trair

See also: traïr

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan trahir, from Latin trādere with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [tɾəˈi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [tɾaˈiɾ]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

• Homophone: traí
• Rhymes: -i(ɾ)

Verb

trair (first-person singular present traeixo, first-person singular preterite traí, past participle traït)

1. (transitive) to betray

Conjugation

    Conjugation of trair (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			trair
gerund			traint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		traït		traïda
		plural		traïts		traïdes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	traeixo	traeixes	traeix	traïm	traïu	traeixen
	imperfect	traïa	traïes	traïa	traíem	traíeu	traïen
	future	trairé	trairàs	trairà	trairem	traireu	trairan
	preterite	traí	traïres	traí	traírem	traíreu	traïren
	conditional	trairia	trairies	trairia	trairíem	trairíeu	trairien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	traeixi	traeixis	traeixi	traïm	traïu	traeixin
	imperfect	traís	traïssis	traís	traíssim	traíssiu	traïssin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	traeix	traeixi	traïm	traïu	traeixin
	negative (no)	—	no traeixis	no traeixi	no traïm	no traïu	no traeixin

Related terms

• traïció (noun)
• traïdor (noun)

References

• “trair”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “trair”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026
• “trair” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “trair” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Anagrams

• tirar, triar

Elfdalian

Elfdalian cardinal numbers

<  2	3	4  >
Cardinal : trair

Etymology

From Old Norse þrír, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz. Cognate with Swedish tre.

Numeral

trair

1. three

Old French

Alternative forms

• traïr (diaereses are not universally used in transcriptions of Old French)

Etymology

An Gallicization / adaptation of Latin trādere.

Verb

trair

1. to betray; to commit treason
   • c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:

     Ne dote mie Richart que li Roiz le traïst

     Richard didn't doubt that the King was betraying him

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of trair (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		trair			avoir traï
gerund		en traïssant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		traïssant
past participle		traï
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	traïs	traïs	traïst	traïssons	traïssez	traïssent
	imperfect	traïssoie, traïsseie	traïssoies, traïsseies	traïssoit, traïsseit	traïssiiens, traïssiens	traïssiiez, traïssiez	traïssoient, traïsseient
	preterite	traï	traïs	traï	traïmes	traïstes	traïrent
	future	traïrai	traïras	traïra	traïrons	traïroiz, traïreiz, traïrez	traïront
	conditional	traïroie, traïreie	traïroies, traïreies	traïroit, traïreit	traïriiens, traïriens	traïriiez, traïriez	traïroient, traïreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	traïsse	traïsses	traïsse	traïssons	traïssez	traïssent
	imperfect	traïsse	traïsses	traïst	traïssons, traïssiens	traïssoiz, traïssez, traïssiez	traïssent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	traïs	—	traïssons	traïssez	—

Related terms

• traison
• traitor

Descendants

• French: trahir
• Norman: trahi (Jersey)

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• trahir (pre-standardization spelling)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese traer, from Latin trādere.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾaˈi(ʁ)/ [tɾaˈi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /tɾaˈi(ʁ)/ [tɾaˈi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /tɾaˈi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /tɾaˈi(ʁ)/ [tɾaˈi(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /tɾaˈi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐˈiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐˈiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /tɾɐˈi.ɾi/

• Homophone: traí (Brazil)
• Hyphenation: tra‧ir

Verb

trair (first-person singular present traio, first-person singular preterite traí, past participle traído)

1. (transitive) to betray
2. (transitive) to cheat on

Conjugation

    Conjugation of trair (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	trair
Personal	trair	traíres	trair	trairmos	trairdes	traírem
Gerund
	traindo
Past participle
Masculine	traído			traídos
Feminine	traída			traídas
Indicative
Present	traio	trais	trai	traímos	traís	traem
Imperfect	traía	traías	traía	traíamos	traíeis	traíam
Preterite	traí	traíste	traiu	traímos	traístes	traíram
Pluperfect	traíra	traíras	traíra	traíramos	traíreis	traíram
Future	trairei	trairás	trairá	trairemos	traireis	trairão
Conditional	trairia	trairias	trairia	trairíamos	trairíeis	trairiam
Subjunctive
Present	traia	traias	traia	traiamos	traiais	traiam
Imperfect	traísse	traísses	traísse	traíssemos	traísseis	traíssem
Future	trair	traíres	trair	trairmos	trairdes	traírem
Imperative
Affirmative		trai	traia	traiamos	traí	traiam
Negative (não)		não traias	não traia	não traiamos	não traiais	não traiam

Related terms

• traição
• traiçoeiro
• traído
• traidor
• traimento

Further reading

• “trair”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “trair”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romansch

Alternative forms

• trer (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Puter)
• trar (Vallader)

Etymology

From Early Medieval Latin tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull”).

Verb

trair

1. (Rumantsch Grischun) to pull

Derived terms

• sa trair en
• trair a niz
• trair en
• trair en consideraziun
• trair endament
• trair favugn
• trair flad, trair il flad
• trair giu
• trair or, trair ora
• trair schibettas
• trair si