سام

See also: شام

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
س م و (s m w)
13 terms

Derived from the active participle of سَمَا (samā, “to be high, to be exalted”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saː.min/

Adjective

سَامٍ • (sāmin) (informal سَامِي (sāmī), feminine سَامِيَة (sāmiya), masculine plural سَامُون (sāmūn) or سُمَاة (sumāh), feminine plural سَامِيَات (sāmiyāt), elative أَسْمَى (ʔasmā))

Declension

Declension of adjective **سَامٍ** (sāmin)
singular	masculine		feminine
	singular triptote in ـٍ (-in)		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامِي sāmī	السَّامِي as-sāmī	سَامِيَة sāmiya	السَّامِيَة as-sāmiya
nominative	سَامٍ sāmin	السَّامِي as-sāmī	سَامِيَةٌ sāmiyatun	السَّامِيَةُ as-sāmiyatu
accusative	سَامِيًا sāmiyan	السَّامِيَ as-sāmiya	سَامِيَةً sāmiyatan	السَّامِيَةَ as-sāmiyata
genitive	سَامٍ sāmin	السَّامِي as-sāmī	سَامِيَةٍ sāmiyatin	السَّامِيَةِ as-sāmiyati
dual	masculine		feminine
dual	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامِيَيْن sāmiyayn	السَّامِيَيْن as-sāmiyayn	سَامِيَتَيْن sāmiyatayn	السَّامِيَتَيْن as-sāmiyatayn
nominative	سَامِيَانِ sāmiyāni	السَّامِيَانِ as-sāmiyāni	سَامِيَتَانِ sāmiyatāni	السَّامِيَتَانِ as-sāmiyatāni
accusative	سَامِيَيْنِ sāmiyayni	السَّامِيَيْنِ as-sāmiyayni	سَامِيَتَيْنِ sāmiyatayni	السَّامِيَتَيْنِ as-sāmiyatayni
genitive	سَامِيَيْنِ sāmiyayni	السَّامِيَيْنِ as-sāmiyayni	سَامِيَتَيْنِ sāmiyatayni	السَّامِيَتَيْنِ as-sāmiyatayni
plural	masculine		feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَاة (-āh)		sound feminine plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامِين‎; سُمَاة sāmīn‎; sumāt	السَّامِين‎; السُّمَاة as-sāmīn‎; as-sumāt	سَامِيَات sāmiyāt	السَّامِيَات as-sāmiyāt
nominative	سَامُونَ‎; سُمَاةٌ sāmūna‎; sumātun	السَّامُونَ‎; السُّمَاةُ as-sāmūna‎; as-sumātu	سَامِيَاتٌ sāmiyātun	السَّامِيَاتُ as-sāmiyātu
accusative	سَامِينَ‎; سُمَاةً sāmīna‎; sumātan	السَّامِينَ‎; السُّمَاةَ as-sāmīna‎; as-sumāta	سَامِيَاتٍ sāmiyātin	السَّامِيَاتِ as-sāmiyāti
genitive	سَامِينَ‎; سُمَاةٍ sāmīna‎; sumātin	السَّامِينَ‎; السُّمَاةِ as-sāmīna‎; as-sumāti	سَامِيَاتٍ sāmiyātin	السَّامِيَاتِ as-sāmiyāti

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: sami
→ Bengali: সামী (samī)
→ Malay: sami
- Indonesian: sami
→ Ottoman Turkish: سامی
→ Persian: سامی
→ Tajik: сомӣ (somi)
→ Urdu: سامی (sāmī)

Etymology 2

Derived from the active participle of سَمَّ (samma, “to poison”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saːmm/

