igen

See also: -igen

Danish

Alternative forms

• igjen (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɛn

Adverb

igen

1. again

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably a lexicalization of i, an early variant of the demonstrative pronoun e／ez (“this”). Possibly formed with -g／-ig (terminative suffix) (compare míg and possibly leg-) and -en (adverb-forming suffix) (compare hogyan, ígyen). In its original sense, it was probably used to express emphasis. First attested in 1266.

According to Johanson (2004), borrowed from a Turkic particle egen ~ igen “evidently, indeed, certainly”, from erken, from *er- (“to be”), although this etymology is considered less probable.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiɡɛn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: igen
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Adverb

igen (not comparable)

1. (literary) quite, very, rather, highly

   Synonym: nagyon

   • 1974, Leo Tolstoy (author), László Németh (translator), Anna Karenina [Anna Karenina], Bucharest: Kriterion Könyvkiadó (1989), →ISBN, volume 1, part 1, chapter 1, page 7:

     Az történt vele ebben a pillanatban, ami az emberrel történni szokott, ha váratlanul igen szégyenletes dolgon érik. Arcát nem tudta a helyzethez szabni, amelybe bűne felfedésével a felesége előtt került.

     There happened to him at that instant what does happen to people when they are unexpectedly caught in something very disgraceful. He did not succeed in adapting his face to the position in which he was placed towards his wife by the discovery of his fault.

   • 1975, Imre Kertész, translated by Tim Wilkinson, Sorstalanság, Budapest: Magvető Könyvkiadó (2016), →ISBN, page 25:

     Utolsónak mostohaanyám legidősebb bátyja, Lajos bácsi érkezett. Ő valami igen fontos tisztséget tölt be a családunkban, bár egész pontosan meghatározni nem tudnám, milyet.

     The last person to arrive was my stepmother’s oldest brother, Uncle Lajos. He fulfills some terribly important function in our family, though I’d be hard put to define exactly what that was.

Derived terms

• igencsak
• igen-igen

Interjection

igen

1. yes

   Synonyms: (informal) aha, (colloquial or slang) ja

   Antonym: nem

Derived terms

• igenis
• ez igen

Noun

igen (plural igenek)

1. yes

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	igen	igenek
accusative	igent	igeneket
dative	igennek	igeneknek
instrumental	igennel	igenekkel
causal-final	igenért	igenekért
translative	igenné	igenekké
terminative	igenig	igenekig
essive-formal	igenként	igenekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	igenben	igenekben
superessive	igenen	igeneken
adessive	igennél	igeneknél
illative	igenbe	igenekbe
sublative	igenre	igenekre
allative	igenhez	igenekhez
elative	igenből	igenekből
delative	igenről	igenekről
ablative	igentől	igenektől
non-attributive possessive - singular	igené	igeneké
non-attributive possessive - plural	igenéi	igenekéi

Possessive forms of igen
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	igenem	igenjeim
2nd person sing.	igened	igenjeid
3rd person sing.	igenje	igenjei
1st person plural	igenünk	igenjeink
2nd person plural	igenetek	igenjeitek
3rd person plural	igenjük	igenjeik

Further reading

• (very): igen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (yes): igen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Japanese

Romanization

igen

1. Rōmaji transcription of いげん

Karelian

Regional variants of igen

North Karelian (Viena)	ijen
South Karelian (Tver)	igen

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *igen, as if from *iken. Cognates include Finnish ien and Veps igin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiɡen/
• Hyphenation: i‧gen

Noun

igen (genitive igenen, partitive igendä)

1. (South Karelian) gum (of the mouth)

Declension

Tver Karelian declension of igen (type 11/paimen, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	igen	igenet
genitive	igenen	igenien
partitive	igendä	igenie
illative	igeneh	igenih
inessive	igeneššä	igenissä
elative	igeneštä	igenistä
adessive	igenellä	igenillä
ablative	igeneldä	igenildä
translative	igenekši	igeniksi
essive	igenenä	igeninä
comitative	igenenke	igeninke
abessive	igenettä	igenittä

Possessive forms of igen
1st person	igeneni
2nd person	igeneš
3rd person	igeneh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

• A. V. Punzhina (1994) “igen”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *igen.

Noun

igen

1. gums

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse í gegn (“against”), from í (“in, on”) and gegn (“straight, direct”).

Adverb

igen (not comparable)

1. again
2. to a closed state, up, shut (of for example a door or something getting clogged)

   Han slängde igen dörren

   He slammed the door ("threw shut the door")

   Han sparkade igen dörren

   He kicked the door shut

Synonyms

• ånyo (archaic or formal)

Anagrams

• Inge, geni