بس

See also: بسـ, بش, پس, and پش

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب س س (b s s)
1 term

Pronunciation

• Verb: IPA^(key): /bas.sa/
• Noun: IPA^(key): /bass/

Verb

بَسَّ • (bassa) I (non-past يَبُسُّ (yabussu), verbal noun بَسّ (bass))

1. (transitive) to crush
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:4-5:

     إِذَا رُجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ رَجًّا وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا

     ʔiḏā rujjati l-ʔarḍu rajjan wabussati al-jibālu bassan

     When the earth is shaken with convulsion / And the mountains are crushed, crumbling

Conjugation

Conjugation of بَسَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun بَسّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَسّ bass
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						بَاسّ bāss
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَبْسُوس mabsūs
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَسَسْتُ basastu	بَسَسْتَ basasta	بَسَّ bassa		بَسَسْتُمَا basastumā	بَسَّا bassā		بَسَسْنَا basasnā	بَسَسْتُمْ basastum	بَسُّوا bassū
	f		بَسَسْتِ basasti	بَسَّتْ bassat			بَسَّتَا bassatā			بَسَسْتُنَّ basastunna	بَسَسْنَ basasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبُسُّ ʔabussu	تَبُسُّ tabussu	يَبُسُّ yabussu		تَبُسَّانِ tabussāni	يَبُسَّانِ yabussāni		نَبُسُّ nabussu	تَبُسُّونَ tabussūna	يَبُسُّونَ yabussūna
	f		تَبُسِّينَ tabussīna	تَبُسُّ tabussu			تَبُسَّانِ tabussāni			تَبْسُسْنَ tabsusna	يَبْسُسْنَ yabsusna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبُسَّ ʔabussa	تَبُسَّ tabussa	يَبُسَّ yabussa		تَبُسَّا tabussā	يَبُسَّا yabussā		نَبُسَّ nabussa	تَبُسُّوا tabussū	يَبُسُّوا yabussū
	f		تَبُسِّي tabussī	تَبُسَّ tabussa			تَبُسَّا tabussā			تَبْسُسْنَ tabsusna	يَبْسُسْنَ yabsusna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبُسَّ, أَبُسِّ, أَبْسُسْ ʔabussa, ʔabussi, ʔabsus	تَبُسَّ, تَبُسِّ, تَبْسُسْ tabussa, tabussi, tabsus	يَبُسَّ, يَبُسِّ, يَبْسُسْ yabussa, yabussi, yabsus		تَبُسَّا tabussā	يَبُسَّا yabussā		نَبُسَّ, نَبُسِّ, نَبْسُسْ nabussa, nabussi, nabsus	تَبُسُّوا tabussū	يَبُسُّوا yabussū
	f		تَبُسِّي tabussī	تَبُسَّ, تَبُسِّ, تَبْسُسْ tabussa, tabussi, tabsus			تَبُسَّا tabussā			تَبْسُسْنَ tabsusna	يَبْسُسْنَ yabsusna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بُسَّ, بُسِّ, اُبْسُسْ bussa, bussi, ubsus			بُسَّا bussā				بُسُّوا bussū
	f		بُسِّي bussī							اُبْسُسْنَ ubsusna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُسِسْتُ busistu	بُسِسْتَ busista	بُسَّ bussa		بُسِسْتُمَا busistumā	بُسَّا bussā		بُسِسْنَا busisnā	بُسِسْتُمْ busistum	بُسُّوا bussū
	f		بُسِسْتِ busisti	بُسَّتْ bussat			بُسَّتَا bussatā			بُسِسْتُنَّ busistunna	بُسِسْنَ busisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَسُّ ʔubassu	تُبَسُّ tubassu	يُبَسُّ yubassu		تُبَسَّانِ tubassāni	يُبَسَّانِ yubassāni		نُبَسُّ nubassu	تُبَسُّونَ tubassūna	يُبَسُّونَ yubassūna
	f		تُبَسِّينَ tubassīna	تُبَسُّ tubassu			تُبَسَّانِ tubassāni			تُبْسَسْنَ tubsasna	يُبْسَسْنَ yubsasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَسَّ ʔubassa	تُبَسَّ tubassa	يُبَسَّ yubassa		تُبَسَّا tubassā	يُبَسَّا yubassā		نُبَسَّ nubassa	تُبَسُّوا tubassū	يُبَسُّوا yubassū
	f		تُبَسِّي tubassī	تُبَسَّ tubassa			تُبَسَّا tubassā			تُبْسَسْنَ tubsasna	يُبْسَسْنَ yubsasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَسَّ, أُبَسِّ, أُبْسَسْ ʔubassa, ʔubassi, ʔubsas	تُبَسَّ, تُبَسِّ, تُبْسَسْ tubassa, tubassi, tubsas	يُبَسَّ, يُبَسِّ, يُبْسَسْ yubassa, yubassi, yubsas		تُبَسَّا tubassā	يُبَسَّا yubassā		نُبَسَّ, نُبَسِّ, نُبْسَسْ nubassa, nubassi, nubsas	تُبَسُّوا tubassū	يُبَسُّوا yubassū
	f		تُبَسِّي tubassī	تُبَسَّ, تُبَسِّ, تُبْسَسْ tubassa, tubassi, tubsas			تُبَسَّا tubassā			تُبْسَسْنَ tubsasna	يُبْسَسْنَ yubsasna