Adjective

سَامّ • (sāmm) (feminine سَامَّة (sāmma), masculine plural سَامُّونَ (sāmmūna), feminine plural سَامَّات (sāmmāt) or سَوَامّ (sawāmm))

poisonous, toxic

Declension

Declension of adjective **سَامّ** (sāmm)
singular	masculine		feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامّ sāmm	السَّامّ as-sāmm	سَامَّة sāmma	السَّامَّة as-sāmma
nominative	سَامٌّ sāmmun	السَّامُّ as-sāmmu	سَامَّةٌ sāmmatun	السَّامَّةُ as-sāmmatu
accusative	سَامًّا sāmman	السَّامَّ as-sāmma	سَامَّةً sāmmatan	السَّامَّةَ as-sāmmata
genitive	سَامٍّ sāmmin	السَّامِّ as-sāmmi	سَامَّةٍ sāmmatin	السَّامَّةِ as-sāmmati
dual	masculine		feminine
dual	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامَّيْن sāmmayn	السَّامَّيْن as-sāmmayn	سَامَّتَيْن sāmmatayn	السَّامَّتَيْن as-sāmmatayn
nominative	سَامَّانِ sāmmāni	السَّامَّانِ as-sāmmāni	سَامَّتَانِ sāmmatāni	السَّامَّتَانِ as-sāmmatāni
accusative	سَامَّيْنِ sāmmayni	السَّامَّيْنِ as-sāmmayni	سَامَّتَيْنِ sāmmatayni	السَّامَّتَيْنِ as-sāmmatayni
genitive	سَامَّيْنِ sāmmayni	السَّامَّيْنِ as-sāmmayni	سَامَّتَيْنِ sāmmatayni	السَّامَّتَيْنِ as-sāmmatayni
plural	masculine		feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	سَامِّين sāmmīn	السَّامِّين as-sāmmīn	سَامَّات‎; سَوَامّ sāmmāt‎; sawāmm	السَّامَّات‎; السَّوَامّ as-sāmmāt‎; as-sawāmm
nominative	سَامُّونَ sāmmūna	السَّامُّونَ as-sāmmūna	سَامَّاتٌ‎; سَوَامُّ sāmmātun‎; sawāmmu	السَّامَّاتُ‎; السَّوَامُّ as-sāmmātu‎; as-sawāmmu
accusative	سَامِّينَ sāmmīna	السَّامِّينَ as-sāmmīna	سَامَّاتٍ‎; سَوَامَّ sāmmātin‎; sawāmma	السَّامَّاتِ‎; السَّوَامَّ as-sāmmāti‎; as-sawāmma
genitive	سَامِّينَ sāmmīna	السَّامِّينَ as-sāmmīna	سَامَّاتٍ‎; سَوَامَّ sāmmātin‎; sawāmma	السَّامَّاتِ‎; السَّوَامِّ as-sāmmāti‎; as-sawāmmi

Etymology 3

Root
س و م (s w m)
6 terms

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saː.ma/

Verb

سَامَ • (sāma) I (non-past يَسُومُ (yasūmu), verbal noun سَوْم (sawm))

(obsolete) to rove, to pasture (camels, sheep, birds …)
to offer for sale [with accusative ‘the commodity’ and accusative ‘to whom’]
to urge, to demand, to compel, to impose, to afflict, etc. [with accusative ‘what’ and accusative ‘whom’]
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:141:
  وَإِذْ أَنْجَيْنَاكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ ۖ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَيَسْتَحْيُونَ نِسَاءَكُمْ ۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ
  waʔiḏ ʔanjaynākum min ʔāli firʕawna yasūmūnakum sūʔa l-ʕaḏāba yuqattilūna ʔabnāʔakum wayastaḥyūna nisāʔakum wafī ḏālikum balāʔun min rabbikum ʕaẓīmun
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

