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liegen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Liegen

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch liegen, from Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈli.ɣə(n)/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: lie‧gen
  • Rhymes: -iɣən

Verb

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liegen

  1. (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of liegen (strong class 2a)
infinitive liegen
past singular loog
past participle gelogen
infinitive liegen
gerund liegen n
present tense past tense
1st person singular lieg loog
2nd person sing. (jij) liegt, lieg2 loog
2nd person sing. (u) liegt loog
2nd person sing. (gij) liegt loogt
3rd person singular liegt loog
plural liegen logen
subjunctive sing.1 liege loge
subjunctive plur.1 liegen logen
imperative sing. lieg
imperative plur.1 liegt
participles liegend gelogen
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Afrikaans: lieg
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: liki
  • Jersey Dutch: lîxe
  • Negerhollands: lug, lik, lieg
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: lig

German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German ligen, from Old High German ligen, from older liggen by generalisation of the stem of the 2nd and 3rd persons singular, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-.

Compare Low German liggen, Dutch liggen, English lie, Danish ligge, Gothic 𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (ligan).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈliːɡən/, [ˈliːɡən], [ˈliːɡŋ̍]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: lie‧gen

Verb

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liegen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liegt, past tense lag, past participle gelegen, past subjunctive läge, auxiliary haben or sein)

  1. (intransitive) to lie (to be in a horizontal position)
    1. (Switzerland) to lie down
  2. (intransitive) to be, to lie somewhere (of flat objects, also of inpatients in a hospital; otherwise use sitzen or stehen)
  3. (intransitive) to be located, to lie somewhere (of countries, towns, houses, etc.)
  4. (intransitive) to be, to stand (of indices, measurements)
    • 2012 June 19, Die Welt[1], archived from the original on 12 April 2013, page 10:
      Der deutsche Energieverbrauch lag in den ersten drei Monaten des Jahres rund zwei Prozent unter dem Niveau des Vorjahreszeitraumes.
      In the first three months of the year, the German energy consumption was about two percent below the level of the same period last year.
  5. (intransitive) because of, due to, down to (within the responsibility or influence of; literally, to lie on someone or something) [with an (+ dative)]
    Woran liegt es, dass er immer wieder scheitert?Why does he fail time and time again?
    Das liegt an seiner Einstellung.That's because of his attitude.

Usage notes

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  • The most common auxiliary with liegen is haben: Ich habe gelegen. In northern and central Germany, this form is strongly predominant and in some regions exclusive. In southern Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, sein is usual in the vernacular and also, alternatively, in standard usage: Ich bin gelegen.

Conjugation

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • liegen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • liegen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • liegen” in Duden online
  • liegen” in OpenThesaurus.de

Middle Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch liegan, from Proto-West Germanic *leugan, from Proto-Germanic *leuganą, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-.

Verb

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liegen

  1. (intransitive) to lie (to tell lies)

Inflection

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Conjugation of liegen (strong class 2)
infinitive base form liegen
genitive liegens
dative liegene
indicative subjunctive
present past present past
1st person singular liege lôoch liege lōge
2nd person singular liechs, lieges lōochs, lōges liechs, lieges lōges
3rd person singular liecht, lieget lôoch liege lōge
1st person plural liegen lōgen liegen lōgen
2nd person plural liecht, lieget lōocht, lōget liecht, lieget lōget
3rd person plural liegen lōgen liegen lōgen
imperative
singular liech, liege
plural liecht, lieget
present past
participle liegende gelōgen

Descendants

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Further reading

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