral centum behaves like an indeclinable adjective. See Appendix:Latin cardinal numbers for additional information.

Derived terms

• centi-
• centiceps
• centifidus
• centifolia
• centimanus
• centimeter
• centimetrum
• centinōdius
• centipeda
• centipelliō
• centipēs
• centiēns, centiēs
• centoculus
• centumpeda
• centumplex, centiplex
• centumpondium
• centumvirī
• centuplicātus
• centuplicō
• centuplus
• centuria
• centussis
• centēnī
• centēsimus
• ducentī (“two hundred”)
• nōngentī (“nine hundred”)
• octingentī (“eight hundred”)
• quadringentī (“four hundred”)
• quīngentī (“five hundred”)
• septingentī (“seven hundred”)
• sescentī (“six hundred”)
• trecentī (“three hundred”)
• ūndēcentum

 

Related terms

• centēnārius
• centēniōnālis nummus

• centuriō
• centuriōnus

Descendants

• → Albanian: qind
• → Arabic: سنت (sant)
• Aromanian: tsendu, tsentu
• → Belarusian: цэнт (cent)
• → Bulgarian: цент (cent)
• → Central Melanau: sin
• Catalan: cent
• Corsican: centu
• → Czech: cent
• Dalmatian: ciant
• → English: centum
• → Esperanto: cent, cendo
• → Estonian: sent
  • → English: sent
• → Finnish: sentti
• Friulian: cent
• → German: Cent
• → Greek: σεντ (sent)
• → Icelandic: sent
• → Interlingua: cento
• Istriot: sento
• Italian: cento
• → Japanese: セント (sento)
• → Latvian: cents
• Ligurian: çénto
• → Lithuanian: centas
• → Macedonian: цент (cent)
• → Malay: sen
  • Indonesian: sen
• Neapolitan: ciènto
• Old French: cent
  • Middle French: cent
    • French: cent (see there for further descendants)
  • Walloon: cint
  • → Dutch: cent (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: cent (see there for further descendants)
• Old Leonese:
  • Asturian: cien, cientu
  • Mirandese: cient, ciento
• • Norman: chent
• Old Occitan: cent
  • Occitan: cent
• Old Galician-Portuguese: cen
  • Galician: cen
  • Portuguese: cen, cem
• Old Galician-Portuguese: cento
  • Galician: cento
  • Portuguese: cento
• Old Spanish:
  • Spanish: ciento
    • → Cebuano: siyento
    • → Chayuco Mixtec: ziendu
    • → Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: ciento
    • → Lake Miwok: ṣijénto
    • → Tagalog: siyento
• Piedmontese: sent
• Romanian: cent
• Romansch: tschient
• → Russian: цент (cent)
  • → Armenian: ցենտ (cʻent)
  • → Georgian: ცენტი (cenṭi)
• Sardinian: centu, chentu, kentu
• Sicilian: centu
• → Slovak: cent
• → Slovene: cent
• Tarantino: cinde
• → Ukrainian: цент (cent)
• Venetian: sento, zsento
• → West Coast Bajau: sin

See also

• Appendix:Latin cardinal numbers

References

• “centum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “centum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• centum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• centum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to reach one's hundredth year, to live to be a hundred: centum annos complere
    
  • about a hundred of our men fell: nostri circiter centum ceciderunt