Conjugation of سَامَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun سَوْم)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					سَوْم sawm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					سَائِم sāʔim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَسُوم masūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُمْتُ sumtu	سُمْتَ sumta	سَامَ sāma	سُمْتُمَا sumtumā	سَامَا sāmā	سُمْنَا sumnā	سُمْتُمْ sumtum	سَامُوا sāmū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سُمْتُ sumtu	سُمْتِ sumti	سَامَتْ sāmat	سُمْتُمَا sumtumā	سَامَتَا sāmatā	سُمْنَا sumnā	سُمْتُنَّ sumtunna	سُمْنَ sumna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسُومُ ʔasūmu	تَسُومُ tasūmu	يَسُومُ yasūmu	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	يَسُومَانِ yasūmāni	نَسُومُ nasūmu	تَسُومُونَ tasūmūna	يَسُومُونَ yasūmūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَسُومُ ʔasūmu	تَسُومِينَ tasūmīna	تَسُومُ tasūmu	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	نَسُومُ nasūmu	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسُومَ ʔasūma	تَسُومَ tasūma	يَسُومَ yasūma	تَسُومَا tasūmā	يَسُومَا yasūmā	نَسُومَ nasūma	تَسُومُوا tasūmū	يَسُومُوا yasūmū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَسُومَ ʔasūma	تَسُومِي tasūmī	تَسُومَ tasūma	تَسُومَا tasūmā	تَسُومَا tasūmā	نَسُومَ nasūma	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسُمْ ʔasum	تَسُمْ tasum	يَسُمْ yasum	تَسُومَا tasūmā	يَسُومَا yasūmā	نَسُمْ nasum	تَسُومُوا tasūmū	يَسُومُوا yasūmū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَسُمْ ʔasum	تَسُومِي tasūmī	تَسُمْ tasum	تَسُومَا tasūmā	تَسُومَا tasūmā	نَسُمْ nasum	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سُمْ sum		سُومَا sūmā			سُومُوا sūmū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		سُومِي sūmī		سُومَا sūmā			سُمْنَ sumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سِمْتُ simtu	سِمْتَ simta	سِيمَ sīma	سِمْتُمَا simtumā	سِيمَا sīmā	سِمْنَا simnā	سِمْتُمْ simtum	سِيمُوا sīmū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سِمْتُ simtu	سِمْتِ simti	سِيمَتْ sīmat	سِمْتُمَا simtumā	سِيمَتَا sīmatā	سِمْنَا simnā	سِمْتُنَّ simtunna	سِمْنَ simna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَامُ ʔusāmu	تُسَامُ tusāmu	يُسَامُ yusāmu	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	يُسَامَانِ yusāmāni	نُسَامُ nusāmu	تُسَامُونَ tusāmūna	يُسَامُونَ yusāmūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُسَامُ ʔusāmu	تُسَامِينَ tusāmīna	تُسَامُ tusāmu	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	نُسَامُ nusāmu	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَامَ ʔusāma	تُسَامَ tusāma	يُسَامَ yusāma	تُسَامَا tusāmā	يُسَامَا yusāmā	نُسَامَ nusāma	تُسَامُوا tusāmū	يُسَامُوا yusāmū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُسَامَ ʔusāma	تُسَامِي tusāmī	تُسَامَ tusāma	تُسَامَا tusāmā	تُسَامَا tusāmā	نُسَامَ nusāma	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَمْ ʔusam	تُسَمْ tusam	يُسَمْ yusam	تُسَامَا tusāmā	يُسَامَا yusāmā	نُسَمْ nusam	تُسَامُوا tusāmū	يُسَامُوا yusāmū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُسَمْ ʔusam	تُسَامِي tusāmī	تُسَمْ tusam	تُسَامَا tusāmā	تُسَامَا tusāmā	نُسَمْ nusam	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܣܳܡ (sām, “to constitute, to establish, to set, to place, to install”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saː.ma/

Verb

سَامَ • (sāma) I (non-past يَسُومُ (yasūmu), verbal noun سِيَامَة (siyāma))

