گل

See also: كل and کل

Laki

Noun

گل (gil)

1. flower

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Mazanderani

Noun

گل (gal)

1. mouse

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Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian گل (gol).

Noun

گل • (gül)

1. rose

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Persian

FWOTD – 4 August 2019

Etymology 1

گل

From late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥da- (compare Iranian borrowings Old Armenian վարդ (vard), and possibly Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (see it for more), which yielded English rose), from Proto-Iranian *wṛda- (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (var^əδa), Sogdian [Term?] (/⁠ward⁠/), Parthian wʾr (wār)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰo- (“sweetbriar”) (compare Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Old English word (“thornbush”)). Ultimately probably from Proto-Indo-European *HweRdʰ- (“to grow (large/strong)”) (attested only in Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwardʰ- (“to grow”)).

Noun

Dari	گل
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гул

گل • (gol) (plural گل‌ها (gol-hâ))

1. (archaic, literature) rose
   • 940-1020, Ferdowsi, Shahnameh

     زن شیر از آن نامه شهریار
     چو رخشنده گل شد به وقت بهار

     zan-i šēr az ān nāma-i šahryār
     ču raxšanda-gul šud ba waqt-i bahār

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 1325–1389, Hafez, Divan

     صبحدم مرغ سحر با گل نوخاسته گفت
     ناز کم کن که در این باغ بسی چون تو شکفت

     subhdam murğ-i sahar bā gul-i naw-xāsta guft
     nāz kam kun ki dar īn bāğ basē čun tu šikuft

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. flower
3. the center of a watermelon (which is the sweetest part)

Synonyms

• (rose): گل سرخ (gol-e sorx), رز (roz)

Derived terms

• ترگل (targol)
• نارگل (nârgol)
• نازگل (nâzgol)
• گل سرخ (gol-e sorx)
• گل و بلبل (gol-o-bolbol)
• گل کلم (gol-e kalam)
• گلاب (golâb)
• گلبرگ (golbarg)
• گلدان (goldân)
• گلزار (golzâr)
• گلستان (golestân)
• گلشن (golšan)
• گلپر (golpar)
• گلچه (golče)
• گل‌کاری (gol-kâri)
• گل‌گلی (gol-goli)

 

Descendants

• → Arabic: جُلّ (jull)
• → Azerbaijani: gül
• → Bashkir: гөл (göl)
• → Bengali: গুল (gul)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: गुल (gul)
  • Urdu: گل (gul)
• → Kazakh: гүл (gül)
• → Kurdish:
  • Kurmanji:
  • Central Kurdish: گوڵ (guł)
• → Kyrgyz: гүл (gül)
• → Ottoman Turkish: گل (gül)
  • Turkish: gül
  • → Serbo-Croatian: ђул / đul
• → Pashto: ګل (gul)
• → Punjabi: ਗੁਲ (gul) / گل (gul)
• → Sindhi: گل (gulu)
• → Turkmen: gül
• → Uyghur: گۈل (gül)
• → Uzbek: gul

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian TYNA / gl (gil).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɪl/
• IPA^(key): /ɡel/, [ɡʲel]

Noun

Dari	گل
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гил

گل • (gel) (plural گل‌ها (gel-hâ))

1. clay
2. silt
3. mud
4. lair

Derived terms

• کاه‌گل (kâh-gel)
• کاه‌گلی (kâh-geli)
• گل لگد کردن (gel lagad kardan)
• گل و لای (gel-o-lây)
• گلی (geli)
• گل‌آلود (gel-âlud)
• گل‌مالی (gel-mâli)

 

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gil”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 36

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English goal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɡol]

Noun

Dari	گل
Iranian Persian
Tajik	гол

گل • (gol) (plural گل‌ها (gol-hâ))

1. (sports) goal

Derived terms

• پرگل (por-gol)
• گل خوردن (gol xordan)
• گل زدن (gol zadan)
• گل کوچیک (gol kučik)
• گل‌زن (gol-zan)
• گل‌نزن (gol-nazan)

 

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Punjabi

Proper noun

1. Gill.

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Urdu

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit गल (gala).

Noun

گل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)

1. throat
2. neck
3. hook

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit गल् (gal).

Noun

گل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)

1. speech
2. word
3. saying
4. affair

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Persian گل (gel).

Noun

گل • (gil) f (Hindi spelling गिल)

1. earth, mud, silt, clay
2. bole

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Persian گل (gol).

Noun

گل • (gul) m (Hindi spelling गुल)

1. flower
2. rose