čuti

See also: cuti, cutí, and чути

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *čuti, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃûti/
• Hyphenation: ču‧ti

Verb

čȕti impf or pf (Cyrillic spelling чу̏ти)

1. (ambitransitive) to hear

   Čujem vas. ― I hear you.

2. (reflexive) to hear from

   On i ja se nismo čuli godinama.

   He and I haven't heard from each other in years.

3. (transitive, regional) to smell

Conjugation

Conjugation of čuti

infinitive		čuti
present verbal adverb		čȕjūći
past verbal adverb		čȗvši
verbal noun		čùvēnje
		singular			plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present		čȕjēm	čȕjēš	čȕjē	čȕjēmo	čȕjēte	čȕjū
future	future I	čȕt ću1 čȕću	čȕt ćeš1 čȕćeš	čȕt će1 čȕće	čȕt ćemo1 čȕćemo	čȕt ćete1 čȕćete	čȕt ćē1 čȕćē
	future II	bȕdēm čȕo2	bȕdēš čȕo2	bȕdē čȕo2	bȕdēmo čȕli2	bȕdēte čȕli2	bȕdū čȕli2
past	perfect	čȕo sam2	čȕo si2	čȕo je2	čȕli smo2	čȕli ste2	čȕli su2
	pluperfect3	bȉo sam čȕo2	bȉo si čȕo2	bȉo je čȕo2	bíli smo čȕli2	bíli ste čȕli2	bíli su čȕli2
	aorist	čȕh	čȕ	čȕ	čȕsmo	čȕste	čȕše
	imperfect	čȕjāh	čȕjāše	čȕjāše	čȕjāsmo	čȕjāste	čȕjāhu
conditional	conditional I	čȕo bih2	čȕo bi2	čȕo bi2	čȕli bismo2	čȕli biste2	čȕli bi2
	conditional II4	bȉo bih čȕo2	bȉo bi čȕo2	bȉo bi čȕo2	bíli bismo čȕli2	bíli biste čȕli2	bíli bi čȕli2
imperative		—	čȗj	—	čȗjmo	čȗjte	—
active past participle		čȕo m / čȕla f / čȕlo n			čȕli m / čȕle f / čȕla n
passive past participle		čùven m / čuvèna f / čuvèno n			čuvèni m / čuvène f / čuvèna n

¹   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
²   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• dòčuti
• nàčuti
• pòčuti
• prèčuti
• pròčuti
• zàčuti

See also

• (hear): slušati

Further reading

• “čuti”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovene

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuti. First attested in the 16th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃùːti/

Verb

čúti impf or pf

1. (transitive, colloquial, archaic) to hear

   Synonym: slíšati

Conjugation

Class I, accentual type IIA (accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings), perfective and imperfective

Infinitive čúti (ø-ti)

Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts)		čúti
Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial)		čūt, čȕt
Supine		čȗt, čȕt pf, čȗt impf
l-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	čȗł, čȕł	čúla	čūlo
dual	čūla	čūli	čūli
plural	čūli	čūle	čūla
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	čȗt	čȗta	čȗto
dual	čȗta	čȗti	čȗti
plural	čȗti	čȗte	čȗta
š-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	čȗvši	čȗvša	čȗvše
dual	čȗvša	čȗvši	čȗvši
plural	čȗvši	čȗvše	čȗvša
adverbial š-participle		čȗvši
True gerund		čūtje
Objectified gerund		–

Present stem čȗjem (je-m)

Present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	čȗjem	čȗjeva, čȗjema	čȗjemo
2nd person	čȗješ	čȗjeta, čȗjesta	čȗjete, čȗjeste
3rd person	čȗje	čȗjeta, čȗjesta	čȗjejo
Imperative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	čūj	čūjva, čūjma	čūjmo
2nd person	čūj	čūjta	čūjte
3rd person	čūj	čūjta	–
č-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter , čujọ́ča
singular	čujȅč, čujọ̄č, čujȍč	čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča	čujẹ́če, čujọ́če
dual	čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča	čujẹ́či, čujọ́či	čujẹ́či, čujọ́či
plural	čujẹ́či, čujọ́či	čujẹ́če, čujọ́če	čujẹ́ča, čujọ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle		čujȅč, čujẹ̄č, čujọ̄č
e-participle		–

Derived terms

• čȗj
• prečúti
• začúti

Further reading

• “čuti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “čuti”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references