liegen

See also: Liegen

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch liegen, from Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈli.ɣə(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lie‧gen
• Rhymes: -iɣən

Verb

liegen

1. (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)

Inflection

Conjugation of liegen (strong class 2)
infinitive	liegen
past singular	loog
past participle	gelogen
infinitive	liegen
gerund	liegen n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	lieg	loog
2nd person sing. (jij)	liegt	loog
2nd person sing. (u)	liegt	loog
2nd person sing. (gij)	liegt	loogt
3rd person singular	liegt	loog
plural	liegen	logen
subjunctive sing.1	liege	loge
subjunctive plur.1	liegen	logen
imperative sing.	lieg
imperative plur.1	liegt
participles	liegend	gelogen
1) Archaic.

Derived terms

• liegbeest
• voorliegen

Related terms

• leugen
• leugenaar

Descendants

• Afrikaans: lieg

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German

Etymology

From Middle High German ligen, from Old High German ligen, from older liggen by generalisation of the stem of the 2nd and 3rd persons singular, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-. Compare Low German liggen, Dutch liggen, English lie, Danish ligge, Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ligan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliːɡən/, [ˈliːɡən], [ˈliːɡŋ̍]

• audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lie‧gen

Verb

1. (intransitive) to lie (to be in a horizontal position)
   1. (Switzerland) to lie down
2. (intransitive) to be, to lie somewhere (of flat objects, also of inpatients in a hospital; otherwise use sitzen or stehen)
3. (intransitive) to be located, to lie somewhere (of countries, towns, houses, etc.)
4. (intransitive) to be, to stand (of indices, measurements)
   • 2012 June 19, Die Welt [1], page 10:

     Der deutsche Energieverbrauch lag in den ersten drei Monaten des Jahres rund zwei Prozent unter dem Niveau des Vorjahreszeitraumes.

     In the first three months of the year, the German energy consumption was about two percent below the level of the same period last year.

Usage notes

• The commonest auxiliary with liegen is haben: Ich habe gelegen. In northern and central Germany, this form is strongly predominant and in some regions exclusive. In southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, sein is usual in the vernacular and also, alternatively, in standard usage: Ich bin gelegen.

Derived terms

• anliegen
• aufliegen
• daliegen
• darniederliegen
• durchliegen
• einliegen
• erliegen
• freiliegen
• herumliegen
• liegenlassen
• obliegen
• querliegen
• überliegen
• unterliegen
• vorliegen
• zurückliegen

 

Further reading

• “liegen” in Duden online

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.

Verb

liegen

1. (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	liegen
3rd sg. past	lôoch
3rd pl. past	lōgen
Past participle	lōg
Infinitive	liegen
In genitive	liegens
In dative	liegene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	liege	lôoch
2nd singular	liechs, lieges	lōochs, lōges
3rd singular	liecht, lieget	lôoch
1st plural	liegen	lōgen
2nd plural	liecht, lieget	lōocht, lōget
3rd plural	liegen	lōgen
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	liege	lōge
2nd singular	liechs, lieges	lōges
3rd singular	liege	lōge
1st plural	liegen	lōgen
2nd plural	liecht, lieget	lōget
3rd plural	liegen	lōgen
Imperative	Present
Singular	liech, liege
Plural	liecht, lieget
	Present	Past
Participle	liegende	lōg

Descendants

• Dutch: liegen
• Limburgish: lege

Further reading

• “lieghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “liegen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN