ил

Bashkir

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [il]
• Hyphenation: ил (one syllable)

Noun

ил • (il)

1. country, state

   Сит ил.

   Sit il.

   A foregn country.

   Һалдат илде һаҡлай.

   Haldat ilde haqlay.

   Soldier guards the country.

   Йәш быуын — илдең киләсәге.

   Yəş bıwın — ildeñ kiləsəge.

   The young generation is the country's future.

   Илдә тәмәке тартыуға ҡаршы аҙналыҡ башланды.

   İldə təməke tartıwğa qarşı aźnalıq başlandı.

   A weekly campaign against tobacco smoking has begun in the country.

   Беҙҙең илебеҙҙә Интернет түгел, гәзит барып етмәгән, почтальон аяғы баҫмаған мөйөштәр бар һаман.

   Beźźeñ ilebeźźə İnternet tügel, gəzit barıp yetməgən, poçtalʹon ayağı baśmağan möyöştər bar haman.

   There are still locations in our country where newspapers do not reach, (where) postman's feet hasn't touched yet, let alone the Internet.

2. society, people
3. (archaic) homeland

   Батыр яуҙан ҡайтмаһа, даны ҡайтыр иленә.

   Batır yawźan qaytmaha, danı qaytır ilenə.

   If a hero does not return from war, his good name will return to his homeland.

Declension

Declension of ил (il)

	singular	plural
absolute	ил (il)	илдәр (ildər)
definite genitive	илдең (ildeñ)	илдәрҙең (ildərźeñ)
dative	илгә (ilgə)	илдәргә (ildərgə)
definite accusative	илде (ilde)	илдәрҙе (ildərźe)
locative	илдә (ildə)	илдәрҙә (ildərźə)
ablative	илдән (ildən)	илдәрҙән (ildərźən)

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Mongolian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /iɮ/, [iɮ]

Etymology 1

Cognate with Buryat эли (eli, “wapiti fawn”), Kalmyk ил (il, “fawn”).

Compare Proto-Turkic *elik (“roebuck, wild goat”) (see Turkish elik) and Even елкэн (jelkən, “reindeer (leader of the herd)”), similar to other Eurasian deer-related words such as Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“deer”), Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *əlwæ (“wild reindeer”) (Chukchi ылвылю), Ket илэ.

Alternative forms

• илий (ilii)

Noun

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠢ (ili))

1. fawn (a young deer)

Related terms

• илэг (ileg, “suede, deerskin”)

Etymology 2

Adjective

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠡ (ile))

1. clear, obvious, perceptible

   ил захидал ― il zaxidal ― post card

   Synonyms: тод (tod), тодорхой (todorxoj), илэрхий (ilerxii), ил тод (il tod)

2. out in the open (not hidden; not inside)

   ил уурхай ― il uurxaj ― opencast mine

   Synonyms: задгай (zadgaj), ил задгай (il zadgaj)

3. known (not secret)

Antonyms

• нууц (nuuc, “secret”)
• далд (dald, “covered, invisible”)
• дотор (dotor, “inside”)

Adverb

ил • (il)

1. publicly, openly

   ил хэлэх ― il xelex ― to say to one’s face

   ил гаргах ― il gargax ― to make clear

   ил ярих ― il jarix ― give a speech

Derived terms

Derived terms

• илхэн (ilxen, “obvious”)
• илдэх (ildex, “to be evident”)
  • илтгэх (iltgex, “to report”)
    • илтгэгч (iltgegč, “orator”)
    • илтгэл (iltgel, “presentation”)
    • илтгэц (iltgec, “index”)
• илчлэх (ilčlex, “to disclose, to expose”)
  • илчлэлт (ilčlelt, “revalation”)

• илрэх (ilrex, “to manifest, to become obvious”)
  • илрэл (ilrel, “manifestation, display”)
  • илрүүлэх (ilrüülex, “to expose, to detect”)
    • илрүүлэлт (ilrüülelt, “exposé, exposure”)
• ил задгай (il zadgaj, “bare, open”)
• ил тод (il tod, “plain, obvious”)

• илэрхий (ilerxii, “clear, evident”)
  • илэрхийлэх (ilerxiilex, “to clarify, to express”)
    • илэрхийлэл (ilerxiilel, “statement”)
    • илэрхийлэлт (ilerxiilelt, “expression”)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from a Turkic language, hailing back to Proto-Turkic *ēl. The sense evolution of international relations, ally and peace is attested already in pre-Mongolian Turkic languages.

Alternative forms

• ᠡᠯ (el)

Noun

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯ (il))

1. country, territory
2. (archaic) ally
3. (archaic) harmony, peace

Etymology 4

Verb

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠢ (ili))

1. (deprecated template usage) imperative of илэх (ilex)

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Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *jьlъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iɫ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ил • (il) m inan (genitive и́ла, nominative plural и́лы, genitive plural и́лов)

1. silt, clay, mud, ooze, sludge

Declension

Declension of ил (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	и́л íl	и́лы íly
genitive	и́ла íla	и́лов ílov
dative	и́лу ílu	и́лам ílam
accusative	и́л íl	и́лы íly
instrumental	и́лом ílom	и́лами ílami
prepositional	и́ле íle	и́лах ílax

Related terms

• илистость (ilistostʹ)
• илистый (ilistyj), иловый (ilovyj)