Noun

بَسّ • (bass) m

1. verbal noun of بَسَّ (bassa) (form I)
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 56:4-5:

     إِذَا رُجَّتِ الْأَرْضُ رَجًّا وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا

     ʔiḏā rujjati l-ʔarḍu rajjan wabussati l-jibālu bassan

     When the earth is shaken with convulsion / And the mountains are crushed, crumbling

Declension

Declension of noun بَسّ (bass)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بَسّ bass	الْبَسّ al-bass	بَسّ bass
nominative	بَسٌّ bassun	الْبَسُّ al-bassu	بَسُّ bassu
accusative	بَسًّا bassan	الْبَسَّ al-bassa	بَسَّ bassa
genitive	بَسٍّ bassin	الْبَسِّ al-bassi	بَسِّ bassi

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

بُسْ • (bus) (form I) /bus/

1. second-person masculine singular imperative of بَاسَ (bāsa)

Burushaski

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bis]

Noun

بس (bis)

1. fat

References

• Bechtholdt, Astrid (2025), “bis”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017.

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Persian بس (bas), from Middle Persian ws (/⁠was⁠/).

Conjunction

بس • (bas)

1. but
2. only, just
3. enough, stop

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Persian بس (bas), from Middle Persian ws (/⁠was⁠/).

Conjunction

بس • (bas)

1. but, though

   رِحْتْ اِلْمَطْعَمْ بَسْ كَانْ مْسَكَّر ― I went to the restaurant but it was closed.

2. only, just

   سِعِر اِلْوَجْبَة بَسْ دِينَار ― The meal costs just one dinar.

3. enough

   بَسِّكْ كَمْيُوتَر ― Enough computer (time) for you!

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology 1

From Arabic بَسّ (bass, “cat”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /biss/, [bɪs]

Noun

بس • (biss) m (plural بسس (bisas), feminine بِسَّة (bissa))

1. cat

Usage notes

The feminine noun بسة (bissa) is used more regardless of the animal's gender.

Etymology 2

From Persian بس (bas, “enough, only”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bass/, [bas]

Conjunction

بس • (bas)

1. only, just
2. enough

   Synonym: كفاية (kifāya)

3. but, though

   Synonym: لكن (lākin)

Iraqi Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian بس (bas).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bass/

Conjunction

بس (bass)

1. only, just
2. enough
3. but, though

Malay

Noun

بس (plural بس-بس or بس٢)

1. Jawi spelling of bas.‎

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from English bus.

