liggen
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch liggen, from Old Dutch liggen, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]liggen
- (intransitive) to lie; to be lying down
- (intransitive, often of place names) to be, to be placed or located
- Er ligt een hoop rommel op zolder. ― There is a lot of rubbish in the attic.
- Kun je me zeggen waar Geldrop ligt? ― Could you tell me where Geldrop is (located)?
- (auxiliary, with te) Forms a continuous aspect.
- Je biefstuk ligt daar koud te worden. ― Your steak is (lying) there getting cold.
- (transitive) to be one's thing; to suit
- Piano spelen ligt me niet. ― Playing the piano is not my thing.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of liggen (strong class 5) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | liggen | |||
past singular | lag | |||
past participle | gelegen | |||
infinitive | liggen | |||
gerund | liggen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | lig | lag | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | ligt, lig2 | lag | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | ligt | lag | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | ligt | laagt | ||
3rd person singular | ligt | lag | ||
plural | liggen | lagen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | ligge | lage | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | liggen | lagen | ||
imperative sing. | lig | |||
imperative plur.1 | ligt | |||
participles | liggend | gelegen | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- aaneenliggen
- aanliggen
- achterafliggen
- achterliggen
- achteropliggen
- achteroverliggen
- afliggen
- beliggen
- bijeenliggen
- bijliggen
- binnenliggen
- blootliggen
- bovenliggen
- buitenliggen
- de muizen liggen dood voor de kast
- dichtliggen
- doodliggen
- doorliggen
- dubbel liggen
- dwarsliggen
- geliggen
- gelijkliggen
- gereedliggen
- heenliggen
- in de clinch liggen
- in de lijn der verwachting liggen
- in een deuk liggen
- ineenliggen
- inliggen
- klaarliggen
- kromliggen
- liggende vetmuur
- ligging
- ligstoel
- losliggen
- medeliggen
- meeliggen
- nabijliggen
- nederliggen
- neerliggen
- omhoogliggen
- omlaagliggen
- omliggen
- omverliggen
- onderliggen
- onderuitliggen
- opeenliggen
- openliggen
- opliggen
- opzijliggen
- overeenliggen
- overhoopliggen
- overliggen
- platliggen
- rechtliggen
- rondliggen
- samenliggen
- stilliggen
- stukliggen
- tegenliggen
- tegenoverliggen
- terugliggen
- thuisliggen
- toeliggen
- tussenliggen
- uiteenliggen
- uitliggen
- vastliggen
- verliggen
- volliggen
- vooraanliggen
- voorinliggen
- voorliggen
- vooropliggen
- vooroverliggen
- vooruitliggen
- vrijliggen
- wegliggen
Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: lê (merger with leggen)
- Jersey Dutch: lixxe
- Negerhollands: lee, lei, lej
- → Papiamentu: lèg
Dutch Low Saxon
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Saxon liggian, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-. Compare Dutch liggen, German liegen, West Frisian lizze, English lie, Danish ligge.
Verb
[edit]liggen (past singular lag, past participle elaegen, auxiliary verb waen or hebben)
- (intransitive) to lie; to be lying down
- (intransitive, often of place names) to be, to be placed or located
- Daor ligt mien hoes an de waterkaante.
- There is my house by the coast.
- Kön i'j mi'j wiezen waor Bersenbrügge ligt?
- Could you tell me where Bersenbrücke is (located)?
- (intransitive, with te and another verb) Used as an alternative to waen + an 't to form a continuous aspect.
- Jan veel in t water. No ligt ziene klere te dreugen op t grösveld.
- Jan fell in the water. Now his clothes are lying on the lawn to dry.
German Low German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Saxon liggian, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-.
Compare Dutch liggen, German liegen, West Frisian lizze, English lie, Danish ligge.
Verb
[edit]liggen (past singular leeg, past participle legen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (intransitive) to lie; to be lying down
- (intransitive, often of place names) to be, to be placed or located
- Dor liggt mien Huus an't Waterkant.
- There is my house by the coast.
- Köönt ji mi wiesen wor Bersenbrügge liggt?
- Could you tell me where Bersenbrücke is (located)?
- (intransitive, with te and another verb) Used as an alternative to wesen + an't to form a continuous aspect.
- Dien Eten liggt dor kold to warren.
- Your food is (lying) there getting cold.
Usage notes
[edit]- The grammar given is for a Northern Low Saxon dialect that merges all close-mid and mid-open vowels and elides syllable-final schwa. As such it is lacking distinctions that are grammatical in other dialects.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | liggen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | ligg | leeg |
2nd person singular | liggs(t) | leegs(t) |
3rd person singular | ligg(t) | leeg |
plural | liggt, liggen | legen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | ligg | |
plural | liggt | |
participle | present | past |
liggen | (e)legen, gelegen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Dutch liggen, from Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *legʰ-.
Verb
[edit]liggen
- to lie, be lying horizontal
- to lie, to have been placed
- to be located, to be present
- to live (in a place)
Inflection
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “licghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “liggen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Old Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *liggjan, from Proto-Germanic *ligjaną.
Verb
[edit]liggen
Inflection
[edit]infinitive | liggen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | liggo, liggon | lah |
2nd person singular | ligis, ligist | lāgi, lāgis |
3rd person singular | ligit | lah |
1st person plural | liggen | lāgun |
2nd person plural | liget | lāgut |
3rd person plural | liggent | lāgun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | ligge | lāgi |
2nd person singular | ligges, liggest | lāgi, lāgis |
3rd person singular | ligge | lāgi |
1st person plural | liggen | lāgin |
2nd person plural | ligget | lāgit |
3rd person plural | liggen | lāgin |
imperative | present | |
singular | ligi | |
plural | liget | |
participle | present | past |
liggendi | legan, gilegan |
Descendants
[edit]- Middle Dutch: liggen
Further reading
[edit]- “liggen”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Swedish
[edit]Noun
[edit]liggen
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *legʰ-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪɣən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪɣən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch auxiliary verbs
- Dutch transitive verbs
- Dutch class 5 strong verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Old Saxon
- Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch Low Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch Low Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch Low Saxon lemmas
- Dutch Low Saxon verbs
- Dutch Low Saxon intransitive verbs
- Dutch Low Saxon terms with usage examples
- German Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German Low German lemmas
- German Low German verbs
- German Low German intransitive verbs
- German Low German terms with usage examples
- Low German class 2 strong verbs
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch verbs
- Old Dutch irregular verbs
- Old Dutch class 5 strong j-present verbs
- Old Dutch irregular strong verbs
- Old Dutch basic verbs
- Old Dutch class 5 strong verbs
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish noun forms