et al.

English

Alternative forms

• & al.
• et. al (erroneous)

Etymology

From Latin, abbreviation of et (“and”) and alii (“others”) and its forms and derivatives.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /etˈɑl/

Abbreviation

1. And others; to complete a list, especially of people, as authors of a published work.

Usage notes

• Formerly, this was preferred by some over etc. for lists of people in all contexts. At present the two abbreviations are used synonymously in many contexts for completing lists. However, in lists of authors of a published work et al. is still used.

Derived terms

• et alia
• et aliae
• et alibi
• et alii
• et alios

Related terms

• etc., &c.

Translations

and others

Arabic: واخرون (ar) Czech: a další (cs) Danish: og andre (da) Dutch: en anderen (nl) Finnish: ynnä muut (fi) French: et al. (fr), et coll. (fr), & cie (fr) Greek: κ.ά. (el) (k.á.) Hungarian: és tsai. (hu), et al. (hu)

Mandarin: 等等 (cmn) Norwegian: og andre (no) Portuguese: e outros (pt) Russian: и др. (ru) Spanish: y otros (es) m. pl., y otras (es) f. pl. Ukrainian: та ін. (uk) pl. Welsh: ac eraill (cy)

Anagrams

• ETLA, late, leat, tael, tale, teal, tela

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Latin

Alternative forms

• et al

Adverb

et al.

1. Abbreviation for et alii (masculine), et aliae (feminine) or et alia (neuter), in all cases meaning and others. Mixed-gender groups would use et alii.
2. Abbreviation for et alibi, meaning and other occurrences in a text.