Noun

بس • (bas) m

1. bus

   Synonym: سروېس (sarwes)

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian ws (/⁠was⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *was- (“to want, wish”), from Proto-Indo-European *weḱ- (“to wish”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbas/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäs]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäs]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bäs]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bäs]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæs]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäs]

Readings
Classical reading?	bas
Dari reading?	bas
Iranian reading?	bas
Tajik reading?	bas

Adverb

بس • (bas)

1. enough, sufficiently
2. only

Determiner

بس • (bas)

1. many

Usage notes

Usually used in form of بسی (basi).

Derived terms

• بسـ (“poly-”)

Interjection

بس • (bas)

1. enough

   بسه! ― bas e! ― Enough!

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: bəs
• → Bengali: ব্যাস (bês)
• → Gujarati: બસ (bas)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: बस (bas)

  Urdu: بس

• → Marathi: बास (bās), बस (bas)
• → Ottoman Turkish: بس (bes)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਬਸ (bas), ਬੱਸ (bassa)

  Shahmukhi script: بس (bs)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bus.

Noun

Dari	بس, سرویس
Iranian Persian	اتوبوس
Tajik	автобус

بس • (bus) (Dari transliteration)

1. bus

Usage notes

• Used by bus services in Afghanistan but rarely used otherwise. Speakers tend to use سرویس (sarwīs, sarwēs).

References

• Nourai, Ali (2011), An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 507

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

From Persian بس (bas), from Middle Persian ws (/⁠was⁠/).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bass/, [bas]

• Audio (Jerusalem):

  (file)

Adverb

بسّ • (bass)

1. only, just

   ماما، بسّ خمس دقايق. ― māmā, bass ḵams daʔāyeʔ ― Mom, just five minutes.

Conjunction

بسّ • (bass)

1. but

   Synonyms: لاكن (lāken), أمّا (ʔamma)

2. as soon as, once (with subjunctive verb)

   Synonym: لمّا (lamma)

Interjection

بسّ • (bass)

1. that's enough!, stop it!

   Synonyms: خلص (ḵalaṣ), حاجة (ḥāje)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bis/, [bɪs]

• Audio (Jerusalem):

  (file)

Noun

بسّ • (biss) m (plural بساس (bsās), feminine بسّة (bisse))

1. cat

Usage notes

The feminine noun بسّة (bisse) is used more regardless of the animal's gender.

Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bəs/
• Rhymes: -əs

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian بس (bas).

Adverb

بَس • (bas) (Hindi spelling बस)

1. merely, only

   Synonym: صِرْف (sirf)

Interjection

بَس • (bas) (Hindi spelling बस)

1. enough

Adjective

بس • (bas) (indeclinable)

1. enough; ample

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English bus.

Noun

بس • (bas) f

1. bus

Declension

Declension of بس

	singular	plural
direct	بَس (bas)	بَسیں (basẽ)
oblique	بَس (bas)	بَسوں (basõ)
vocative	بَس (bas)	بَسو (baso)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀯𑀲 (vasa), from Sanskrit वश (vaśa), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wášas.

Noun

بَس • (bas) m (Hindi spelling बस)

1. power, control, ability

Declension

Declension of بس

	singular	plural
direct	بَس (bas)	بَس (bas)
oblique	بَس (bas)	بَسوں (basõ)
vocative	بَس (bas)	بَسو (baso)

Etymology 4

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *wisós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *wišás

Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá)

Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀲 (visa)

Urdu بِس

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀯𑀺𑀲 (visa), from Sanskrit वि॒ष (viṣá). Doublet of بِش (biś) and وِش (viś).

Noun

بِس • (bis) m (Hindi spelling बिस)

1. poison

   Synonym: زَہْر (zahr)

Declension

Declension of بس

	singular	plural
direct	بِس (bis)	بِس (bis)
oblique	بِس (bis)	بِسوں (bisõ)
vocative	بِس (bis)	بِسو (biso)

Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

بَس • (bas) (Hindi spelling बस)

1. inflection of بسنا (basnā):
   1. stem
   2. second-person singular present imperative

References

• “بس”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “بس”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu بس (bas).

Adverb

بس (bas)

1. merely, only

Adjective

بس (bas)

1. enough; ample

Interjection

بس (bas)

1. enough

Noun

بس (bas)

1. a signal to tell that you are finished