cardinal

See also Cardinal

English

WOTD – 11 June 2006    

Wikipedia

Etymology

From French cardinal, from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from cardō (“hinge”) + -ālis, adjectival suffix.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /ˈkɑː.dɪ.nəl/, X-SAMPA: /"kA:.dI.n@l/
• (US): IPA: /ˈkɑɹdɪnəl/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Adjective

cardinal (comparative more cardinal, superlative most cardinal)

1. Of fundamental importance; crucial, pivotal.

   a cardinal rule

   a cardinal direction

2. (nautical) Of or relating to the cardinal directions (north, south, east and west).

   a cardinal mark

3. Describing a "natural" number used to indicate quantity (e.g., one, two, three), as opposed to an ordinal number indicating relative position.
4. Having a bright red color (from the color of a Catholic cardinal's cassock).

Translations

of fundamental importance

• Breton: pennañ (br)
• Bulgarian: главен (bg) (glaven), основен (bg) (osnoven)
• Catalan: cardinal (ca)
• Finnish: perus- (fi), pää- (fi), emä- (fi), peri- (fi), kardinaali- (fi)
• German: grundsätzlich (de)
• Icelandic: höfuð- (is), aðal- (is), megin- (is), grundvallar- (is) (prefix in a compound word)
• Interlingua: cardinal (ia)
• Irish: cairdinéalta (ga)
• Italian: cardinale (it)

• Japanese: 基本 (ja)
• Persian: کاردینال (fa), عدداصلی (fa), اعداد اصلی (fa), اصلی (fa), اساسی (fa)
• Polish: kardynalny (pl) m
• Portuguese: cardeal (pt), fundamental (pt), principal (pt)
• Russian: главный (ru) (glávnyj), основной (ru) (osnovnój)
• Spanish: cardinal (es)
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: chính (vi), chủ yếu (vi), cốt yếu (vi)

of or relating to the cardinal directions

• Bulgarian: главен (bg) (glaven)
• Finnish: kardinaali- (fi)

• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)

describing a number that indicates quantity

• Armenian: քանակական (hy) (k’anakakan)
• Bulgarian: числителен (bg) (čislitelen)
• Finnish: perus- (fi), kardinaali- (fi)
• French: cardinal (fr)
• German: grundsätzlich (de)
• Interlingua: cardinal (ia)
• Italian: cardinale (it)
• Japanese: 基数 (ja) (きすう, kisū)

• Jèrriais: cardinna
• Polish: kardynalny (pl) m
• Portuguese: cardeal (pt), cardinal (pt)
• Romanian: cardinal (ro)
• Russian: количественный (ru) (kolíčestvennyj)
• Spanish: cardinal (es)
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: lượng (vi)

having a bright red color

• Bulgarian: яркочервен (bg) (jarkočerven)
• Finnish: kardinaalinpunainen (fi)
• French: rouge cardinal (fr)
• German: kardinalrot (de)
• Icelandic: hárauður (is)

• Italian: cardinale (it)
• Polish: purpurowy (pl) m
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: đỏ thắm (vi)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Indonesian: Kardinal (id)

Noun

cardinal (plural cardinals)

1. A number indicating quantity, or the size of a set, e.g., one, two, three. (See Wikipedia article on Cardinal number.)

   The commonest numerals in Latin, as in English, are the "cardinals" […] and the "ordinals" […] — F. M. Wheelock, Wheelock’s Latin, 6th ed. revised (2005), p97

2. An official in the Catholic Church, ranking only below the Pope and the patriarchs. (See Wikipedia article on Catholic cardinals.)
   • 1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 16, Friday's Business^[1]:

     His uncle, a Cardinal, engages a Spanish youth of Moorish descent called Diego, an expert singer and player on the virginal, to unlock the secrets of the heart, […] and cure him by the spell of his music.

3. A songbird of the finch family, Cardinalis cardinalis.
4. Any of various related passerine birds of the family Cardinalidae. (See Wikipedia article on cardinal birds.)
   • 1907, Robert Chambers, chapter 5, The Younger Set^[2]:

     Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume ; … ; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.

5. A shade of scarlet associated with the colour of a Catholic cardinal's cassock.

   cardinal colour:

6. A woman's short cloak with a hood.
   • Lloyd

     Where's your cardinal! Make haste.

7. mulled red wine

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Hotten to this entry?)

