instrumental

See also inštrumentál

English

Wikipedia

Wikipedia

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.

Etymology

From Middle English, from Medieval Latin instrumentalis, from instruere (“to build into, set up, construct, furnish, hence "to train"”), from in- (“on”) + struere (“to put together, arrange, pile up, build, construct”), from Proto-Indo-European *strew- (“to spread, to strew”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Adjective

instrumental (comparative more instrumental, superlative most instrumental)

1. Acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; essential or central.

   He was instrumental in conducting the business.

   • (Can we date this quote?), William Shakespeare, Hamlet, I,ii

     The head is not more native to the heart, The hand more instrumental to the mouth —

2. (music) Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, especially a musical instrument.

   instrumental music

   • (Can we date this quote?) Thomas Babington Macaulay

     He defended the use of instrumental music in public worship.

   • Sweet voices mix'd with instrumental sounds. — John Dryden
3. (grammar) Applied to a case expressing means or agency, generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective.

   the instrumental case.

Coordinate terms

• (serving as a means): final
• (music): vocal, a capella

Antonyms

• noninstrumental

Derived terms

terms derived from instrument (noun)

instrumental error instrumentation

instrumentality instrumentive

Translations

acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; essential or central.

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 有幫助的 (cmn), 可作為方法的 (cmn), 可作為手段的 (cmn)

music

• Dutch: instrumentaal (nl)
• Finnish: instrumentaalinen (fi)
• French: instrumental (fr)
• German: instrumental (de)

• Lithuanian: instrumentinis (lt) m
• Polish: instrumentalny (pl)
• Spanish: instrumental (es)
• Turkish: aletli (tr), aletsel (tr), enstrümantal (tr)

pertaining to the instrumental case

• Albanian: instrumental (sq)
• Bulgarian: творителен (bg) (tvoritelen)
• Finnish: instrumentaalinen (fi)
• French: instrumental (fr)
• Georgian: მოქმედებითი (ka) (mok'medebit'i) 
• German: Instrumentalis (de) m
• Haitian Creole: enstrimantal
• Hungarian: eszközhatározói (hu)

• Lao: ຊ່ວຍ (lo) (suany)
• Romanian: instrumental (ro)
• Russian: творительный (ru) (tvorítel’nyj) 
• Spanish: instrumental (es)
• Tagalog: nakatulong (tl)
• Turkish: enstrümental (tr)
• Urdu: آلہ کار (ur) (alah-e-kar)

Noun

instrumental (countable and uncountable; plural instrumentals)

1. (uncountable, grammar) The instrumental case.
2. (countable, music) A composition without lyrics.

Translations

grammatical case

• Armenian: գործիական (hy) (gorçiakan) 
• Bulgarian: творителен падеж (tvorítelen padéž) m
• Czech: sedmý pád (cs) m, instrumentál (cs) m
• Dutch: instrumentalis (nl)
• Finnish: instrumentaali (fi)
• French: instrumental (fr) m
• Georgian: მოქმედებითი (ka) (mok'medebit'i) 
• German: Instrumental-Kasus m
• Greek: πειραματική φωνητική (el) f (peiramatikí fonitikí), εργαστηριακή φωνητική (el) f (ergastiriakí fonitikí)
• Hungarian: eszközhatározó eset (using -val or -vel endings)
• Icelandic: tækisfall (is) n

• Japanese: 造格 (ja) (ぞうかく, zoukaku), 具格 (ja) (ぐかく, gukaku)
• Korean: 조격 (ko) (jogyeok)
• Latvian: instrumentālis (lv)
• Lithuanian: įnagininkas (lt) m
• Polish: narzędnik (pl) m
• Russian: творительный падеж (ru) (tvorítel’nyj padéž) m 
• Serbo-Croatian: instrumental (sh) m
• Slovak: siedmy pád (sk) m, inštrumentál (sk) m
• Slovene: orodnik (sl) m
• Spanish: caso instrumental (es) m
• Turkish: enstrümantal (tr)

composition without lyrics

• Czech: instrumentálka (cs) f
• Finnish: instrumentaali (fi)

• French: instrumental (fr) m
• Korean: 기악 (ko) (giak)

External links

• instrumental in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• instrumental in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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French

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA: /ɛ̃s.tʁy.mɑ̃.tal/

Adjective

instrumental m (feminine instrumentale, masculine plural instrumentaux, feminine plural instrumentales)

1. instrumental

Noun

instrumental m (plural instrumentaux)

1. (grammar) the instrumental case

See also

• accusatif
• génitif
• locatif
• nominatif
• vocatif

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German

Etymology

From French instrumental.

Instrument +‎ -al

Adjective

instrumental (not comparable)

1. (music) instrumental

Antonyms

• nichtinstrumental

Declension

    Declension of instrumental

gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist instrumental	sie ist instrumental	es ist instrumental	sie sind instrumental
strong declension (without article)	nominative	instrumentaler	instrumentale	instrumentales	instrumentale
	genitive	instrumentalen	instrumentaler	instrumentalen	instrumentaler
	dative	instrumentalem	instrumentaler	instrumentalem	instrumentalen
	accusative	instrumentalen	instrumentale	instrumentales	instrumentale
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der instrumentale	die instrumentale	das instrumentale	die instrumentalen
	genitive	des instrumentalen	der instrumentalen	des instrumentalen	der instrumentalen
	dative	dem instrumentalen	der instrumentalen	dem instrumentalen	den instrumentalen
	accusative	den instrumentalen	die instrumentale	das instrumentale	die instrumentalen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein instrumentaler	eine instrumentale	ein instrumentales	(keine) instrumentalen
	genitive	eines instrumentalen	einer instrumentalen	eines instrumentalen	(keiner) instrumentalen
	dative	einem instrumentalen	einer instrumentalen	einem instrumentalen	(keinen) instrumentalen
	accusative	einen instrumentalen	eine instrumentale	ein instrumentales	(keine) instrumentalen

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Serbo-Croatian

Noun

ȉnstrumentāl m (Cyrillic spelling и̏нструмента̄л)

1. the instrumental case

Declension

    declension of instrumental

	singular	plural
nominative	instrumental	instrumentali
genitive	instrumentala	instrumentala
dative	instrumentalu	instrumentalima
accusative	instrumental	instrumentale
vocative	instrumentale	instrumentali
locative	instrumentalu	instrumentalima
instrumental	instrumentalom	instrumentalima

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Spanish

Adjective

instrumental m and f (plural instrumentales)

1. instrumental