(Christianity) to ordain for ecclesiastical office

Conjugation

Conjugation of سَامَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun سِيَامَة)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					سِيَامَة siyāma
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					سَائِم sāʔim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَسُوم masūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُمْتُ sumtu	سُمْتَ sumta	سَامَ sāma	سُمْتُمَا sumtumā	سَامَا sāmā	سُمْنَا sumnā	سُمْتُمْ sumtum	سَامُوا sāmū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سُمْتُ sumtu	سُمْتِ sumti	سَامَتْ sāmat	سُمْتُمَا sumtumā	سَامَتَا sāmatā	سُمْنَا sumnā	سُمْتُنَّ sumtunna	سُمْنَ sumna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسُومُ ʔasūmu	تَسُومُ tasūmu	يَسُومُ yasūmu	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	يَسُومَانِ yasūmāni	نَسُومُ nasūmu	تَسُومُونَ tasūmūna	يَسُومُونَ yasūmūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَسُومُ ʔasūmu	تَسُومِينَ tasūmīna	تَسُومُ tasūmu	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	تَسُومَانِ tasūmāni	نَسُومُ nasūmu	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسُومَ ʔasūma	تَسُومَ tasūma	يَسُومَ yasūma	تَسُومَا tasūmā	يَسُومَا yasūmā	نَسُومَ nasūma	تَسُومُوا tasūmū	يَسُومُوا yasūmū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَسُومَ ʔasūma	تَسُومِي tasūmī	تَسُومَ tasūma	تَسُومَا tasūmā	تَسُومَا tasūmā	نَسُومَ nasūma	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسُمْ ʔasum	تَسُمْ tasum	يَسُمْ yasum	تَسُومَا tasūmā	يَسُومَا yasūmā	نَسُمْ nasum	تَسُومُوا tasūmū	يَسُومُوا yasūmū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَسُمْ ʔasum	تَسُومِي tasūmī	تَسُمْ tasum	تَسُومَا tasūmā	تَسُومَا tasūmā	نَسُمْ nasum	تَسُمْنَ tasumna	يَسُمْنَ yasumna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سُمْ sum		سُومَا sūmā			سُومُوا sūmū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		سُومِي sūmī		سُومَا sūmā			سُمْنَ sumna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سِمْتُ simtu	سِمْتَ simta	سِيمَ sīma	سِمْتُمَا simtumā	سِيمَا sīmā	سِمْنَا simnā	سِمْتُمْ simtum	سِيمُوا sīmū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	سِمْتُ simtu	سِمْتِ simti	سِيمَتْ sīmat	سِمْتُمَا simtumā	سِيمَتَا sīmatā	سِمْنَا simnā	سِمْتُنَّ simtunna	سِمْنَ simna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَامُ ʔusāmu	تُسَامُ tusāmu	يُسَامُ yusāmu	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	يُسَامَانِ yusāmāni	نُسَامُ nusāmu	تُسَامُونَ tusāmūna	يُسَامُونَ yusāmūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُسَامُ ʔusāmu	تُسَامِينَ tusāmīna	تُسَامُ tusāmu	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	تُسَامَانِ tusāmāni	نُسَامُ nusāmu	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَامَ ʔusāma	تُسَامَ tusāma	يُسَامَ yusāma	تُسَامَا tusāmā	يُسَامَا yusāmā	نُسَامَ nusāma	تُسَامُوا tusāmū	يُسَامُوا yusāmū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُسَامَ ʔusāma	تُسَامِي tusāmī	تُسَامَ tusāma	تُسَامَا tusāmā	تُسَامَا tusāmā	نُسَامَ nusāma	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَمْ ʔusam	تُسَمْ tusam	يُسَمْ yusam	تُسَامَا tusāmā	يُسَامَا yusāmā	نُسَمْ nusam	تُسَامُوا tusāmū	يُسَامُوا yusāmū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُسَمْ ʔusam	تُسَامِي tusāmī	تُسَمْ tusam	تُسَامَا tusāmā	تُسَامَا tusāmā	نُسَمْ nusam	تُسَمْنَ tusamna	يُسَمْنَ yusamna