Translations

number

• Armenian: քանակական թվական (hy) (k’anakakan t’vakan)
• Bulgarian: числително (bg) (čislitelno) n
• Dutch: hoofdtelwoord (nl) n
• Finnish: perusluku (fi)
• French: cardinal (fr)
• German: Grundzahl (de) f, Kardinalzahl (de) f
• Greek: απόλυτος αριθμός (el) (apólytos arithmós) m
• Icelandic: frumtala (is) f
• Italian: numero cardinale (it) m
• Japanese: 基数 (ja) (kisū)

• Kurdish: (jimareyên) sade
• Latvian: kardināls (lv)
• Polish: liczba główna (pl) f, liczba kardynalna (pl) f
• Portuguese: cardinal (pt) m, número cardinal (pt) m
• Russian: количественное числительное (ru) (kolíčestvennoje čislítel’noje) n
• Slovene: kardinalno število (sl) n
• Spanish: número cardinal (es) m
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: số lượng (vi)
• West Frisian: haadtelwurd (fy)

official in Catholic Church

• Bulgarian: кардинал (bg) (kardinal) m
• Czech: kardinál (cs) m
• Dutch: kardinaal (nl) m
• Finnish: kardinaali (fi)
• French: cardinal (fr) m
• German: Kardinal (de) m
• Greek: καρδινάλιος (el) (kardinálios) m
• Hungarian: bíboros (hu), kardinális (hu), bíbornok (hu)
• Icelandic: kardináli (is) m
• Italian: cardinale (it) m
• Japanese: 枢機卿 (ja) (sūki-kyō)

• Jèrriais: cardinna m
• Kurdish: kardînal (ku), metran (ku)
• Luxembourgish: Kardinol (lb) m
• Polish: kardynał (pl) m
• Portuguese: cardeal (pt) m
• Russian: кардинал (ru) (kardinál) m
• Slovene: kardinal (sl) m
• Spanish: cardenal (es) m
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: (đức) hồng y

bird Cardinalis cardinalis

• Bulgarian: чинка (bg) (činka) f
• Finnish: punakardinaali (fi)
• German: Rotkardinal (de) m
• Irish: cairdinéal (ga) m

• Navajo: tááʼyaʼniiltʼóshii
• Spanish: cardenal común (es) m, cardenal rojo (es) m
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)

any bird in family Cardinalidae

• Dutch: kardinaal (nl) m
• Finnish: kardinaali (fi)
• French: cardinal (fr) m
• German: Kardinal (de) m
• Italian: cardinale (it) m

• Polish: kardynał (pl) m
• Portuguese: cardeal (pt) m
• Russian: кардинал (ru) (kardinál) m
• Spanish: cardenal (es) m
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)

colour

• Bulgarian: яркочервен цвят (bg) (jarkočerven cvjat)
• Dutch: kardinaalrood (nl) n
• Finnish: kardinaalinpunainen (fi)
• French: rouge cardinal (fr)
• German: Kardinalrot (de) n
• Icelandic: hárauður (is) m

• Italian: color cardinale (it) m
• Japanese: 緋色 (ja) (hiiro)
• Polish: purpura (pl) f
• Swahili: kadinoli (sw)
• Vietnamese: (màu) đỏ thắm

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Breton: (1) niver pegementiñ (br), (2) kardinal (br)
• Interlingua: (1) numero cardinal (ia), (2,3) cardinal (ia)
• Romanian: cardinal (ro)
• Vietnamese: chim hồng y (vi)

Derived terms

cardinal bird cardinal concern cardinal number cardinal fish cardinal flower cardinally

cardinal numeral cardinal point cardinal spider cardinal symptom cardinal virtue cardinal vowels

cardinalate cardinality cardinalship incardinate

See also

• (reds) red; blood red, brick red, burgundy, cardinal, carmine, carnation, cerise, cherry, cherry red, Chinese red, cinnabar, claret, crimson, damask, fire brick, fire engine red, flame, flamingo, fuchsia, garnet, geranium, gules, hot pink, incarnadine, Indian red, magenta, maroon, misty rose, nacarat, oxblood, pillar-box red, pink, Pompeian red, poppy, raspberry, red violet, rose, rouge, ruby, ruddy, salmon, sanguine, scarlet, shocking pink, stammel, strawberry, Turkey red, Venetian red, vermillion, vinaceous, vinous, violet red, wine ^{(Category: en:Reds)}
• Contrast with ordinal (numbers)

Anagrams

• Clarinda

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French

Etymology

Latin cardinalis

Pronunciation

• IPA: /kaʁ.diˈnal/

Adjective

cardinal m (feminine cardinale, masculine plural cardinaux, feminine plural cardinales)

1. important, paramount
2. (mathematics) cardinal

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinaux)

1. (religion) cardinal
2. cardinal number
3. cardinal (bird)

Noun

cardinal m (invariable)

1. cardinal (color)

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Italian

Noun

cardinal m (invariable)

1. apocopic form of cardinale

Anagrams

• calandri

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Middle French

Noun

cardinal m (plural cardinauls)

1. (Christianity) cardinal

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ka̠ɾ.diˈna̠l/

Etymology

From Latin cardināli, singular ablative of cardinālis.

Adjective

cardinal m and f (plural cardinales)

1. cardinal crucial, pivotal (for few cases)

Derived terms

• punto cardinal
• número cardinal
• virtud cardinal

Related terms

• cardenal (the noun sense)