Etymology 5

Compare Hebrew שֵׁם (šēm). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saːm/

Proper noun

سَام • (sām) m

Shem
a male given name, Sam

Declension

Declension of noun **سَام** (sām)
singular	basic singular diptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	سَام sām	—
nominative	—	سَامُ sāmu	—
accusative	—	سَامَ sāma	—
genitive	—	سَامَ sāma	—

Derived terms

سَامِيّ (sāmiyy, “Semitic”, adjective)
سَامِيّ m (sāmiyy, “Semite”, noun)

Etymology 6

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

سَام • (sām) m

(obsolete) death
Synonym: مَوْت (mawt)
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 39:118:
  حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحِ بْنِ ٱلْمُهَاجِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ٱللَّيْثُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ٱبْنِ شِهَابٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ ٱلرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ ٱلْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَخْبَرَهُمَا أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ ٱللَّٰهِ—صَلَّى ٱللَّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ—يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ فِي ٱلْحَبَّةِ ٱلسَّوْدَاءِ شِفَاءً مِنْ كُلِّ دَاءٍ إِلَّا ٱلسَّامَ». وَٱلسَّامُ ٱلْمَوْتُ. وَٱلْحَبَّةُ ٱلسَّوْدَاءُ ٱلشُّونِيزُ.
  ḥaddaṯanā muḥammadu bnu rumḥi bni l-muhājiri, ʔaḵbaranā l-layṯu, ʕan ʕuqaylin, ʕani bni šihābin, ʔaḵbaranī ʔabū salamata bnu ʕabdi r-raḥmani wasaʕīdu bnu l-musayyabi, ʔanna ʔabā hurayrata ʔaḵbarahumā ʔannahu samiʕa rasūla llāhi—ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wasallama—yaqūlu: “ʔinna fī l-ḥabbati s-sawdāʔi šifāʔan min kulli dāʔin ʔillā s-sāma”. was-sāmu l-mawtu. wal-ḥabbatu s-sawdāʔu š-šūnīzu.
  […] God’s Prophet (ﷺ) says: “Blackseed is a cure of every disease short of fatality.” Fatality is death, blackseed is swartzcummel.

Declension

Declension of noun **سَام** (sām)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	سَام sām	السَّام as-sām	سَام sām
nominative	سَامٌ sāmun	السَّامُ as-sāmu	سَامُ sāmu
accusative	سَامًا sāman	السَّامَ as-sāma	سَامَ sāma
genitive	سَامٍ sāmin	السَّامِ as-sāmi	سَامِ sāmi

References

“swm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
“سام” in Almaany
Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “س و م”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 708
Freytag, Georg (1833) “س و م”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 378–379
Lane, Edward William (1863-1893) “س و م”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1474–1475.
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سام”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 475
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سام”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 543
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “س م م”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 595
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “س و م”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[6] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 616–617

Malay

Adjective

سام

Jawi spelling of sama.‎‎

Adverb

سام

Jawi spelling of sama.‎‎

Preposition

سام

Jawi spelling of sama.‎‎

Persian

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

سام

Wikipedia ^fa

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sɑːm]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sɑːm]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sɑːm]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sɔːm]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sɒːm]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sɔm]

Readings
Classical reading^?	sām
Dari reading^?	sām
Iranian reading^?	sâm
Tajik reading^?	som

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Sanskrit श्याम (śyāma). Related to (siyâh, “black”), and (siyâvaš).

Noun

سام • (sâm)

fire
flame

Proper noun

سام • (sâm)

a male given name, Sam or Saam

Derived terms

سمندر (samandar) (possibly)

Etymology 2

Possibly related to (âmâs, “swell, swelling”). Compare Arabic سام (sām, “death”) (possibly). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

سام • (sâm)

swell, swelling
(by extension) disease

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic سَامّ (sāmm).

Adjective

سام • (sâm)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “سام”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 217